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GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. 
[part it. 
in West Africa. The number of species in this genus have 
now been increased to about 400. 
Clausilia (272 sp.) is most abundant in Europe, with a few 
species widely scattered in India, Malaya, China, Japan, Equa- 
torial America, and one in Porto Eico. The described species 
have been increased to nearly 500. 
Bulimulm (210 sp.) is American, and almost exclusively 
Neotropical, ranging from Montevideo and Chili, to the West 
Indian Islands, California and Texas ; with two sub-genera con- 
fined to the Galapagos Islands. About 100 new species have 
been described since the issue of the second edition of Dr. 
Woodward’s Manual. 
Pupa (210 sp.) abounds most in Eurbpe and the Arctic 
regions, but has a very wide range, being scattered throughout 
Africa, continental India, Australia, the Pacific Islands, North 
America to Greenland, and the Antilles; but it is absent 
from South America, the Himalayan and Malayan sub-regions, 
China and Japan. An extinct species has occurred abundantly in 
the carboniferous strata of North America. About 160 addi- 
tional species have been described. 
Bulimus (172 sp.) abounds most in Tropical South America; 
it is also found from Burmah eastward through Malaya to the 
Solomon and Fiji Islands; there are also scattered species in 
Patagonia, St. Vincents, Texas, St. Helena, and New Zealand. 
More than 100 additional species have been described. 
Buliminus (132 sp.) ranges from Central and South Europe 
over the whole Ethiopian and Oriental regions to North China, 
and through the Australian to New Zealand ; there is also a 
single outlying species in the Galapagos Islands. About 50 
more species have been described. 
Cochlostyla (127 sp.) is almost peculiar to the Philippine 
Islands, beyond which, are a species in Borneo, one in Java, and 
two in Australia. Very few new species have been added to 
this genus. 
Achaiinella (95 sp.) is absolutely confined to the Sandwich 
Island group. Recent researches have more than tripled the 
number of described species. 
