484 
GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. 
[part IV. 
genera typically characteristic of the North Temperate regions 
which have a few species widely scattered on mountains, or in 
the temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere. Chili possesses 
representatives of four of these genera — Argynnis, Lyccena, Co- 
lias, and Deiletphila ; and this has been thought by some natura- 
lists to be of such importance as to outweigh the purely Neo- 
tropical character of a large portion of the Chilian fauna, and 
to render it advisable to join it on, as an outlying portion of a 
great North Temperate zoological region. But when we re- 
member that Argynnis occurs also in Java, and Lycrnna in New 
Zealand, while Colias ranges to Southern Africa, Malabar, and 
the Sandwich Islands, we can hardly admit the argument to be 
a sound one. For a fuller discussion of this question see Yol. 
II., pp. 43 — 47. The remarkable fact of the existence of the 
otherwise purely Neotropical genus, Urania, in Madagascar is 
even more striking, supported as it is by the Antillean, Solenedon, 
belonging to a family of Mammalia otherwise confined to Mada- 
gascar, and by one or two Coleopterous genera, to be noticed 
farther on as common to the two countries. Our view as to the 
true explanation of this and analogous phenomena w r ill be found 
at Yol. I, p. 284. 
The division of the Castniidse (a family almost confined to 
the Tropics), between the Neotropical and Australian regions, is 
also a very curious and important phenomenon, because it seems 
to point to a more remote connection between the two countries 
than that indicated by the resemblance between the productions 
of South Temperate America with those of Australia and New 
Zealand; but we have already shown that the facts may be 
explained in another way. (See Yol. I., pp. 398 and 404). 
The division of the Malay Archipelago between the Oriental 
and Australian regions is clearly marked in the Lepidoptera, 
and it is very curious that it should be so, for in this, if in any 
group of animals, we should expect an almost complete fusion 
to have been effected. Lepidoptera fly readily across wide 
tracts of sea, and there is absolutely no elimatal difference to 
interfere with their free migration from island to island. Yet 
we And no less than 10 genera abundant in the Indo-Malavan 
