228 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[AtJGTJST, 
pet Lily, very fine, Hollyhoc ks, Summer S:ivory, etc.; 
Alexander Marsh. Paterson, N.J Lady's Slipper; 
J. Gregoty, Jersey City, N.J Trumpet Lily, Mrs. 
(Tale. Brooklyn, L. I. 
Vegetables, etc.— Tom Tlmmb Peas and new Buok- 
eye Potatoes ; Wm. Claremlon , Sins Sins, N. Y — Fine 
Cucumber ; Charles Mandcwirth, Fishkill. N. Y Po- 
tato Onion, Early June Potatoes and Early Va'entine 
Spring Beans; G. M. Usher, Porl Richmond, N. V 
Two line Cucumbers ; E C. Cortelyou. Siaten Island — 
Samaritan an I Ea'ly June Potatoes, June SStli, larse 
growth: J. Van Brunt, Fort Hamilton. L. I Naked 
Barley, very fine; no name Black Poland Oats; S. 
W. Miller, Elizabeth. N. J. ...Grass, Calamngrastis 
Canadensis, from Swamp ; John B. Vroom, Washington- 
ville, N. Y .. Curious erowth of Summer Squash ; Jno. 
W. Ch'lstie. Harkensack. N. J. 
Miscellaneous. — Cahoon Nut from British Honduras; 
A. C. Burr. New York city Hlitum capitatum, or 
Strawberry Blite . W. S. Carpenter. Rye, N. Y Large 
Brahma Pootra eeg, weight 4& ounces Egg in 
the interior of another ; S. G. Colt. New York city 
Double Esg. similar to lasl, outer one measuring In 
largest circumference SX inches, in smallest, 73< indie*, 
from Black Spanish fowl one year old ; W. W. Denslow. 
High Bridge. N. Y. . Samples of Sorghum susar made 
on Cook's Evaporator : C. B. Lines, Topeka. Kansas, 
and C. D. Roberts, Jacksonville, Illinois. 
Directions for Budding. 
— • — 
A large share of budding is done during this 
month. When the buds of any sort are well form- 
ed, and the bark of the stock 
peels freely, is the time to insert 
the bud. So many ask how to 
bud and perform simple opera- 
tions, which are great mys- 
teries to those who have not 
tried to do them, that we are 
frequently obliged to go back 
to first principles. At this time 
we introduce cuts illustrating 
the operation of budding for 
the benefit of the inexperi- 
enced. Stocks are one or two 
year old trees, raised from seeds 
fjci 3 or cuttings. Buds from trees of 
desirable kinds are formed up- 
on the shoots of the present 
season's growth, in the axils of 
the leaves, or where they join 
the stem. Cut a shoot of this 
kind, remove the tipper un- 
opened buds and the lower un- 
developed ones, and also the 
leaves, letting their stalks re- 
main as in fig. 1. With a sharp 
knife remove a bud, cutting 
from below upward. The figure 
Fig.l. shows the bud and the place 
whence it was cut. Select a smooth place upon the 
north side ofastock, and as neartheground as pos- 
sible, aud with the knife cut through the bark as 
I-..1 
shown by the line in fig. 3. Lift the corners of the 
cut portion, and insert the bud, crowding it well 
down into the cut as in fig. 4. A portion of the 
bark of the bud will stick above the cross-cut on 
the 6tock ; this should be cut off even with the 
cross cut. Bind all up with bass bark, lamp wick- 
ing or woolen yarn, as shown in fig. 5, taking care 
to bind so as to exclude rain and to keep the wound- 
ed bark from curling up and drying. If the buds 
appear plump and 60und after they have been in- 
serted a fortnight, it is fair to conclude that they 
have "taken." With this brief description and 
the engravings, one can make a few trial experiments 
on worthless twigs and then go to work with a good 
chance of success. Label all budded trees and 
make a record of them to avoid future trouble. 
*-•- — »— *-m- 
Agricultural Exhibitions in 1864. 
State Fairs, etc. 
New England Springfield Sep. 6— 9 
4nt. Pom. Society Rochester, N. Y.. ■• 13 
Ohio Columbus -15—18 
New York Rochester ■■ 20—23 
Wool Growers' Convention Rochester '" 21 
Wisconsin Janesville " 26 — 30 
Upper Canada Hamilton " 26-30 
Pennsylvania Easton " 27—30 
County Pairs. 
VERMONT. 
Chittenden Co Burlington Sep. 27—28 
CONNECTICUT. 
Fairfield Co NorwaLk Sep. 27— 30 
NEW YORK. 
Putnam Co Carmel Sep. 16—18 
Olsego Co Unadilla Sep. 27—28 
NEW JERSEY. 
Burlington Co Ml. Holly Oct. 4— 5 
PENNSYLVANIA. 
Bucks Co Newtown Sep. 27—28 
Luzerne Co Wyoming Oct. 5—7 
OHIO. 
Richland Co Mansfield Sep. 7—9 
INDIANA. 
Fayette Co Connersville Sep. 6—9 
Lapot te Co Laporte Oct. 12—14 
ILLINOIS. 
Kankakee Co Kankakee City Sep. 7—9 
Cumberland Co Majority Point.Sep.29 -Oct.l 
Monroe Co Waterloo Oct. 12— 14 
New York Live Stock Market. — 
Beef Cattle. — Average weekly receipts 4,317, much 
the same as last month. In our last report the decline 
of prices from the extraordinary rates they had reached, 
was noticed; the market continued to fall for two weeks, 
showing a depreciation of 1 fa) 3c. per lb. The third 
week — "'Fourth of July week" — the supply was limited 
and prices advanced fully lc. the prospects indicating 
still further rise; but the past week the weather was 
hot, the market was heavily stocked, closing dull, and 
sales slow ; prices falling off about I c. on the 
lower qualities of cattle, but much less on the belter 
grades. Prices stoo I at about \1 ,(a) 18c. per lb. for prime 
bullocks, dressed ; medium to gooa 14c. ta~> 16>£c: very 
thin and common from 10c. fat ]" l ic. These figures show 
a material falling off from the prices quoted in last 
month's Agriculturist. The Cattle market at present 
seems to he almost wholly ruled by the supply, and this 
is to a considerable extent controlled by speculators, and 
to a remarkable degree Independent of the constant 
fluctuation and rapid rise of the gold market, and the ad- 
vance of many articles of merchandise. 
rHilch Cows. — The arrivals average 156 per 
week. — a falling off of 31 head from the averages of last 
month. Our last report indicated a decline. Some of 
the distilleries have been closed, and a« these take many 
of the cows brought to this market, there is now still less 
call for them, and sellers say there Is a decline of $10 fa) 
$15 per heal since prices be^an to fall. We quote poor 
common cows at $20 to) $35: good $50 (a) 65 ; really prime 
and fancy cows $80 @ $100. 
Veal Calves. — The weekly average supply 
has been 1,725. not including those sold direct to butchers. 
Prices are not quite so good as quoted last month. Prime 
veals quote at about 11 c. live weight, from this to lOJ^c. 
18) 7c. <3> 6c. for good to thin : erass fed $7.50 fa) $8 (S $12 
etc. per nead, according to quality and weight. 
Sheen and Lambs.— The weekly receipts 
average 12.672. about double those of last month. Prices 
have fluctuated ditrinc the month, hut have not been as 
high as the c'osing fieures of our lasl report. Shorn sheep 
on the 12:h inst. rated at about fie. fa) filtfe. for common ; 
7}£c. fa) 7%c. for good, while selected ones would prob- 
ably bring fully 8c., live weight. Lambs rate 9c. O 12c. 
I>ive Hogg, — The weekly average is 13,515, 
— more than 1,000 greater lltan last month. The receipts 
have Increased each week of the past three, being 8,000 
heavier the last week of the month than the first; this 
we attribute to ihe high prices. Speculation has been 
active in Ihe pork trade, and this has quickened the hog- 
rnarket. Hr.gs advanced for the three firs! weeks includ- 
ed in our report, but the last week there was less firm- 
ness, some erades showins an advance, while others ex- 
hibited a decline. Pork on the 13th was considerably 
lower, and indications favor a decline in hogs, yet it is 
unsafe to predict anything in limes of such commercial 
excitement. The quotations below show an advance of 
2c. (a) 21£o. per lb., live weight, over prices quoted last 
month, and 3c. (a) 3%c. over those of two months ago. 
Prime corn-fed rate at \\% (a) UXc. live weight; medi- 
um at lie. fa) llj^c; light and fat lie. © ll>£c.; still-fed 
10%c. fa) lie. 
Containing a great variety of Items, including many 
good Hints and Suggestions which we give in small type 
and condensed form, for want of space elsewhere. 
The Strawberry Distribution will 
commence about the last of this month and proceed as 
rapidly aspossible. (See last page.) Instructions for care 
of plants, and propagating from them as rapidly as possible 
are given on page 242. Arrangements should be mftle 
beforehand by those who go to the Post Office only once 
or twice a month, as is sometimes Ihe case, to go oftener 
or to have Ihe plant given by the Postmaster to soire neigh- 
bor who will deliver it at once, for though il is probable the 
plants will live a fortnight out of the ground, they will do 
the better the sooner they are planted. 
Note about Strawberries. — Some ot 
our subscribers misunderstand the conditions of the 
strawberry distribution by mail, and apply fur the plants 
without sending the 5 cents. Of course we can not send 
them, and they may be disappointed. 
Lessons from the Drouth.— In review- 
ing his own agricultural experience the writer Is confi- 
dent that he has learned more salutary lessons from 
drouths, and cold wet spells, from mistakes and blunders 
of his own and of others, than from the greatest successes. 
So not only may these dry seasons be productive of good 
In destroying insect life, and favorably changing the 
character of the soil, to a certain extent, giving opporlu- 
nities to drain etc.. but we may all take lessons in deep 
plowing and working of (he soil. Not one single really 
deeply worked field or plot of ground have we seen 
which was suffering at all from drouth. The corn stands, 
dark green, strong and thrifty, next to fields of poor, 
little, yellow shrivelled, curley-leaved specimens, wdiich 
do not now look as if they would relurn the seed. Grain, 
clover, and fields of other crops look about the same. 
Well enriched soil, utiderd rained and plowed 10 Inches 
deep will stand almost any droulh. 
The Agricultural Exhibitions this 
fall promise to be spirited and will be successful If 
encouraged as they deserve. We write to urge farmers 
to sustain them, not merely because the officers in charge 
deserve this appreciation of their labors— often perplexing, 
severe and wholly uneqttited— but for the sake of the 
farmers' own interest. Improvement In breeds of stock, 
varieties of produce, implements, and other agricultural 
matters are broueht directly under the observation of 
those most Interested, by means of these annual gather- 
ings. A visit of an hour, properly improved, may result 
in more pecuniary profit to a farmer, than months of hard 
labor. For example, a eenlleman at such an exhibition, 
n few years since, noticed a sample of what appeared to 
he a superior variety of rye. He procured a small quanti- 
ty of seed, and from its produce, realized hundreds of 
dollars of clear profit, by sellins it for seed to eager pur- 
chasers In his own neighborhood. The Inventive and 
mechanical world are wide awake, and the farmer must 
be so too if he would avail himself of the aid they are 
bringing within his reach. A single Improveii Implement 
may save the cost of one or two hired men in a season. 
Illustrations might be multiplied, from every denartroent 
of agricultural Industry. Let work and business he ar- 
ranged for attending the "Fair", with the understanding 
that it is one of the indispensable appointments of the 
year— as much as a call frotn Ihe Provost-marshal. Uncle 
Sam needs skillful men in the field of culture as well as 
the field of battle; turn out then on review days. 
Turnips or Carrots for Fattening 
Cattle.— "Mlchlgander" asks, which Is best ? Carrots 
