AMERICAN A<-iRIC ULTUBIST. 
[Seftembrb, 
Contents for September, 1872. 
Birds— Belted Kingfisher UlllStrgit 
.Boys ami Girls' Columns— What is it ? — Oar Graessing- 
School— A Petrified Squash— Sca-UrcUins— An Ant 
and a Given Worm— Anal Sue's Puzzle-Box— The 
Unwelcome Visitor 5 Illustrations. 347, 3-is 
California Lawn-Sprinkler ■; Illustrations.. 342 
Caits— now to Catch down the Body Illustrated . .330 
Cuttle— Prize Shorthorns Illustrated. .320, 330 
Cattle— Scale of Points of Jerseys 330 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices 324 
Corn-shocking Horse Illustrated. .330 
Deep Milk-Cans 338 
Pairs— Slate and County 353, 354 
Fall Treatment of Grass-Lands 33G 
Farm Work in September 322 
Flower Garden aud Lawn in September 331 
Flowers— Mr. Sisley's Geraniums 343 
Flowers— Sweet- Pens Illustrated. 341 
Flowers— Tall Browallia Illustrated. . 311 
Fruit Garden in September 323 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in September 3:4 
Hay-Knife Illustrated. .336 
Hints about Wheat 339 
Household Department— Short nair for Women and 
Children— Refrigerator and Meat-Safe— Home Top- 
ics— Something about Eves— A Young Wife— Eye 
Graham— Rye Light Cakes— Rye Bread— Bye Gems 
— Rye Rills — Rain-water Barrels — Mollie wants to 
Know — Lamp-Chimneys — Tin-Ware — Breakfast 
Bread-Stuff's— Cream-Cake— Ham and other Ome- 
lets— to Pickle Marrynias 2 Illustrations. .345, 340 
How to Kill and nang a Beef. 2 Illustrations. .339 
Irrigation— Storage of Water 335 
Kitchen Garden in September 323 
Market-Gardens near Loudon 341 
Moule's Earth-Closet and Manure 338 
Northern Pacific Railroad 330 
Notes from the Pines — Pegged-down Roses — Double 
Portulacas— Bush and Cordon Apple-Trees — That 
Potato— Moore's Concord Corn — Striped Japanese 
Maize— Tomatoes 343 
Ogden Farm Papers. No. 32— Deep-Can System — But- 
ter-Making— Fallows— Varieties of Wheat 331, 332 
Orchard and Nursery in September 323 
Ox-Teams vs. Horses 338 
Pea-Bugs 342 
Potash-Making 4 Illustrations. . 340 
Poultry— White Dorkings Illustrated. .333 
Propagating by Budding 9 Illustrations . .343 
Pure Water 335 
Saving Corn-Fodder 336 
Shrubs— Venetian Sumac Illustrated.. 344 
Stump-Puller Illustrated. 336 
Swine— National Breeders' Convention 330 
Variation in a Peach-Trec 342 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 105— Hay-Making 
— Management of Grass Land— Top-dressing— Feed- 
in" Dairy Cows— Weeds— Feeding Corn— Clover- 
Wheat 334, 335 
Water Running into an TJudcrdraiu 332 
Willows and Baskets 11 Illustrations.. 337 
Wolf-Teeth 338 
INDEX TO "BASKET," OH SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Calendar for September. 
Abortion in Cows 329, 
Ag'l Colleges 325 
Beans..... 326! 
Bed-Buss 327 
Best Dogs 3-20, 
B '- 327 
Book 011 Gardening 329 
Boston Cattle Show 329 ( 
Breachy Cows 329, 
Budding 325 
Bushberg Catalogue 329 
Castor Beans 325J 
Catarrh or Roup 328 
Choking bv Turnips 329| 
Clover on Timothy 325; 
Clover Seeding in Fall. ..3271 
Cold-Frame Cabbage's 327 
Colorado Wheat 320J 
Condition Powders 329: 
Cook Evaporator 329 
Cost of Manure 328 
Cotton-Picker 328 
Crops in S. Ohio 325j 
Cucumber Catsuo 329, 
Curb ." 3291 
Disease in Caltle 328 
Disease of Poultry 329 
Ditching Machines . . ..329, 
Drilling Wheat 328! 
Eng. Gardeners in U. S..325 
Fallows 329 
Fish and Sheep Nets.. 
Gail Borden 329 
Grape Leaves 327 
Greasing Cogs 327 
Grinding Tools 328 
Grub in the Head .... 
Hay-Press 326 
Hoof Injury 825 
Humbugs Sundry 325 
Imperfect Bull 327 
Irrigation 329 
Jersey Cat tie 325 
Jersey Herd-Book 825 
Land for Stock-raising. ..327 
landscape Gardening.. 
Lawn on Sandy Soils 327 
Leaky Cistern. 326 
Level* for Irrigation 326 
Lombard y Poplars . : 325 
Mauge 327 
Milking Machine 329 
Milk-Mirror 328 
Molting Hens 327 
Nebraska Wheat 328 
N. 1 . Poultry Soc'y 320 
did Trouble 320 
Parsons & Co 325 
Peas 337 
Percheron Horses 328 
Pickles 326 
Plowing Under Weeds. ..326 
Preserving Okra 325 
Pumping by Clock-work. 326 
Punctuation 329 
Pure Gnauo 328 
Radish-Bug 327 
Removing a Horn 320 
Rock-oil for Caterpillars. 325 
Roots for Stock 329 
Salt. 326 
Shall be Farm? 329 
Sbares's Harrow 327 
Six-Acre Farm 329 
Size of a Quart ::-Jii 
Smith's Chuirs 335 
Smut 327 
Strawberries 327 
Stump-Puller 329 
Spaying Heifers 328 
Spring Failing 327 
Substitute for Ashes 329 
Sundry Humbugs 325 
Sweet-Corn Fodder 329 
Tanning 328 
Tanning Buckskins 328 
That Fruit-Wash 330 
Tomato Premium 329 
True Seeds 329 
Twn-and aJIalf Better... 329 
Ventriloquism 320 
Weak Hoofs 329 
Weather Indicator 326 
West. Va . Farm Journal . . 329 
What isaBushel? 327 
What is a Shingle 32S 
Wheat after Oats 328 
Whiskey Pickles 335 
Wild Grass 328 
Wire for Pegs 325 
Wolf-Teeth in Horses.'. .330 
Yield of Crops 328 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
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7 31 in. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1872. 
On many farms, September is a comparatively 
leisure month. It is a good time to build stoue 
walls, to repair fences, to put up new gates, or re- 
hang the old ones that sag. If you have a pasture 
field, where there is no water for the stock, it is a 
good time to dig a uew well, or if you have an old 
one that is dry to drill it down into the rock. It 
often happens that a few blasts of powder will open 
a seam in the rock that will furnish abundance of 
water. In digging a new well, if possible, put it 
in the corner of a field where the water may be 
conducted into two, three, or four lots. 
We do not know how it is with other farmers, 
but in our own ease we find it more difficult to get 
"odd jobs" properly and promptly done thau the 
steady, more prolonged, and in some sense more 
important operations of the farm. We can get a 
field of wheat plowed, harrowed, aud drilled iu 
with less personal care and supervision thau we 
can get the implements and tools put iu their pro- 
per places. Happy is that farmer who has uot to 
depend too much ou hired men ; or, if he must em- 
ploy them, who kuows what work they cau best 
perform and what he must himself attend to. For 
such, a farmer to do steady work is unwise. He 
can make more by putting things in order aud 
keeping others at work without loss of time than 
by going to plow himself. lie must especially 
look well to the state of his flocks and his herds. 
The character of our farming is rapidly changing. 
Machinery does much of ortr heavy labor, but it 
needs much care, forethought, skill, promptness, 
and ingenuity to keep it in order. This is a lesson 
which many farmers have yet to learn. Machinery 
expedites aud lessens the drudgery and back- 
breaking nature of farm work. It changes the 
character of our labor, but does uot d.0 away with 
it. There is as much necessity for work now as 
there ever was. And it is as true now as it was 
of old, that " the hand of the diligent maketh rich." 
Hints about Work, 
Soioing Winler-W7ieat.^-In the Middle and North- 
western States nearly all our winter-wheat is sown 
the first, second, and third week iu September. 
Occasionally, some farmers who like to be ahead 
of their neighbors sow in August, but four times 
out, of five the later-sown wheat, 011 good laud, 
proves best at harvest. Last year was an excep- 
tion. The early-sown wheat, as a rule, was the 
best. We do uot think it desirable, however, to 
sow wheat before the first week of September, and 
on our own farm prefer to sow from the 10th to 
the 15th. As we go South, where the plants grow 
more or less all winter, the wheat is sown later. 
Fielding Wheat to Prevent Smut. — Moisten the 
wheat with fermented ehamber-lye, and dry it with 
lime. Or, take three ouuecs of blue vitriol and 
dissolve in one quart of boiling water, for each 
bushel of wheat. When cool, sprinkle it over the 
wheat, and turn repeatedly, so as to be sure that 
each kernel is moistened. This is the simplest and 
best remedy we have yet used. We can confidently 
recommend it. No lime is needed to dry it, aud in 
fact lime should not be used, as it decomposes the 
blue vitriol aud weakens its action. If the vitrial 
is applied several days before the wheat is to be 
sown, all the better. With chambcr-lye and lime, or 
with salt and lime, pickle ouly just before sowing. 
Drilling in Wlieat. — This is by far the neatest 
way of putting in ivheat, and when the land is dry 
it often niades all the difference between a good 
and poor crop. If everything is favorable, sowing 
broadcast will give as good a crop as drilling — some 
say better, but this is doubtful. 
Quantity of Seed per Acre. — Our own rule is two 
bushels per acre. Thick seeding favors early ripen- 
ing. Many excellent farmers think IX to ^M bush- 
el per acre is a plenty of 6eed, aud when the laud is 
rich, clean, mellow, and moist, we have seen heavy 
crops obtained from a bushel to the acre. 
Wheat likes a Firm Soil, but we prefer to have it 
mellow underneath and somewhat cloddy on top, 
rather thau to have the surface very fine and the 
bottom hard and dry. 
Harrowing Wheat in the Fall to Kill Small Weeds 
is very common iu England, and is well worthy of 
a trial here. Any fine-tooth harrow will answer, 
but those of our readers who have Thomas's Har- 
1-05V "will, we think, find it just the thing for the 
purpose. Repeat the harrowing often enough to 
kill all the weeds, and commence as soon a6 the 
roots of the wheat have sufficient hold of the soil 
to withstand the tearing action of the harrow. 
Sowing Grass Seeds with Wheat. — Where the wheat 
is to be harrowed, either in the fall or spring, we 
must give up sowing timothy with the wheat. We 
do not think this a serious objection, especially 
where clover is largely sown on the wheat in the 
spring. The repeated harrowing will almost in- 
sure a good catch of timothy and clover in the 
spring. Where no clover is sown, it is better 
to sow the timothy in the fall with th» wheat. 
Sowing Grass- Seed Alone.- — This is a good practice, 
aud one which we should like to see greatly ex- 
tended. The ground should be very fine aud mel- 
low. The earlier the seed is sown iu September 
the better. If timothy alone is sown, we would 
put on half a bushel per acre. Harrow it in with 
a light fine-tooth harrow, or if this cau not be had, 
roll after the seed is sowu. 
Bye. — This crop may be sown any time this 
mouth, or as late as October. Where the straw is 
in demand, it is often a very profitable crop, aud 
can he grown on soil too light and sandy for win- 
ter-wheat, But a good crop can te expected only 
on clean land in good heart. From V/^ to 2 bushels 
is the usual quantity of seed. The later it is sown 
the more 6eed will be required. 
Fall Plowing.— Except on very light land, there 
can be no doubt of the advantages of fall plowing. 
The earlier the work is performed the better will 
the sod rot, and the more weeds will be killed. 
Clover-Seed. — The most convenient way of cutting 
clover-seed is with a mowing-machine aud a reaper 
platform which carries the clover into heaps or 
wiudrow6. If the clover is heavy aud green, the 
