CHAP. XVIII.] 
BIRDS. 
261 
Australia and Africa. The Indo-Chinese sub-region is the head 
quarters of the family, whence it diminishes rapidly in all 
directions in variety of both generic and specific forms. Viscount 
Walden has kindly assisted me in the determination of the 
limits of this family, as to which there is still much difference 
of opinion. The distribution of the genera here admitted is as 
follows ; and as the genera are widely scattered in the Hand 
List , reference numbers are prefixed in every case. 
(1023 ~ lose loos) p oma torhmus (27 sp.), the whole Oriental region 
(excluding Philippines), Australia and blew Guinea; ( 1027 ) 
Pterohinus (3 sp.), North China, East Thibet; ( 1029 10S0 ) Mala- 
cocircus (9 sp.), Continental India and Ceylon, Arabia, Nubia ; 
(io3i) Chatarrhwa (5 sp.), Abyssinia, Palestine, India, Nepal, 
Burmah, and Philippines ; ( 1032 ) Layardia (3 sp.), India and Cey- 
lon ; ( 1033 ) Acanthoptila (1 sp.), Nepal ; ( 1034 ) Cindosoma (4 sp.), 
Australia and Tasmania : ( 1035 1036 ) Grater opus (18 sp.), all Africa, 
Persia; ( 1037 ) Hyper gems (1 sp.), West Africa: ( 1038 ) Cichladusa 
(3 sp.), Tropical Africa ; ( 1039 ) Garrulax (23 sp.), the Oriental 
region (excluding Philippines) ; ( 104 °) Janthocinda (10 sp.), Nepal, 
to East Thibet, Sumatra, Formosa; ( 10il 1042 ) Gampsorhynchus (2 
sp.), Himalayas ; ( 1049 ) Grammatoptila (1 sp.) North India ; ( 1043 - 
1045) Trochalo'pteron (24 sp.), all India to China and Formosa ; ( 1046 ) 
Actinodura (4 sp.), Nepal to Burmah, 3,000 - 10,000 feet ; ( 104T ) 
Pellorneum (4 sp.), Nepal to Ceylon, Tenasserim ; ( 115S 1169 ) Timalia 
(12 sp.), Malaya; 1 ( 116 °) Dumetia (2 sp.), Central, India and Cey- 
lon ; ( 1162 ) Stachyris (6 sp.), Nepal to Assam, Sumatra, Formosa ; 
(ii64) Pyctorhis (3 sp.), India to Ceylon and Burmah ; ( 1165 ) Mixornis 
(8 sp.), Himalayas and Malaya ; ( 1167 ) Malacopteron (3 sp.), Ma- 
laya ; ( 1168 1169 ) Aleippe (15 sp.), Ceylon and South India, Hima- 
layas to Aracan, Malaya, Formosa, New Guinea ; ( 117 °) Macronus 
(2 sp.), Malaya ; ( 1171 ) Cacopitta (5 sp.), Malaya ; ( 1172 ) Trichastoma 
(11 sp.), Nepal, Burmah, Malaya, Celebes; ( 117s ) Hapothera (6 sp.), 
Malaya ; ( 1174 ) Drymocataphus (8 sp.), Burmah, Malaya, Ceylon, 
1 The term il Malaya ” is used here to include the Malay Peninsula, 
Sumatra, Borneo, and Java, a district to which many species and genera are 
confined. f< Malay Archipelago ” will be used to include both Indo-Malaya 
and Austro-Malaya, 
