220 
GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. 
[part IV. 
(I species) inhabits China from the Yang-tse Kiang northwards. 
This new genus has recently been discovered by Mr. Swinhoe, 
who says its nearest affinities are with Moschus. Other new 
forms are Lophotragus, and Elaphodus , both inhabiting North 
China ; the former is hornless, the latter has very small horns 
about an inch long. 
Extinct Deer. — Numerous extinct species of the genus CerviLS 
are found fossil in many parts of Europe, and in all formations 
between the Post-pliocene and the Upper Miocene. The Elk 
and Eeindeer are also found in caves and Post-pliocene deposits, 
the latter as far south as the South of France. Extinct genera 
only, occur in the Upper Miocene in various parts of Europe : — 
Mieromeryx, Palceomsryx, and Dicrocercus have been described ; 
with others referred doubtfully to Moschus , and an allied genus 
Amphimoschus. 
In N. America, remains of this family are very scarce, a Cer- 
vus allied to the existing wapiti deer, being found in Post-plio- 
cene deposits, and an extinct genus, Leptomeryx , in the Upper 
Miocene of Dakota and Oregon. Another extinct genus, Mery- 
codus } from the Pliocene of Oregon, is said to be allied to camels 
and deer. 
In South America, several species of Cervus have been found 
in the Brazilian caves, and in the Pliocene deposits of La 
Plata. 
It thus appears, that there are not yet sufficient materials for 
determining the origin and migrations of the Cervidee. There 
can be little doubt that they are an Old World group, and a com- 
paratively recent development ; and that some time during the 
Miocene period they passed to North America, and subsequently 
to the Southern continent. They do not however appear to have 
developed much in North America, owing perhaps to their find- 
ing the country already amply stocked with numerous forms 
of indigenous Ungulates. 
