592 
GENERAL INDEX. 
Otaria , European Miocene, i. 118 
ii. 202 
OTARIID^E, ii. 202 
OT1D1D2E, ii. 356 
Otid iphaps, ii. 333 
Otilophus , ii. 415, 428 
Otis, ii. 356 
Otocorys, ii. 289 
Otocryptis, ii. 402 
Otogyps, ii. 346 
Otomys, ii. 230 
Otopoma, ii. 521 
Ovibos, N. American Post-Pliocene, i, 130 
ii. 224, 225 
Owl-parrot, ii. 329 
Owls, ii. 350 
Oxen, birth-place and migrations of, i. 155 
Palasarctic, i. 182 
ii. 221 
OXUDERCIDjE, ii. 431 
Oxycena, N. American Tertiary, i. 134 
Oxydoras, ii. 443 
Oxyglossus, ii. 421 
Oxygomphus, European Miocene, i. 118 
ii. 186 
Oxylabes, ii. 262 
Oxymyderus, in Brazilian caves, i. 145 
S. American Pliocene, i. 147 
ii. 230, 231 
Oxynotus, ii. 269 
Oxypogon, ii. 108 
OXYRHAMPHIDjE, ii. 292 
Oxyrhamphus, ii. 292 
Oxyrhopus, ii. 379 
Oxyurus, ii. 103 
Oysters, ii. 533 
P. 
Pachybatrachus, ii. 416 
Pachycephala, ii. 271 
PACHYCEPHALIOjE, ii. 271 
Pachydadylus, ii. 400 
Pachymna, N. American Tertiary, i. 134 
Pachygloss'i, ii, 277 
Pachynolophus, European Eocene, i. 126 
Pachyrhamphus, ii. 102 
Pachyrhynckus, ii, 391 
Pachyteles, ii. 490, 492 
Pachytherium, in Brazilian caves, i. 145 
ii. 246 
Pachyura, ii. 191 
Pceocephalus, ii. 328 
Pcecilus , ii. 4S9 
Pagdlus, ii. 427 
Pagomys, ii. 204 
Pagophila, ii. 364 
Pagophilus , ii. 204 
Pagnma. ii. 195 
PAICTIDJE, ii. 298 
Palsearetic region, ancient limits of, ii. 157 
defined, i. 171 
subdivisions of, i. 71 
general features of. i. 180 
zoological charcteristics of, i. 181 
has few peculiar families, L 181 
mammalia of, i. 181 
birds of, i. 182 
high degree of speciality of, i. 184 
reptiles and amphibia of, i. 186 
fresh-water fish of, 4. 186 
summary of vertebrata of, i. 186 
insects of, i. 186 
coleoptera of, i. 187 
number of coleoptera of, i, 189 
Palsearctic region, land-shells of, i. 190 
sub-regions of, i. 1U0 
general conclusions on the fauna of, i. 231 
tables of distribution of animals of, i. 233 
Palccacodon, JJ. American Tertiary, i, 133 
Palceetus, European Miocene, i. 162 
Palcegithalus, European Eocene, i. 162 
Falcelodus, European Miocene, i. 162 
Palcvocastor, N. American Tertiary, i. 140 
ii. 234 
Palceocercus, European Miocene, i. 162 
Palceochosrus, European Miocene, i. 119 
ii. 215 
Palceocyon, ii. 198 
Pcdaiohiera.x, European Miocene, i. 162 
Palceolagus, N. American Tertiary, i. 140 
PaloBolama, S. American Pliocene, i. 147 
ii. 217 
PalceomephUis, European Miocene, i. 118 
ii. 200 
Palceomeryx, European Miocene, i. 120 
ii. 220. 
Palceomys, European Miocene, i. 121 
ii. 238 
Palcem tina oolitica, Oolitic insect, i. 167 
Palaeontology, i. 107 
how best studied in its bearing on geo- 
graphical distribution, i. 168 
as an introduction to the study of geo- 
graphical distribution, concluding re- 
marks on, i. 169 
Palceonyctis, European Eocene, i 125 
Palceoperdix, European Miocene, i. 161 
Palceophry nus, European Miocene, i. 166 
Palceoreas, Miocene of Greece, i. 116 
Palceornis, ii. 326 
PALJEORNITHID.®, ii. 326 
Palceonyctis, ii. 196, 206 
PalcEortyx, European Miocene, i. 161 
Palocoryx, Miocene of Greece, i, 116 
Palceospalax, i. Ill 
European Miocene, i. 117 
ii. 190 
Palceosyops, N. American Tertiary, i. 136 
Palceotharidce, Europeau Eocene, i. 125 
Palceotherium, Enropean Eocene, i. 125 
S. American. Eocene, i. 148 
Palceotragns, Miocene of Greece, i. 116 
Palceotringa, N. American Cretaceous, i. 164 
Palamedea, ii. 361 
PALAMEDElDiE, ii. 361 
Palapten/gidce of Now Zealand, i. 164 
PALAPTERYGID2E, ii. 370 
Palapteryx , ii. 370 
Palestine, birds of, i. 203 
PaUasia, ii. 289 
Paloplotherium, European Miocene, i. 119 
European Eocene, i. 125 
Paludicola, ii. 416 
Paludina, Eocene, i. 169 
European Secondary, i. 169 
ii. 510 
PALUDINID®, ii. 510 
Pampas, Pliocene deposits of, i. 146 
Pamphila, ii. 480 
Panda, of Nepaul and E. Thibet, i. 222 
Himalayan, figure of, i. 331 
ii. 201 
Pandion, ii. 349 
PANDIONID®, ii. 349 
Pangasius, ii. 442 
Pangolin, ii. 245 
Panolax, N. American Tertiary, i. 140 
Panoprva, ii. 536 
Panoplites, ii. 107 
Panterpe, ii. 109 
