1861] 
AMERICAN AQTirCUT/rURIST. 
QR7 
bnges sown InSepI lerot October, are planted out In 
at cold frame when about two Inches high and treated In 
the same manner. — A Pit is prepared byexcv 
the earth to n depth of from two to alx reet,nceordl 
the size- of the plants; a frame of simit plank is then 
buUtupwIlhln this. Thepll should be of a width and 
length lo uccommo lale several ordinary hot-bed sashes. 
The planking should be about a foot higher on the rear 
i koi on the froi oril i lo give the s;ish ilio prop- 
er Slope. The edges of (ho plank frame are lo be bev- 
elled In order to make a olose mint, and all the arrange- 
ments for supporting the sash the same as in an ordinal y 
h»l bed. It will be found much cheaper la Ihe end to 
make a permanent structure by walling up the pll with 
upon which a frame of joist to receive 
the sash Is laid in mortar. The portion of the lining 
h ove ground, whether of plank, stone, or brick Is lobe 
i! eely banked up with earth, and it is belter to turf it to 
prevent washing. If the pit is not in a very dry sandy 
spot, provision must be made for drainage. The bottom 
of tire pit may be covered with sawdust, tnnbark, or 
even coal ashes, in which to immerse the pots. Roses, 
camellias, the more hardy fuchsias, cauliflowers in pots, 
anJ many other plants may be kept through the winter 
In a pit of this kind, observing the precautions regarding 
air, light ami protection mentioned above. Mice are 
often troublesome and must be trapped or poisoned. 
Dried Pumpkins and Squashes.— 
An old-fashioned but not a bad way to dry these fruits is 
lo remove the rind, then cut them in cross-slices of about 
half an Inch thick. forming rims, and suspend them in 
warm, dry places near the fire ; or running a pole of suita- 
ble length through many of them, to place them in a mod- 
erately hot oven, after ihe bread is removed. The heat 
should, be not enough to cook, but only lo dry them. 
The Crops over alio Whole Country . 
— Taking a general view of crops of grain, grass, roots, 
fruits, dairy products, and purely commercial crops, this 
year bids fair to prove one of great prosperity to the hus- 
bandman. There is no old corn at the West; the new 
crop, on the whole, large but backward in some sections. 
S ii gluim promises a line yield so far as we have intelli- 
e. The tobacco crop is reported not quite so large 
mmon. The amount of (lax raised is large, and the 
k of beans and peas much increased over former 
Tin- potato crop has not been much uflccted by 
I b rot, and there is a full supply. Other rools promise 
well. Frosts hold otT generally up to the time we go to 
p ess. Eastern markets have never been better supplied 
with orchard fruits, especially peaches and plums. Win- 
ter apples, however, appear ranch earlier than common 
in market, in such numbers, that we may confidently ex- 
pect Ihere will be a scarcity before the close of Winter. 
New England Agricultural Society Fair. 
Owing to several circumstances, we have been disap- 
pointed in not heing able to personally visit many of the 
f.iiis. The more important have been very successful 
and well attended. The first fair of the New England 
\ . , i i:u: i! SuLJety drew together, at Springfield, Mass., 
a great cuncourse of people, among them many of the 
be-l fanners of New England and other States. The 
show, on the whole, was fine ; but the cattle men and 
real farmers were slighted, and crowded one side by the 
horse-show; trotting horses " won the money,*' and ab- 
sorbed the interest of the crowd of spectators. Short- 
horns. Devons and Ayrshires were well represented, 
but the AUlerneys made an inferior show. Swine, 
very meagre. There were, however, fine representations 
from some of the best Eastern flocks of fine wool, and 
other sheep. We arc constrained to say that such a body 
as the New England Agricultural Society should not by 
the offer of premiums, and by all other means, secure the 
presence of horses noted for speed, in order to attract a 
crowd and fill its treasury. The thing is foreign to the 
interests of the farmer — in fact our stock of horses has 
been deteriorated by this trotting business, to say nothing 
of the morals of our sons. 
—■ -«■ -.. 
Constitution of a Farmers' Club. 
AitT. I. The name and title of this association shall be 
"The Schashticoke Farmers' Club," (do not call it "Union 
Agricultural Society,"), and its objects are to disseminate 
a knowledge of good farming among its members, to af- 
ford a means of distributing seeds, grafts, cuttings, and 
the like, to collect statistics of agricultural matters, to 
discuss all topics affecting the prosperity of its members 
as fanners, viz.. markets, crops, agricultural laws, etc. 
Art. II. All inhabitants of the village of Schnghticoke, 
or vicinity, may be members of the Club, by attending 
its meetings, but ouly those contributing $1 or more 
rearly, shall have ■ voice In using or disposing of the 
property or funds of the club, directly or Indlreclly. 
Anr. ill. The officers of the Club shall beaChali 
man and Vlce-Chairman, selected at eacl itlng foi 
the next. A Scetelary (who may also bo the Treasni' i I 
shall be elected not oftener thin at every fourth meet- 
ing, and shall serve till another Is appointed. The 
Secretary shall in addition to the ordinary duties of such 
:m iillii'cr. be the I ,-| -ihlo business m.'ill of tin- ( 'bib, 
having charge of the funds or other properly of the 
Club, and lepuiiing regularly, at least annually or at the 
close of his term of otticc. 
Art. IV. The Prnmers and Signers of this Constitu- 
tion may by a two-lhirds vote, add to their own number 
such persons as they may elect, anil two-thirds of Ihese 
if present at any meeting, may also by a two-thirds vote, 
alter or add to this Constitution, or frame by-laws, etc. 
— • — —««>»- _». 
The American Pomological Society. 
•■ — 
The Biennial Session of this Society commenced at 
Rochester, N. Y., Sept. 13. One of our Associates who 
is present, writes: "The attendance is quite large, 
(here being delegates from nearly every loyal Stale. 
Doet. J. A. Warder, of Ohio, Vice-President, occu- 
pies the chair— the President, Col. Wilder, of Bo-ton, 
being prevented from attending. He is re-elected 
President, with a large number of Vice-Presidents, and 
James Vick, Rochester, N. Y., Secretary. Among well- 
known pomologists present, we notice Warder, Bateham, 
Campbell, and Bceler, of Ohio. ; Edwards, and Muir, of 
Mo. ; Knox, and Drecr, of Pa. : Sanders, of D. C. ; 
Hovey, of Mass. ; Downing, Carpenter, Field, Mead, 
and others, of Eastern N. Y., and many from Rochester, 
and Western N. Y. The discussions thus far have been 
mainly confined to grapes, and have shown an earnest- 
ness to get at facts, with little of the loose talk that 
too often characterizes such meetings. There is a good 
show of fruit, but it is mainly from the extensive Nur- 
series around Rochester. The display of grapes is in- 
teresting, as there are specimens of many sorts not gen- 
erally cultivated. The grape show, as a whole, is In- 
ferior to that held at the Office of the American Agricul- 
turist last year, and there were on the Tables at our 
Office, when I left, far better specimens of Delaware and 
Concord, than are shown here. My notes on the grapes 
and othei fruits can not reach you in time for the October 
number." The next Biennial Meeting (1660) is appointed 
for St. Louis, Mo. 
Agricultural Exhibitions in October. 
New Brunswick. Frederickton, Oct. 4—7. 
Maine. York Co., John Hansome, Sec. , at Saco and 
Biddeford, 11—13. 
New Hampshire. Merrimac River Associatisn, 
V. C. Gilman, Prest., Nashua, 5—6. 
Vermont. Connecticut Valley, Bradford, 4—6. 
Massachusetts. Bristol Co., Taunton, 4: Berk- 
shire Co., Pittsfield, 4 1 Hampden Co., Springfield, 4; 
Barnstable Co., Barnstable, 4—5 ; Hampshire, Frank- 
lin and Hampden Cos., Northampton, 6; Worcester Co. 
Soulh, Sturbridge, 6 ; Plymouth, L. Keith, Sec, Bridge- 
water, 6—7 ; Hampden Co. East, PaLmer, 11 : Hampshire, 
Amherst, 13; Martha's Vineyard, West Tisbury, 18. 
Rhode Island Horticultural Society Grape Show, 
C. F. Phillips, Committee, Providence; time? 
Connecticut. Greenwoods. Winsted, 5—6 ; Mid- 
dlesex, Mfddletown, 5 — 6. 
New York. Chautauqua Co., Fredonia, 4—6; 
Lewis Co., Turin, 4—6 ; Otsego Co., H. H. Hooker, Sec., 
Cooperstown.5— 6; Queens Co., Jamaica. 5—6 ; Dryden, 
at Dryden, 5—7; S. Snyder. Sec., half proceeds to San. 
and Chris. Commissions; Wilson, Porter and Newfane, 
at Wilson. Niagara Co., 6—7 ; Orange Co.. Goshen, 4—6; 
Westchester Co., White Plains, 11—12; Tompkins Co., 
Ithaca, 11—12; Brockport Union, Brockport, Oct. 19. 
New Jersey. Burlington, Mount Holly, 4— 5; War- 
ren County, Belvidere, 4—7 ; Egg Harbor City, 6—7. 
Pennsylvania. Luzerne Co., Wyoming, 5 7; 
Crawford Co., E. L. Litchfield, Sec, Conneautville, 5—7 ; 
Susquehanna Co., Harford, 4—6 ; Indiana Co.. Indiana, 
4—6; Union Ag'l Ass'n, Burgettstown, Wash. Co., 6—7. 
Ohio. Medina Co., Medina, 3—5 ; Butler Co., Ham- 
ilton, 4—7; Lorain Co., Elyria, 4—7; Mahoning Co., 
Youngstown, 4—7 ; Morrow Co., Mt. Gilead 5—7 ; Union 
Co.. Marysville, 5—7 ; Muskingum Co., Zanesville, 6—9 ; 
Fayette, Washington, 7—9 ; Richland, Mansfield, 7—9. 
Indiana. Laporte Co., Laporte, 12— 14. 
Illinois. Stephenson Co., Freepoit, 4— 7; Washing- 
ton Co., Nashville, 5—7 ; DeWitt Co.. Clinton. 5— S ; Ver- 
million, Callin, 11—14; Morgan, Jacksonville, 12— 14 : 
Henry Co., Cambridge, 4—7; J. Calvin Edwards, Sec. 
Michigan. Kalamazoo Co.. Frank Little, Sec, 
Kalamazoo 6 — 8 ; Clinlon Co., 5, and Johns, 6—7 ; 
Wisconsin. Vt son Co., Vlroqua, Wm. B. I'ur- 
dy, Secretary, i-b. [own County, Dndgevllle, 14— 14, 
Kansas, Bourbon County, at Fort Scott, ii-16. 
Canada. North Ontario, K. !>.. P -•, n. 
Exhibition Table* at the Office of 
the American Agriculturist. 
Tin- following articles have been placed on our tables 
for exhibition since our last report ■ 
Fruits.— Appla : Siberian Crab: Mr. KIssam, Ji 
City, N. J ...Summei Harvest and Summer Queen ; Dr. 
I. M. Ward, Newark, ft. J....SafTolk Beauty ; H. A. A 
E. L. Brown. Deer Park, L. I Summer Porter; B, 
Williams, m. mt Clair, N. J....Kelsey, Golden Pippin, 
Fall Pippin, Gravensteln, and Waxen: P. II. Asliton, 
Mtddletown, Conn ...Maiden's Blush and Summer Pip- 
pin; E. F. Fowler, South East, N. Y Fall Pippin, 
fine ; Mr. Jackson, Sing Sing, N. Y Pears : 11- - 
of Wiirtemburg, Doyenne Boussock, Barllctt, William 
the Fourth, and White Duyenne ; J. Van Brunt, Fort 
Hamilton, L. I Ravenswood, original. ;i n d on Quince ; 
C. F. Erhard, Ravenswood, N. Y French Jargonelle 
and Osband's Summer; W. S. Carpenter, Rye. N. Y 
Osband's Summer, J. Van Brunt, Fort Hamilton, 
N. Y Grapes: Concord; William King. Penh 
Ambny, N. J.. Logan and Hartford Prolific; Dr. 
Hollick, Statcn Island, N. Y illen's Hybrid, and 
Iona; Dr. C. W. Grant, Pecksklll. N. Y Con- 
cord, and Delaware, fine ; James Keeley, Paranus, 
N.J .. Seedlings; F. W. Louden , T. BliggS, Schaghll- 
coke, N. Y.; Win. Underbill. Charlton. N. Y . . .Hartford 
Prolific, and Concord ; P.H. Ashton, Mlddlelown, Conn. 
Delaware and Concord, finest; VanWyck* Johnston ; 
Fishkill, N. Y Grape blossoms and small fruit, sec- 
ond growth; A. W. M. Hume. Manbatlanville, N. Y 
Other Fruits: Bolmar's Washington Plums; Samuel 
Cooper, Tompkinsvillc, N, Y.... Cut-Leaved Blackber- 
ries, fine ; John Cole, Tompkinsvillc, N. Y... Newing- 
ton Nectarine tree, In pot, on almond stock, in full bear- 
ing ; Lewis Schmidt, gardener to James Brown. Clifton, 
N. Y.... Figs, very fine: Henry-Miller, East New Fork 
... New Rocbelle Blackberries; Geo. Warner, Bloom- 
Ingdale, N. Y., John Cole, Tompkinsvillc, N. Y., and 
C. S. Pell, N. Y. Orphan As\ luiil. . : . . Wild Black- 
berrles; W. It. Field, Mounl Hope, N. Y . Crown 
Bob Gooseberries; John Hunter, shark River, N. J. 
Floweus.— Beautiful Bouquets of Grasses, Japan Lil- 
ies, Roses, Tuberoses. Balsams, etc, . .Miss M. A. Coitcl- 
you, Westfield, N. Y., lo whom our tables are Indl Me I 
for many embellishments during Ihe whole season 
Japan Lilies, Carnations, Dahlias, and Tuberoses . C. S. 
Pell, N. Y. Orphan Asylum. ... French Asters, fine; G. 
Craft, N. Y. City ...Night-blooming Ccrous, Lemon Ver- 
benas, and Rose Geraniums; Mr. Cummlngs, Westches- 
ter Co., N. Y — Gladiolus, and Asters, fine collection; 
C. II. Lillicnthal, Yonkers, N. Y... .Double Balsams'; 
W. W. Denslow, High Bridge, N. Y.... Double Sunflow- 
ers; Mrs. W. B. Young. Mlddlelown, N. J Bilbergia 
Leopoldii in bloom ; Dr. Peyton, Soulh Bergen, N. J... 
Dahlias, fine show ; C. S. Pell, N. Y. Orphan Asylum.. 
Large Sunflower; E. Dutcher, Blauveltvillc, N. Y 
Orchids, Stanhopea occulata, and S. saccata, and splendid 
Double Zinnias ; Isaac Buchanan, Astoria Bouquet of 
Cut-flowers; E. C. Chateneuf, Williams' Bridge, N. V... 
Fine Seedling Phloxes : E. G. Burgess, Jersey City. N. J. 
Veoetabi.es, etc— Fine Buckeye Potatoes ; James 
Holbrow, Walden, N. Y. Tomatoes; Louis A. Bene, 
Tremont, N. Y., John Cole, Tompkinsvillc N. Y.. Deaf 
and Dumb Institute, New- York City, and G. M. Usher, 
Port Richmond, N. Y . . . . Teasels, fine ; W. J. Townsend, 
Skanealeles, N. Y Northern Iowa Corn, from Win- 
neshiek Co., Iowa Early Potatoes ; Wm. Cox, West 
Hoboken, N. Y — Red and Yellow Onions ; D.C.Ryder 
Sing Sing, N. Y Prairie Seedling Potato ; W. S. Car- 
penter. Rye, N. Y Chinese Sugar Cane ; P. H. Asliton, 
Middletown, Conn Blue Stem Wheat, very fine. 54 
inches high ; David Young, Oyster Bay, N. Y Chess 
(Bromus Secaiinus); Win. Lalor, Geneva, N. Y. ..Ca- 
nadian Winter Barley, 56 heads, 1,500 kernels, fiom one 
seed; W. H. Lester. Dobbs Ferry, N. Y Winter 
Wheat from California Seed ; James Thompson. Bask- 
ing Ridge. N. J Potaloes, Early Cottage. Shaw, Sa- 
maritan, Buckeye and Algiers; W S. Carpenter, Rye, 
N. Y... .Large Purple Egg Plant; W. P. Robinsoni 
English Neighborhood, N. J Fejee Tomatoes; Jlr. 
Sussdorf, Woodside, N. Y. 
Miscellaneous. — Rebel Shell and Solid Shot which 
struck near Mr. O. Judd, before Petersburg, Va Toma- 
to Worms covered with cocoons of Ichneumon fly ; Nest 
of young Robins, one perfectly while ; C. S. Haley, New- 
market, N. J — Tarantula Spider, very large, from St. 
Domingo. W. I.; T. H. O'Donogbue New-York City. 
....Hen's Egg. 2'i ox.; George F. Gantz, Tubby Hook, 
N. Y Bantam Hen's Egg; John A. Scolt, Mt. Vernun 
N. Y Shark's teeth, etc., found in a marl pit, 20 
feet below the surface ; John Hunter, Shark River, N. J. 
