CHAP. XVII.] 
MAMMALIA, 
171 
We have to pass over more than 70° of longitude before we again 
meet with Anthropoid Apes, in the northern part of Sumatra — 
where a specimen of the orang-utan (&tw satyrus) now in the 
Calcutta Museum, was obtained by Dr. Abel, and described by 
him in the Asiatic Researches , vol. xv. — and in Borneo, from which 
latter island almost all the specimens in European museums have 
been derived. There are supposed to be two species of Simia in 
Borneo, a larger and a smaller ; but their distinctness is not ad- 
mitted by all naturalists. Both appear to be confined to the 
swampy forests near the north, west, and south coasts. 
The Gibbons, or long-armed apes, forming the genus Hylobates, 
(7 species) are found in all the large islands of the Indo-Malayan 
sub-region, except the Philippines ; and also in Sylhet and Assam 
south of the Brahmaputra river, eastward to.Cambodja and 
South China to the west of Canton, and in the island of Hainan. 
The Siamang (Siamanga syndactyla) presents some anatomi- 
cal peculiarities, and has the second and third toes united to the 
last joint, but in general form and structure it does not differ 
from Hylobates. It is the largest of the long-armed apes, and in- 
habits Sumatra and the Malay peninsula. 
Family 2.— SEMNOPITHECID^E. (2 Genera, 30 Species.) 
General Dibtp.ibution. 
Neotropical 
Sub-regions. 
Ne arctic 
Sub-regions. 
1 Pal.earctic 
Sub-regions. 
Ethiopian | 
Sub-regions. 
Oriental 
Sub-regions. 
N 
Australian 
Sub-regions. 
4 
1.2 | 
1 . 2 . 3. 4 
— 
The S emnopithecidse, are long-tailed monkeys without cheek- 
pouches, and with rather rounded faces, the muzzle not being 
prominent. They have nearly the same distribution as the last 
family, but are more widely dispersed in both Africa and Asia, 
one species just entering the Palaearctic region. 
The Eastern genus Presbytes or Semnopithecus (29 species), is 
spread over almost the whole of the Oriental region wherever the 
forests are extensive. They extend along the Himalayas to beyond 
Simla, where a species has been observed at an altitude of 11,000 
