204 
GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. 
[part IV. 
northern ; while Stenorhynchus and Morunga, with their allies, 
are mostly southern. The genera admitted by Dr. Gray in his 
catalogue are as follows : — 
Callocephalus (3 species), Greenland, North Sea, also the 
Caspian Sea, and Lakes Aral and Baikal ; Pagomys (2 species), 
North Sea, North Pacific, and Japan; Pagophilus (2 species), 
North Pacific and North Atlantic; Halicyon (1 species), North 
West coast of America ; Phocct (2 species), North Atlantic and 
North Pacific, Japan ; Halichoerus (1 species), Greenland, North 
Sea, and Baltic ; Pelagius (2 species), Madeira, Mediterranean, 
Black Sea ; Stenw'hynchus (1 species), Antarctic Ocean, Falkland 
Islands, New Zealand; Loboclon (1 species), Antarctic Ocean; 
Leptonyx (1 species), Antarctic Ocean, South Australia, East 
Patagonia ; Omrnatophoca (1 species), Antarctic Ocean ; Morunga 
(2 species), California, Falkland Islands, Temperate regions of 
Southern Ocean ; Cystophom (2 species), North Atlantic, Antilles. 
Fossil Seals. — Pieraains of living species of seals have been found 
in Post-tertiary deposits in many parts of Europe and in Algeria, 
as well as in New Zealand. Pristiphoca occitana is a fossil seal 
from the Pliocene of Montpellier, while a species of Phoca is said 
to have been found in the Miocene deposits of the United States. 
General Pemarks on the Distribution of the Carnivora. 
Terrestrial Carnivora. — For the purposes of geographical dis- 
tribution, the terrestrial and aquatic Carnivora differ too widely 
to be considered in one view, their areas being limited by barriers 
of a very different nature. The terrestrial Carnivora form a very 
extensive and considerably varied group of animals, having, with 
the doubtful exception of Australia, a world-wide distribution. 
Yet the range of modification of form is not very great, and the 
occurrence of three families consisting of but one species each, is 
an indication of a great amount of recent extinction. One of 
the most marked features presented by this group is its com- 
parative scarcity in the Neotropical region, only four families 
being represented there (not counting the Ursidas, which has 
only one Andean species), and both genera and species are few 
in number. Even the Procyonidse, which are especially South 
