CHAP. XVIII.] 
BIRDS. 
271 
Malaya (excluding Celebes) ; (Myiagra (16 sp.), Australia and 
Moluccas to Caroline and Samoa Islands : Hypothymis (2 sp.), 
Oriental region and Celebes ; Mminia (2 sp.). Tropical Africa ; 
Muscitod/us (2 sp.), Fiji Islands ; Machcerirhynchus (4 sp.), Papuan 
Islands and North Australia ; Platystira (12 sp.), Tropical and 
South Africa ; Rhipidura (45 sp.), the Oriental and Australian 
regions to the Samoa Islands and Tasmania ; Chelidorynx (1 sp.), 
North India ; Myialestes (2 sp.), India to Ceylon, China, Java 
and Celebes ; TcMtrea, (26 sp.), the entire Ethiopian and Oriental 
regions, and to North China and Japan; Philentoma (4 sp.) 
Malacca, Sumatra, Borneo, and Philippine Islands ; Todopsis 
(6 sp.), Papuan Islands ; ( 836 ) Pogonoeichla (1 sp.), South Africa, ; 
(loci - io6b ^Bradyornis (7 sp.), Tropical and South Africa ; ( 146 °) 
Chasiempis (2 sp.), Sandwich Islands. 
Family 18. — PACHYCEPHALIDiE. (5 Genera, 62 Species.) 
General Distribution. 
Neotropical 
Stjb-regions. 
Nearctic 
Sub-regions, 
PALiE ARCTIC 
Sub-regions. 
Ethiopian 
Sub-regions. 
Oriental 
Sub-regions, 
Australian 
Sub-regions. 
4. 
3.4 
1.2.3- 
The Pachycephalidae, or Thick-headed Shrikes (Pachycepha- 
linae of the Hand List omitting Collnricinda^ Cracticus, and 
Pardalotus ) are almost confined to the Australian region, a single 
species extending to Java and Aracan, and another (?) to Mada- 
gascar. The family has generally been united with the Laniidae, 
but most modern ornithologists consider it to be distinct. The 
distribution of the genera is as follows : — 
Orececa (1 sp.), Australia; Falcunculus (2 sp.), Australia; 
Pachycephala (44 sp.), Sula Islands (east of Celebes) to the Fiji 
Islands, and Australia ; HyJockans (4 sp.), Timor, Celebes, Indo- 
Malaya, and Aracan ; Calicalicus (1 sp.), Madagascar ; Eopsaltria 
(14 sp.), Australia, New Caledonia, and the New Hebrides ; Ar- 
tamia (4 sp.), Madagascar,— may belong to this family, or to 
Laniidae, O.riolidaB, or Artarnidae, according to different authors. 
