AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[August, 
Contents for August, 1872. 
Baldwin Apple and its Origin 303 
Bee-Nnles 289 
Boring Wooden Drains or Water- Logs. .. Illustrated. .296 
Boys and Girls' Columns — The Doctor has a Word to 
Say — The Little Swiss— Aunt Sue's Puzzle-Box— 
New Rebuses— Going a-Fisking 3 Ills. . 3117, 308 
Buck -board Wagon Illustrated.. 2117 
Concrete [louses 5 Illustrations. 298 
Cow. Another Jersey 2S9 
Digging and Storing Early Potatoes 291 
Double-Trees and Uneven Pulling 2 Illustrations . .298 
Dryi ng Fruit 4 Illustrations. . 299, 300 
Farm-Mills Illustrated. . 29b 
Farm Work in August 282 
Flower Garden and Lawn in August 234 
Fowls. Asiatic Illustrated. . 293 
Fruit Garden in August 283 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in August 284 
Harvesting Bnck wheat JUustrated. . 297 
Horses— Portrait of Longfellow Illustrated. 281 
Horse-Power9 Illustrated. .296 
Household Department — Barefoot Boys — At School 
too Young— Jam and Jelly — Tough Old Turkey — 
Constipated Babies— Cooking Egg-Plants— Salt-fish 
Dinners— Domestic Coloring— Washing by Dog- 
Power— Vases of Flowers 305,306 
Insects— Eggs in Grape-Canes and Apple Twigs. 
7 Illustrations.. 303 
Insects— The Cabbage- Worm 301 
Kitchen Garden in August 283 
Manuring Wheat 297 
Market Reports 2S4 
Mixed Husbandry 299 
Ogilen Farm Papers. No. 31— A Difference of Opin- 
ions— The First Principles of Farming — Trans- 
planting Beets— The Deeply-plowed Field— Dairy— 
Yon ng Stock 291,292 
Orchard and Nursery in August 2S3 
Plants— Many-leaved Lupin Illustrated . .301 
Plants— The Or i-Dragori Illustrated. .301 
Plants— Water-Violet or Featherfoil Illustrated.. 304 
Ringing a Pig Illustrated. 297 
Roses on A pple-Trecs 304 
Shad-Planting in the Mississippi Valley 291 
Sheep. African Illustrated. .293 
Tim Bunker on Underselling the Butcher 290 
Top-Dressing Grass Land 299 
Value of Night-Soil osg 
Vegetable Plants lor the South 303 
WaH;s and Talks on the Farm, No. 104— Harrnwinn- 
and Drilling ill Wheat— Wheat in Western N. Y.— 
Wheal in Michigan— Lime and Potash— Cultivating 
Corn— Draining— Thomas's Smoothing Harrow— 
Hoeing Corn — Corn Culture — Weeds — Fall- 
Fallowing 294,295 
Why Do not Eggs Hatch?. 091 
4 BASKET.' 1 OR 8HORTER ARTICLES. 
INDEX TO 
A. A. F. T. A. O. S.... 
About Borrowing 
Aged Parrot 
Agricultural Items 
Akebia 
Arsenic for Pigs 
Artificial Cider 
Artificial Manures 
Ashes and Hen-M nure 
Bahcock Extinguisher. 
Barberry. Hedge 
Beans and Sunflowers. 
Beef and Butter St* 
Bone-Biack 28' 
.284 
.281 
.281 
.31.' 
28'. 1 
.28s 
.2t? 
,288 
.•286 
.280 
.289 
.285 
Lard-Makers' Refuse S86 
Lawn Weed 289 
Lime Interest 286 
Locust-slung Orchard 289 
Mange o 85 
Mangel- Wllrzel 287 
Mezqtlit Grass .289 
Milk in 24 Hours 286 
Milk-Weed 286 
Moles 285 
Mules 2S6 
Night-Soil 287 
Night-Soil for Trees 289 
Old Meadow 2S7 
Patent Rights 285 
Patent Wanted 2S7 
Pig with Fits 286 
Pigs for Family Pork... 287 
Plymouth Pulpit 289 
Poison Ivy .286 
Post-Hole" Augers 285 
288 (Juestions 285 
289 Rape in the South 285 
285 Rennet £85 
287} Roaches — Powder 2S7 
Chicken Cholera 28fl Road-Tax in Ohio 287 
China- White Pigs 285 Rock Specimens 286 
Clover in Corn 287, Running at Nose 285 
Clover in Va 286 Salt-Cake 288 
Bones. 
Buffalo Bulls 
Bnfl'alo Crosses 
Buggy Peas 
Bull, to Buy or Hire?.. 
Butter-Worker 
Calcareous Soil 
Canker of Frog 
Carbolic Acid in Soap. 
Cashmere Wool 
Chester Co. Ci 
.888 
.287 
. 288 
.285 
.28C 
. .285 Saltpeter 
..289 Sawdust, or "Queer," 
..286 Humbug 287 
. .286 Smoking Meat 287 
..286 Soap-Scraps 285 
..286 Sorghum Bagasse 286 
. .889 Special Premiums 288 
Cut Corn-Fodder 28H Stifle 286 
Cutworm 285 Strawberries set in July.. 286 
Draining a Meadow 2X.S Stripping Cows ..287 
Farm-Gate .286 Stupid Horse 287 
Fence-Wire 285 Subsoil Plow 285 
Clover-Seed 
\ Colorado Potato-Bug. 
Concrete Buildings... 
Cooking Feed 
Cost of Rats 
Cultivating New Land 
Curious Corn 
Forcc-Pump. Beet... 
Fruit-Trees 
Ga. Slate College... 
Good Cow 
Grades and Crosses. 
.285 
.289 
.284 
.385 
.285 
SnckeringCorn . 
Sugar Waste 
Sulphur for Lice 
Sundry Humbugs... 
Syrup from Cane 
Techn'l Dictionary. 
The Garden"... 
.289 
Grape Cuttings 289 
Grass-Rake 285 
Ilard-ciilkingCows 2S6 Union Pacific R.R 284 
Hay-Press 288 Yeast Powders 289 
Hedges 286, Wants to be a Farmer... 286 
Holly-leaved Cherry 289 Warbles 285 
Ice on Weed 286i Warts on Teats. . i 2.86 
Iron-Weed 2X6 What is a Hogget ? 2K7 
Kerosene and Lice, . .. 285, Wis. Dairymen's Ass.... 278 
Calendar for August. 
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Boston. X Eng- 
land. X. York 
State. Mieiii- 
ffau. iVimtojt- 
sin. Intra, unit 
Oregon. 
II. M 
I 4 5? 
I 4 5S 
I 4 .-.4 
4 55 
4 56 
4 5' 
„ 
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- - 
K 
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H. 
M. 
:o a 4 
3 55 
3 49 
sets 
8 23 
4 58.7 
4 59!7 
5 07 
5 86 
5 96 
5 10 fi 
5 11 6 
5 12 6 
5 14 II 
5 15 6 
5 16 G 
5 176 
5 18 6 
5 19 6 
5 20 6 
5 21,6 
40 
. 39 
5 23 6 37 
8 49 
9 II 
9 34 
9 56 
10 20 
10 47 
11 19 
12 
morn 
52 
1 56 
3 10 
rises 
? 53 
8 21 
8 47 
9 11 
9 37 
10 6 
10 33 
11 17 
11 59 
morn 
49 
1 44 
2 42 
.V. r.Cttu. CI., 
Philadelphia, 
XetO Jersey, 
Perm.. Ohio. 
Indiana and 
Illinois. 
H.M n.M 
4 56 7 16 
4 57 7 15 
4 58 7 14 
4 59 7 12 
5 7 11 
5 1|7 10 
5 2 7 9 
5 3 ; 
5 47 
5 57 
7 7 
5 
4 
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5 817 1 
5 9,7 
5 10|6 58 
5 11 r, 36 
5 12 G 55 
5 13 6 53 
5 14 (i 52 
5 15 6 51 
5 16 6 49 
5 17 6 48 
5 18 6 47 
5 19 6 45 
5 20'6 44 
5 21 6 42 
5 22 6 41 
5 28 6 39 
5 24 6 38 
5 25 6 36 
5 26 6 35 
n. 51. 
2 10 
3 2 
3 55 
sets 
8 20 
S 46 
9 10 
9 33 
9 57 
10 22 
10 50 
11 24 
morn 
5 
58 
2 2 
3 16 
rises 
7 51 
8 20 
8 47 
9 13 
9 40 
10 10 
111 43 
11 23 
morn 
5 
55 
1 50 
2 47 
Washington, 
llarytund. 
Vii-uiiua.ICeii. 
luciu. Mis 'ui- 
ri, mid Cali- 
fornia. 
1" 
8 
2 

1 6 59 
5 1116 58 
5 12 6 57 
5 13,6 55 
5 1416 53 
5 15 6 52 
5 16 6 50 
5 17 6 49 
5 18l'i 48 
5 19 6 4G 
5 20 6 45 
5 21 6 44 
5 31 6 42 
5 22 6 41 
5 23 6 40 
5 '-'4 6 38 
5 25 6 37 
5 26 6 36 
5 27 6 34 
5 286 S3 
2 16 
3 8 
4 1 
sets 
* 16 
i 44 
9 9 
9 13 
9 Os 
10 24 
10 54 
11 28 
morn 
11 
1 5 
2 9 
3 21 
rises 
7 48 
8 19 
8 48 
9 15 
9 43 
10 15 
10 48 
11 28 
morn 
11 
1 1 
1 56 
2 53 
PHASES OF THE MOON. 
ID, 
NewMoonl 4 
1st Qnart.. IS 
Full 18 
3d Quart .. :25 
1 8 111. 
4 9ev. 
3 51 ev. 
n. H. 
4 49 m. 
56 m. 
3 57 ev, 
3 39 ev. 
WASU'N. 
CHA'STON 
CUICAGO. 
H. M. 
H. M. 
H. M. 
4 37 m. 
4 25 m. 
3 55 m. 
44 111. 
32 m. 
2 m. 
3 45 ev. 
3 33 ev. 
3 3 ev. 
3 27 ev. 
3 15 ev. 
2 45 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, AUGUST, 1872. 
Many farmers nave had much to try their temper 
and test their patience during the past month. Hoe- 
ing, haying.and harvest have, been crowded together. 
Men have been scarce and have had things all their 
own way. And we know of nothing more disagree- 
able than to be obliged to submit to the dictation of a 
lot of ignorant, selfish, conceited men, who are blind 
to their own permanent interests, and utterly regard- 
less of the inteiests of others. It is useless to reason 
with them. All that we can do is, the moment we 
are through the hurrying season, to discharge those 
who have behaved the worst. We do not complain so 
much of the high wages as of the short hours and of 
the general listlessness. indifference, unskillfnlness, 
and indolence of a large class of farm men. We have 
all been complaining of this evil for some years. 
We have thought that it would cure itself. But 
instead of getting better, it is getting worse and 
worse. It is time that the subject was carefully 
considered and concerted action resorted to. We 
must be just and liberal with our men, but should 
insist on a faithful performance of contracts. No 
farmer should hire a man who has broken an en- 
gagement with a brother-farmer. 
During the latter part of this month and the next 
there will be comparatively little to do on many 
farms, and day-men can be obtained at lower rates. 
If a man has been faithful, give, him steady work 
and fair wages. But you owe it to yourself and to 
the good men, to dismiss every man who has not 
acted properly. This policy, generally carried out, 
would have a salutary effect. 
Hint* al>oul Work. 
Finish the Harvest.— -The better plan is to finish 
each field as you go, but we can not always do just 
what we know to be best. In the hurry of harvest, 
and with fewer men than we need, it is sometimes 
necessary to "get the biggest of it," and trust to 
finding time to clear up afterwards. As soon as the 
main bulk of the crops is secured, a farmer is very 
apt to relax his exertions. This should be guarded 
against. There should be no let-up until everything 
is finished. Then tike a rest and enjoy yourself. 
Oats. — This is generally the last grain crop to 
harvest. Where the straw is used for fodder, it is 
well to cut the crop before the oat* get fully ripe. 
Or where oats and straw are to be all cut up together 
and fed to horses, the crop may be cut while there 
is considerable " milk " in the grain. In t his case 
it is necessary to be very careful in curing. On the 
whole, we are inclined to think that the better plan 
is to let the oats stand until they are nearly or quite 
ripe. The grain will be heavier, aud less time is 
required for curing. Much, however, depe.ds on 
circumstances. If we are likely to have settled hot 
weather, we should cut early, but if the weal her is 
unsettled, we should prefer to let the oats stand 
until quite ripe. Oats are not unfrequently damaged 
by being drawn in before they are sufficiently cured, 
especially after they have been exposed to raiu. It 
is important that the oats are perfectly dry inside 
and outside the sheaves aud at the butts. 
Thrashing. — If the grain is safe in the barn, we 
6hould be in no hurry to thrash. It is not probable 
that wheat will rule permanently lower during the 
next twelve months than at the present time. We 
do not say that it will be higher. We are not urging 
farmers to hold on to their grain, but simply not 
to be in a hurry to thrash, unless there is some 
object to be gained. Wheat keeps far better in the 
6traw than in the granary, and it is far better not to 
thrash until the straw or grain is needed. But where 
grain has to be stacked, and where thatching is not 
practiced, it is better to thrash as early as possible. 
Thrashing by Steam. — Steam-engines for thrashing 
are being rapidly introduced. The old ten-horse- 
power machines have done good service, and de- 
serve to be held in grateful remembrance. But 
we rejoice to believe that their days are numbered. 
If there is a steam thrasher in the neighborhood, 
patronize it. This is the only way to banish the 
old horse-machines. 
Look to your Insurance. — This is always good ad- 
vice; but it is particularly so at this season. Many 
farmers have a good deal of property, in the form of 
wool, hay, and grain, exposed to fire, that is not 
covered by insurance, because they expect to keep 
it only a short time. If they can afford to be their 
"own insurers," all very well. But if a fire would 
cripple them, it is the part of wisdom to be at least 
partially insured. We fear that many farmers have 
property that they think is insured which their 
policies do not cover. Your wool or grain may bo 
insured in one barn but not in another, and you 
may have overlooked or forgotten the fact. If you 
are going to thrash with a steam-engine, see if it 
does not invalidate your policy. There is little or 
no risk from a properly-constructed engine, hut it 
is a very unpleasant thing when you think you are 
insured to burn up and find that there is a clause in 
the policy that forfeits your claim. 
Thrashing with a Siveep-Ibwer. — The general prac- 
tice in our neighborhood when thrashing with a 
hired teu-horse-power machine is to pay five cents 
per bushel for wheat, four cents for barley, and 
three cents for oats, the owner of the machine fur- 
nishing four men aud four horses. One of the 
"thrashers" drives, and he is naturally inclined to 
6pare his own teams at the expense of ours. This 
should be looked to. If possible, let the horses 
have a level track, for in going up-hill a good team 
is inclined to pull harder than on a level. Give the 
outside horse a longer half of the evener. With 
quiet, thoughtful, and experienced thrashers every- 
thing will go smooth, and the horses will not bo 
injured, but new hands get excited, and drive too 
hard. What is wanted is 6teady work. See not 
only that the machine thrashes clean, but that 
none of the grain is carried over in the chaff 
Making the Straw-Stack.— II is rare to see a really 
good straw-stack. If the object is to rot down the 
straw for manure, the stacks as frequently made 
cau not be improved. But where the object is to 
save the straw fur fodder and for litter, much more 
pains than is generally the case should be taken in 
making the stack. We can not go into details, but 
the main points are to keep the middle full and 
well trodden down, so that the sides shall settle 
more than the center. Keep the chaff and short 
