HARDY HEATHS. 
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rarely as high as twelve feet. The flowers are 
ovate, pitcher-shaped, purplish, in umbel-like 
terminal groups. It flowers from August to 
November. Native of the south of Europe. 
There is a variety called rubra, with reddish- 
coloured flowers. It is also called E. multi- 
culis, E. Corsica, E. ramulosa. 
E. Tetralix, (the four-leaved Heath,) is a 
stouter growing plant than the last, and, in 
similar situations is rather a larger grower. 
The leaves are four in a whorl, greyish ; the 
flowers are ovate, purplish, in terminal heads. 
It is a native plant, and the badge of the clan 
Macdonald. The varieties are, — rubra, with 
pale red flowers; camea, flesh-coloured; alba, 
white; and Machaiana, a native of Ireland, 
differing botanically from Tetralix, but a good 
deal like it, to a cursory observer, and is pos- 
sibly a/hybrid between E. ciliaris and E. Tetra- 
lix, having the leaves of the former, and the 
flowers of the latter. They flower from June 
to August. Also called E. botuliformis, 
E. barbarica, and E. pumila. 
E. viridipur/jurea, (the greenish-purple 
Heath,) is a bushy shrub, growing about three 
feet high, and bearing greenish flowers, from 
May to August. It is a native of Portugal. 
Gti'SOCai.lis ; the Moor Heath. 
G. carnea, (the flesh-coloured flowered 
Moor Heath,) is a dwarf, almost herbaceous 
plant ; and though truly a shrub, yet, from its 
dwarf compact manner of growth, it accords 
well with herbaceous plants. The stems sel- 
dom rise more than six inches high, and from 
December to April, the little branches are 
loaded with the pretty, lively, pale red flowers, 
which are axillary and drooping, but disposed 
in dense racemes, directed to one side. It is 
a native of Germany, Switzerland, and the 
north of 'Wales. A plant, called E. herbacea, 
and E. prrccox, is by some regarded as a 
variety; but it is scarcely, if at all, distin- 
guishable. E. carnea is also called E. saxa- 
tilis. 
. G. mediterranea, (the Mediterranean Moor 
Heath,) grows from four to six feet high. It 
forms a bushy plant, gaily decorated with its 
numerous, pitcher-shaped, small, red flowers, 
disposed like a raceme, and directed to one 
side. It flowers from March to May. It is 
a native of the region of the Mediterranean, 
in the south of Europe ; and is found, also, on 
the western coast of Ireland, covering a con- 
siderable tract of land. 
G. miiltiflora, (the many-flowered Moor 
Heath.) is an eroct growing bush, attaining 
two feet in height. The flowers are axillary, 
disposed in a racemose-corymb; they are bell- 
shaped, and pale red. It is a native of the 
south of Europe. .If planted in a cool, airy, 
open situation, it will grow freely, and coin- 
47 
mence flowering in May and June, continuing 
to develop flowers up to November, or De- 
cember. It is called E. juniperina, and E. pe- 
duncularis. 
G. uvibellata, (the umbel-flowered Moor 
Heath,) is a slender-growing bush, of two to 
three feet high, with small purple flowers, in 
umbels, produced from May to July. It re- 
quires slight protection in severe weather. 
Native of Portugal. 
G. vagans, (the wandering Gypsocallis, or 
Cornish Moor Heath,) is a small dense shrub, 
growing in large compact tufts, with numerous, 
small, bell-shaped, purplish-red flowers, which 
are arranged in an aggregated axillary form, 
so as to resemble a dense spike. It is a native 
of England in Cornwall, and of the south of 
France, and the north of Africa. It flowers 
during July and August. There are several 
varieties : — as, pallida, pale red, which appears 
to be the same as that called rubescens ; pur- 
purascens, with purplish flowers ; alba, with 
axillary white flowers ; and tenella, also with 
white flowers, which are terminal. The species 
has been, by different persons, called E. vaga, 
E. didyma, and E. purpurascens. 
CALLUNA. 
C. vulgaris, (the common Ling, or heather,) 
is a small spreading shrub, of about a foot high 
in exposed places, growing plentifully in fa- 
vourable situations in all parts of Britain, 
and throughout Europe. The flowers, which 
are small, are disposed in long, terminal, 
spicate racemes. It flowers from June to 
August. In sandy soils, in open woods, it often 
reaches three feet or upwards in height. The 
following varieties are enumerated: — purpurea, 
with purplish red flowers; decumbens, branches 
decumbent, flowers purplish red ; tom'entosa, 
branches woolly, flowers purplish red; alba, 
flowers white ; cocci nea, flowers deep re&;J!ore- 
pleno, flowers double, pale purplish red ; foliis 
variegatis, leaves variegated, flowers purplish; 
a urea, leaves variegated with yellow ; atro- 
rubens, branches pubescent, flowers deep red; 
serotina, branches pubescent, flowers white ; 
and spieata, with very long racemes, red or 
white. Besides these, there are others less 
distinct. As a selection where only a few are 
required, the following may be taken : — alba, 
coccinea, tomentosa, serotina, foliis variegatis, 
and florc-pleno. 
With the hardy Heaths, must be associated 
the plant known as the Irish Heath, Irish 
■\Vhort, Cantabrian Heath, or St. Daheoc's 
Heath. This plant belongs to the genus 
Dabcoeia. 
J), polifolia, (the poly-leaved Daboecia,)ia 
a bushy evergreen shrub, growing from one 
to two feet high, with elliptic flat leaves, and 
large purple pitcher-shaped flowers, in ter- 
G 
