364 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[October, 
first touched by frost. Take care not to bruise 
when digging, as the}' are very liable to decay. 
Those that are to be kept should dry in the sun 
for a. dav, and then be packed in sand or cut-straw, 
only using that which is perfectly dry. Keep 
where the thermometer will not fall below 60'. 
Plower-Garden and Lawn. 
The cool weather of this month is well suited 
to laying out walks, drives, laying sods, etc. 
icooiw.— The soil for a lawn should be deep and 
rich, with a good drainage. The quickest way to 
Becure a good surface to a small lawn is to sod it, 
though sowing the grass seed is cheaper. 
SrrJbs. — Purchase early, and plant in soil well 
enriched with cow-inanure, adding sand if the 
soil is heavy. When the ground freezes, give 
a covering of litter. 
Mouse Plants which have been kept out of doors 
should be taken in before cold weather comes. 
Out them back well, and they will make a finer 
growth and be of a better shape. 
Chrysanthemums must be tied up to stakes, as 
high winds will break them down when they are 
loaded with blossoms. A few may be potted for 
house decoration after the buds are well formed. 
Perennials succeed best when taken up and 
divided every three or four years. Fall is the be6t 
month iu which to do this, as they will become es- 
tablished by spring, and flower better than when 
disturbed in spring. 
Peonies seldom flower wheu moved in the 
fepring. Take up early this month and divide, 
leaving one bud to a root, and plant in rich soil. 
Tender Bulbs like the Gladiolus should be taken 
Up after the leaves are dead, dried, and stored in a 
dry place where they will not freeze. 
Protection to half-hardy shrubs, etc., should not 
be given until quite cold weather, the object being 
to 'protect them from sudden changes rather than 
to prevent freezing. 
Greenlioiise :nt«l Window Plants. 
The greenhouse should have been prepared be- 
fore this for taking iu the plants, but if it is not 
yet done, atiend to it at once, as a sudden cold 
snap may do a great deal of damage. 
Annuals. — Sow a plenty for winter flowering, and 
priek outnas soou as large enough to handle. 
Bulbs. — Pot those needed for winter flowering, 
and put them in a dark place until the pots 
are well filled with roots. 
Im»xIs. — Every plant should be washed aud 
cleared of insects before it is taken into the green- 
house, as this will save much time and trouble. 
Materials. — See that plenty of soil, manure, moss, 
etc, are provided for the winter. 
Piatds to be forced for winter flowering must be 
taken up, potted, aud stored in a cold-frame until 
next February, when they may be brought iuto 
the greenhouse and forced. 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care- 
(Eolly prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
September 13, 1S72, aud for the corresponding month last 
year. 
I. TRANSACTIONS AT tHB KSW TORK MARKETS. 
litcoKTPTS. Flour. Wlrrnt. Corn. line. Barley. Oat*. 
JT<l'»>»<«m'th.24;.00 1 1,201,000 5,833,1100 92.003 TO/iOO 1,097.000 
aSd'sM*! in 197,500 1,701,000 4,481,000 101,000 163,000 3,654.000 
Sat.rs From-, irtiertt. Corn. Hue. JJarleif. Outs. 
S7 d"s Hisin'il.. 306.000 1,667,000 5,433,000 105.0HO 2,630 1,616,000 
»d'aiu..[ iu'th.333,000 1,617,000 4,656,000 269,000 0,000 1,929,000 
3* Comparison. roiUi same period at this time last year. 
Kkokipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Hue. Barley. Oats. 
27 days ls72. 247,000 1, 291. 000 5.833.000 92.'0O 70,500 1,607 000 
S days 1871. . .371,000 8,805.000 2,104,000 191,000 115,0 JO 1,219,000 
Sat.es. Flour. Wheal. Corn. Hire. Barley. Oats. 
37 <Ts 1373... 306,000 1,617.0011 5.433.000 105.000 2,6.50 1,616.000 
Sd's 1871... 833.000 4,939,000 3,615,000 90,01.0 51,000 1,221,000 
3. Exports from Neie York. Jan. 1 to Sept. 12: 
Flour. Wheal. Corn. Hue. Barley. Oats. 
W?2 6:6.377 6.503.965 17.585,873644,102 23,666 25,504 
1871 1. 2i 19. 17S I2.47I.S1I 7.610.690 171,031 81.797 20,199 
£870 1,315.331 12,233,954 301.131 05,734 11,906 
1969 075.200 11.615.061 1,557.677:14.000 45.097 
J368 642,933 3,385,078 5,300,515 153,098 12.159 
4. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat, Corn, Bye, Bar-ley, Oats, Milt, 
1873. busli. bush, bush. bosh. bush, bush. 
September 9. 95,674 2,661,982 S9.839 51.135 2.63S.976 811,611 
Augustl2.... S3.321 420.104 130,161 53,789 2,077,893 215.408 
JulyS 368,405 449.354 236.385 53.7311,135.071 163.392 
June 11 481,211 156.673 384,017 61,844 737,130 7,369 
MayS 1,015,533 197,203 271,165 18,032 1,11 5,023 80,447 
Aprils... .,.1,881,946 431,856 355,430 190,091 78,387 
1871. 
May 9 383,700 359,345 160,734 50,735 376,330 171,933 
Current Wholesale Thicks. 
Aug. 13. Sept. IS. 
Price of Gold 11.5S 113 
Flout.— Super to Extra Stale *6 10 ©8 35 $5 75 © S 00 
Super to Extra Southern.. . . 6 25 ©13 25 5 65 @12 50 
Extra Western 7 00 ©13 35 6 90 ©13 00 
Kxtra Genesee 8 30 ©10 35 8 10 ©10 00 
Superfine Western 6 10 ©6 65 5 75 ©6 45 
Ill's Flour. 4 10 ©5 05 4 35 ©5 35 
Corn-Meai 3 40 ©4 00 3 35 ©4 00 
Wheat— All kinds of White. 1 SO © 2 05 1 75 © 3 00 
All kinds of lied and Amber. 1 60 © 1 93 1 4S © 1 80 
Corn— Yellow 65 @ 67 64K® 65,^: 
Mixed 60 © &1K 59"© 64}« 
Oats— Western 44 @ 46 37 ® 52 
State 47 @ 53 46 ® 54 
I'.VE 73 © 7.5 71 © 85 
Barley Nominal. Nominal. 
Hat— Hale, f 100 lbs •. 1 00 © 1 60 1 00 © 1 60 
Straw, f 100 fts 70 © 1 10 60 @ 1 05 
Cotton— Middlings. f lb. .. 21%® 33 21J<© 21X 
Mops— Crop ol'1873.f lb — @ — 40 © 50 
Feathers — Live Geese, Hi lb. 40 © 70 — © — 
Seed— Clover, f lb 91,,® 10J4 — © — 
Timothy, if bushel — "® — 3 63"^© 4 00 
Flax. f bushel — @ — 2 00 @ — 
Sugar— nefi'g& Groceryflb — @ — 8V£® UK 
Molasses. Cuba, f gal 25 © 38 20 © 36' 
Coffee— Uio(Gold) 15 © 18K 141*:© 18 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c.. fib. Sy® 16 9'© 16 
Seed Leaf. Sib 8 @ 50 S © 50 
Wool— Domestic Fleece, fib. 50 © 73 58 © 73 
Domestic, pulled, fib 40 @ 60 25 © 63 
California, clip 24 © 50 22 © 45 
Tallow, fib 8&® 93i 8X@ 9« 
Oil-Cake— f ton 40 00 ©40 25 37 50 w39 00 
Pork— Mess, * barrel 13 12M@13 SO 13 00 ©14 20 
Prime, ijl barrel 10 75 ©1100 1100 © 
Beef— Plain mess 7 00 @ 9 50 6 00 © 9 00 
La rd. in tres. & barrels, f lb. 8H@ 9>i 8J6® 9S 
Butter— State, fib 12 © 30 13 © 30 
Western, ?» 9 © 20 10 @ 32 
Cheese 3 © 13X 4 @ 14 
Beans-F luishel 2 00 ©3 40 150 ©3 15 
PEAS-Canada. free, f bu.... 1 0.3 © 1 13 1 10 © 1 15 
Eggs— Fresh, f dozen 19© 23 24© 28 
Poultry— Fowls 15 © 20 16 © 30 
Turkeys— fib 16 © 31 20 © 24 
Geese, f pair 1 75 © 2 75 175 <s. 2 75 
llucks. fpnir 75 ©125 75 ©125 
Spring Chickens— f lb 18 © 22 16 @ 20 
Prairie Chickens — $ pair — @ — 62'..® S7 1 -; 
Woo koek—c 1 pair — @ — 1 13'^® 1 37% 
Partridges — @ — 87 "©125 
Turnips— f barrel 1 00 © I 50 1 00 <2 1 25 
Garbages— f 100 6 00 ©12 00 8 00 ©13 00 
Onions— f 100 bunches 3 25 ® 3 00 3 00 @ 3 50 
Onions— f bbl 3 50®300 200 ©3 00 
Broom-corn— f lb y 3 @ 9 3 @ 9 
Appi.es— new, f barrel ' 75 @ 2 75 50 @ 1 75 
New Potatoes— f bid 125 ... 3 25 125 ... 2 25 
Tomatoes— f basket 50 © 1 00 50 © 75 
Beets-F basket 125 ©159 135 ©150 
Green Coek— 9 100 50 ® 1 00 25 ® 02M 
Cucumbers— f 100 25 © 37 10 ® 50" 
ruMPKlNS-f 100 — © — 0O0®9O0 
Gaelic— f 100 bunches — ® — 6 00 ©10 00 
Watermelons— B lOti S 00 ®37 50 3 02 ©35 00 
Sweet Potatoes— f bbl 4 00 @12 00 3 50 & 4 50 
Egg-Plants— f dozen 2 35 @ 3 00 75 @ 1 25 
Squashes-59 bbl 125 ® 3 35 50 ® 1 00 
Peaches— f basket .• 30 ® 1 50 30 ® 1 50 
PKARS-fbW 200®5 00 100@90O 
Geapes— fib S @ 15 3 @ 15 
Plums— f barrel — ® — 300@6 50 
Gold declined to 113,V, closing September 13th at 113 
agamstllSVa on the 13th of August ..The Breadstuff 
trade has been quite active since our last, but prices have 
been variable, especially on Wheat and Corn, influenced 
mainly by the receipts aud the foreign advices. The ex- 
port movements in both Wheat and Corn have been large, 
though checked to some extent by the scarcity of ocean 
freight-room. The home-trade inquiry lias also been 
good for most articles in the breadsturTline, at the ruling 
figures. Shippers have been purchasing Flour with more 
freedom. At the close the general market shows more 
Bteadincss. Desirable lots of both new and old Wheat arc 
at present scarce. Strictly prima samples of Rye are not 
offered at all, the available supply being of poor to fair 
lots. Choice White Oats, suited to the city trade, are in 
very light stock. The Barley movement is unusually late 
throughout the interior, and the season here has not yet 
opened. Beans are difficult of sale; mediums are in 
more favor than marrows. Peas are offered very spar- 
ingly, and choice lots are held at high prices. In reply 
to a correspondent's inquiry we would state that the 
variety known as Kent. Peas now rarely appears on this 
market, and no quotation can be given for them, that 
would be reliable The Provision trade has been 
moderately brisk, with values closing steadily on the 
basis of our quotations. There has been a pretty fair in- 
quiry noted for Butter since our last, chiefly for the finer 
grades, suited to the requirements of the local and East- 
ern trade, though in part for qualities adapted to the re- 
stricted wants of shippers and packers, within the previ- 
ous range as to values. The offerings of desirable makes 
are not urgent, and I he principal holders seem confident 
in their views. The demand for Cheese has been fair, 
though not active, for the better qualities, which have 
been held with some show of confidence. Exporters 
have been buying with rather more freedom, and the 
home call has been rathermorc satisfactory The Wool 
trade drags on slowly and quite unsatisfactorily. There 
is a moderate call for desirable grades of stock, hut the 
bids generally fall short of the views of holders, who do 
not appear disposed to make important concessions. 
Hence the actual dealings in most kinds are on a limited 
scale, and indicate considerable irregularity as to values. 
California, Texas, and Foreign supplies are ample ; Dom- 
estic Fleece is offered only in small. quantities, and of 
Domestic Pulled the amount available is moderate. Manu- 
facturers are not at present iu ver}- urgent need of stock, 
and they buy with reserve. From the interior the adviceB 
are of a more accommodating temper on the part of 
sellers, wdio arc more liberal in offering their holding of 
new clip, though as yet unwilling to yield as much iu 
price as purchasers claim The Cotton movement is 
fairly active, hut at a lower range of prices, on liberal 
offerings. The crop of 1S71-2 was 2,974,351 bales, against 
•1,352.317 bales the preceding year The demand for 
flay and Hops has been moderate, at current rates. New 
Hops arc now arriving freely, and are in chief request. . . 
Seeds show more animation, especially Timothy, prime 
samples of which arc scarce and higher Flax firm 
hut not active Clover as yet dull and nominal 
Tobacco is in fair request at full rates. 
New Yorlt Lire-Stock llurheis, 
week ending Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Toll. 
August 19th... 10.193 93 2.934 22,803 30.631 66,654 
Auiust 26tU 8,148 53 2.413 2::,983 34.851 69,146 
Sept, 2d 9.125 76 3,896 39.441 36.390 77,938 
Sept. 9th 10,587 40 2.814 38.428 39.839 91.69S 
Total fori Herts... .38.053 361 11.057 114,634 111.701305.726 
do./orjpree.5ir<!e*8.40,468 5S9 13,013 130,901156,360 341,361 
Beeves. Coics. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
Average per Week 9,513 05 2.704 38.663 3.5,135 
do. do. last Month.... 8.091 IIS 3.009 3li,1S0 31,373 
do. do. prep's Jlonth.... 8.352 101 3,113 31,079 34,453 
Average perWeek, 1S71 7,137 SS 2,301 35,131 35,177 
Beef Cattle.— Taken as a whole, there has no! been 
a great deal of variation in prices of good cattle, but the 
markets have been glutted with poor stock which sells 
lower. The average receipts of the past month are the 
greatest ever known, and it is surprising that prices do 
not go still lower. Texaus have been coming forward 
with a perfect rush. Those which were wintered in Illi- 
nois, or some other State where corn and cultivated hay 
were plenty, show good condition, and sell readily at 9c. 
@ 10' jc., while lots hurried through from Texas will 
scarcely sell forf^c. (S8c. More than -320,000 Texaus 
have already crossed into Kansas, since the opening 
of the spring trade. As a general thing the stock is 
healthy, but a few herds in Illinois have been affected 
with the Spanish fever, and some cattle have died. The 
precaution was not used to keep Texaus and natives apart. 
Native stock should not graze after Tcxans before frost 
The prices of the past 4 weeks were : 
Bangs. Large S(tl Aper. 
Aug.19 7 @11 c. 8 gl2'.e. 11><c. 
Aug. 20 8 ©14 c 9 ®13)<c. HSfc. 
Sept. 2 8 ©14KC. 9 ®13 c. 13XC 
Sept. 9 7M@14 c. 8 ©12'.. . ll^c. 
lYJilcli Cows, — The C03v trade is quite dependent, 
during the summer months, upon the state of the milk 
market, aud that has been very irregular. Tiie 40-quart 
cans of milk have been sold at 50c. up to $3 each, gen- 
erally ruling very low, hence a hard time to sell fresh 
cows. The low price of thin beef has also hurt the sale 
of coivs. Common cows sell at $25 $40, fair at $50 @ 
$55, aud good to prime at $60 @ $03 Calves.— The 
only difference in calves is a better lading, just now, for 
milk veals, while grass calves are also higher. At first 
prime veals declined, glutted beef markets injuring their 
sale. There are a good many still to come forward. 
Most "grassers" sell by the head >t S3 (S> $9 each. 
Quotations of grass calves are 3c. (u) 4!4c. V lb., live 
weight ; common to fair milk 5 eals. 7 J ~c. uv 9c; good to 
choice, 9;;c. @ 10c Sheep and lianibs.— With 
larger receipts the trade is dull just now, and sheep are 
scarcely as firm, while lambs have declined about lc. per 
pound. Some of the butchers now prefer fat sheep to 
lambs. Some rough lots of old sheep, bucks, etc., have 
been sold at 4^c, and quite poor lambs at 6!4c. Quota- 
tions: Ordinary sheep, Sc.laiiy.c. Jj! It'., live weight ; fair 
to good, 0c.@014c.; prime to extra, 6V£e. (S> ojtffc. ; few very 
choice, 7c. Lambs, 0:5c. @7 1 . 1 c. for poor ; 7%c. @ Sc. for 
medium to good, and 8!£c.@8;£c. for extras Swine. 
These are sent in more freely as cool weather comes 
on. The demand is very good from cutters, and prices 
have steadily but slowly advanced. Several lots of live 
were sold to-day at 51.,c. (a) 5Vic, at which they arc 
quoted, with city-dressed Western selling at Cijc. @ 625c. 
for heavy and medium, pigs reaching 7c. fa) 7)zC Jersey- 
dressed pigs begin to arrive. They »rc worth 8c. (S 8Xc. 
Fo«l«ler-Cnl»er.— J. H. Snyder, Berks Co., 
Pa., wants a machine that cuts and crushes or grinds 
corn fodder at one operation. The horse-power fodder- 
cutters which feed by means of rollers, crush the stalks 
to a great extent, but we know of no machine wdiich cuts 
and grinds, and doubt if there is an opening as yet for 
such a machine in the present stnte of our stock farming. 
