332 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[December, 
Xlie Yeddo Grape. — Several persons 
have asked about this variety, concerning which there 
were such great expectations. The vines of Messrs. 
Parsons, of Flushing, L. I., did not fruit this year. 
Those belonging to Dr. Hall, who first introduced the 
vines into this country, made a show of fruiting, but be- 
ing in an unfavorable situation did not perfect their fruit. 
Mr. Saunders, of the U. S. Propagating Gardens at 
Washington, exhibited a specimen at the meeting of the 
Pomological Society, at Rochester, Sept. 13th. The 
bunch was long and loose, with berries about the size of 
a large Delaware. At that time they were just begin- 
ning to color, and no opinion could be formed of their 
quality. Mr. S., we believe, is pleased with the growth 
of the vine, and considers that it is a variety of much 
promise. Doubtless some years of trial will be required 
to fully determine the actual merits of the Yeddo. 
The Pomological Society's Pro- 
ceedings.— " F. A. S., " St. Louis, Mo. It is impossi- 
ble to publish these in detail as they would occupy the 
whole paper. All interested in Pomology should become 
members of this society, which they can do by sending 
$2 to the Treasurer, Thomas P. James, of Philadelphia. 
Membership entitles one to a copy of the transactions. 
Grapes in a JPoul try Blouse.—" W. K. 
D.," North Reading, Mass., having built a poultry house 
with walls of sods and a glazed roof, asks if he could not 
grow Black Hamburgh grapes in it. Undoubtedly if he 
will only take sufficient pains. His roof is 9 feet long, 
and would accommodate two vines. The border must 
be prepared before winter. The roof should not be at a 
less angle than 45°, and provision is to be made for ven- 
tilation above and below. By taking Chorlton's Grape 
Growers' Guide, and following its suggestions, we can 
conceive that much interesting amusement and some 
good fruit may be realized from such a structure. Of 
course the poultry must go out when the vines start. 
Osiers for a Grape Trellis.— W. B. 
Waldo has an abundance of osier willow of rank growth, 
and wishes to know if he cannot use it instead of wire in 
making a trellis on Mr. Fuller's plan. (August Agri- 
culturist, 1863, p. 244.) The idea seems so feasible that 
it is certainly worth trying, and we have little doubt of 
its success. The osiers would be rendered more dura- 
ble by soaking in a solution of blue vitriol, or by covering 
them with thin coal tar. We shall feel much interest in 
the results of this experiment when made, and hope Mr. 
Waldo will communicate them for the benefit of others. 
A JLong- Vine. — C. A. W. "Warner, Mahoning 
Co., 0., sends us the measurement of a volunteer citron- 
melon vine which came up in his garden. The total length 
of-the main vine and branches was 381 feet, and it pro- 
duced a little over 41 lbs. of fruit. Mr. Warner gives a 
very complete and interesting measurement of all the 
different parts of the vine, for which we have not room. 
Propagating Grapes. — T. Wheeler and 
others. The Delaware does not propagate readily in 
the open air. If disposed to give atrial, make the cuttings 
of two eyes at once, and bury them for the winter below 
reach of frequent freezing and thawing, and set out in a 
moist pi ace when the ground is warm. A portion will grow, 
with good management. The Iona and especially 
the Concord grow readily in open air. See Calendar. 
A Winter Pear Wanted.— Dr. W. 
Camp, Hartford Co., Conn. Try the Lawrence, described 
on page 345. The varieties mentioned have not been 
very extensively cultivated. The Josephine de Malines 
has to be quite old before it bears well. The Belle Wil- 
liams is a very large winter pear, which promises well. 
Hardy Apples for tlie Effort It and 
North west. — Frequent inquiries are made as to what 
varieties are hardy in the colder portions of the West- 
ern States. Many live far from nurseries, and are in the 
main obliged to buy of traveling agents, who have very 
little knowledge of varieties, and can not often be relied 
upon to furnish trees of the kind they contract to de- 
liver. The following list of varieties is furnished to 
the American Agriculturist at our request, by a gentle- 
man who has tested them in Northern Illinois, in about 
the latitude of Chicago. This list includes none but 
what were perfectly hardy there. As far as the reports 
of the Pomological Society and other statistics go, a 
good portion of these have been found to succeed in 
Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota. Lists of those known 
to be hardy in those States are desired. Our correspond- 
ent found the R. I. Greening. Baldwin and Northern Spy 
very long in coming into bearing and not satistactory. 
His advice is to try these three varieties sparingly, if at 
all, and to reject the Esopus Spitzenberg altogether: 
Summer.— American Summer Pearmain, Carolina Red 
June, Early Harvest, Golden Sweeting, productive and 
usually fair; Keswick {English) Codlin, very early 
bearer, productive, has good flavor for cooking before 
August. It is ripe and fair for eating about the last of 
September ; one of the very best for cooking ; sells 
high ; profitable. Williams' Favorite, productive, early. 
Autumn.— Drap d'Or; Paragon (Downing's) Sweet; 
Dutchess of Oldenburg, fine looking, early, constant and 
abundant bearer, some esteem it for eating, but better 
for cooking; Hawthornden, dwarfish, early bearer, very 
productive, of good size and almost uniformly fair, very 
acid ; for cooking or drying ; if not well fed or the fruit 
thinned, it may soon fail from overbearing; maybe 
planted very closely ; profitable for market because so 
fair; Jersey Sweeting; Late Strawberry; Lyscom. 
Winter.— Belmont j Campfteld, sweet, for cider, pro- 
ductive ; Dan vers Winter Sweet; Golden Russet of 
Western New York, bears early, productive ; Fameuse ; 
Snow Apple, (Pomme de Neige,) excellent when well 
developed, bears abundantly, and needs rich soil and 
good culture ; Ladies Sweeting, productive, very good ; 
Limber Twig, small, good flavor, keeps well.— Monmouth 
Pippin ; Mother, superior ; of Spitzenberg family , 
Ramsdell's Sweet, very productive ; Rawle's Janet, late 
keeping, flowers late ; Talman's Sweeting ; West field 
Seek-no-further ; White Bellflower, very hardy and pro- 
ductive ; Willow Twig, long keeper ; Winesap, small, 
but early bearing, productive and very long keeping, has 
been kept past the 4th of July, sound, and with well-pre- 
served flavor, must be well manured and cultivated; 
Yellow Bellflower, not productive. 
Replanting Old Orchards. —"J. F. S." 
asks if it would do to plant young trees in the places 
where old ones have died and decayed. We should pre- 
fer to cultivate a few years with well-manured crops, 
using lime or ashes, before setting new trees. Better 
give up the old orchard and start anew on fresh land. 
Seeds tfbr\FrnIt Stocks. — O. Moffat and 
others. All the large dealers sell seeds of those raised in 
this manner. Dwarfing stocks for apple and pear are 
raised from stools, and not from seed. They may be had 
of the larger nursery establishments and importers. See 
advertisement of C. Raoux, in the present number. 
Peaches and Small Fruits in I>ela- 
ware, — A. correspondent at Frederica, Del., writes that 
from 2,600 peach trees, 4 years old, he marketed and can- 
ned 5,000 baskets, fed 500 baskets to hogs, and that about 
500 went to waste for want of facilities for getting them 
to market. Strawberries do well, and for the past three 
years he has annually marketed 7,000 to 9,000 quarts. 
Grapes do not succeed with him. 
Moses front Seed. — A. E. Ronse, "Wood- 
ford County, 111. The seed is kept in sand through the 
winter and sowed in pots or boxes in spring. The young 
plants are potted as soon as they have made three or four 
leaves beyond the seed leaves. After they have grown in 
small pots for about a month they are put out in a nicely 
prepared bed. It is hadly worth -while for amateurs to 
take this method to procure plants, as perhaps not more 
than one seedling in a thousand will be worth growing. 
Good established sorts are easily raised from cuttings. 
Protecting Strawberry Reds. — M. 
S. F., Ludlow, O., lays cornstalks parallel with the rows, 
and then spreads over them a covering of leaves. In the 
spring the stalks are removed, and the leaves are left as 
a mulch, and to keep the fruit from being soiled. In pro- 
tecting with any material, the crowns of the plants 
should be lightly covered. The main object is to keep the 
soil around the roots from sudden thawing and freezing. 
Rrying: Kilil "Wanted. — We have several 
inquiries for the best kiln for drying fruit. Will those hav- 
ing such in operation send us drawings and descriptions ? 
Xlie lon.i Grape.— B. H. Eldridge, Tippe- 
canoe Co., Indiana. The Iona is of a fine wine color, 
something like the Catawba, and with a beautiful bloom. 
Allen's Hybrid is the best white variety that has been 
thoroughly tested, though it mildews in some localities. 
Strawberry Cattery — Fruiting un- 
der (Glass. — To several inquirers. The tl Agri- 
culturist Strawberry " is a "perfect" plant, bearing both 
stamens and pistils, and needs no other variety near 
it. — Last winter we built a bed inside the green-house, 
and set out fifty plants. These appeared green and vig- 
orous and the crowns increased somewhat, but no run- 
ners were started. In February the heat was increased, 
and the plants were in full bloom for several weeks, 
but no fruit set. We began to fear there had been some 
mistake about the plants being perfect ones, especially as 
upon a causal glance no stamens were visible. A closer 
examination with a magnifying glass proved the presence 
of minute undeveloped stamens. This fact, together 
with the full fruiting at the usual season of all the plants 
in the open ground where I)i acres were grown, wilh no 
others near, proved,that the influence of the glass, or of 
the confined unnaturally warmed air prevented the full de. 
velopment of the stamens. Have others noted this phe- 
nomenon with strawberry plants growing under glass? 
Xlie Sheldon Pear.-M. H. Smith, of 
Wayne Co., N. V., states that we gave the wrong town 
as the place where this originated. He states that there 
are two trees on the farm of Norman Sheldon in Huron, 
Wayne Co., N. Y., from which he ate fruit 32 years ago. 
Surface Manuring* of Pear Trees. 
G. W. J. Kellogg, Rock Co.. 111. Coarse manure applied 
in the spring, at the time the rains come on, wastes but 
little. The soluble matters are washed into the soil, 
and the litter that remains is an excellent mulch. 
Knotty Pears.— S. Balsiger, Madison Co., 
111., complains that his pears or quinces grow knotty. 
Try surface manuring and a free thinning of the fruit. 
Wormy Apples and Manuring- Or- 
chards.,— "A. M. D, » Waterville, Me. If one par- 
ticular variety always has its fruit altacked you must 
either contrive to trap the moths before they lay their 
eggs, or graft the tree over with some fruit which they 
are not so partial to. There is no remedy after the egg 
is laid. In winter or early spring spread a good coating 
of coarse manure around the tree as far as the roots ex- 
tend ; a little heaped around the trunk does no good. 
The feeding roots go about as far as the branches. 
Evergreens from Seed* — T. Welsh, of 
Athens Co., O., finds that his seedling evergreens die 
when they get one or two inches high, and thinks that 
there must be some secret about raising them. The only 
"secret" we know is to shade the young plants properly, 
say with a screen made of lath laid an inch apart, to break 
the full sun's rays. If they show signs of "damping 
off", "give a free sprinkling of dry sand over the plants. 
Osage Orange Seed in Illinois.— A 
correspondent of the Scientific American writes from 
Springfield, 111., that the hedges in that portion of the 
State were uninjured by the severe cold of last winter. 
He states that the old hedges have borne an abundnnee 
of fruit, which has been bought up for the purpose of ob- 
taining the seed, and that home raised seed has proved 
more reliable than that formerly procured from Texas. 
Osage Orange from Root Cuttings. 
Jas. H. Moore, Louisa Co., Iowa, cut roofs in pieces 
3 inches long, and planted in well prepared soil, 8 inches 
apart, and \% inches deep. In about three weeks each 
piece of root made 2 or 3 shoots, and though a mole de- 
stroyed all the plants, they grew to be 4 or 5 inches high, 
and he has no doubt of the success of this method. 
Hedges from Native Thorns.— Sever- 
al inquirers. Our thorns will make a hedge, but their 
foliage generally gets dull soon, and drops early in au- 
tumn, hence they are not so well adapted to the purpose 
as many other plants. The cockspur thorn has the 
thickest and most glossy foliage of our native kinds. 
Gather the fruit when dead ripe, wash out the seeds and 
sow at once or keep in sand till spring. Thev often 
are a year or more in germinating. 
The Hawthorn for Hedges.— W. M. 
Beauchamp, Onondaga County, N. Y., asks why agricul- 
tural journals are " so set against the European Thorn" 
for hedges. We can answer only for one journal, and 
say that we are not "set" against this thorn any fur- 
ther than that we do not believe it adapted to general 
cultivation in our climate. In most localities it drops its 
leaves in time of drouth. As Mr. B. says that this is 
wholly owing to mismanagement— will he have the kind- 
ness to communicate his management and experience ? 
Thorns from Seed.— S. M. Cheney. If the 
seeds are planted as soon as ripe, some of them may 
crime up next year, many more will grow the year after, 
and some stragglers will not appear till the third year. 
An Evergreen Screen.— Mr. Fare, Lake 
County, 111., finds his garden too much exposed to the 
highway, and wishes to plant a screen. Nothing is better 
for this than Norway Spruce. We would never plant 
any other tree with it in a hedge. It makes a dense 
screen, grows rapidly, and mav be trimmed freely. 
Tree for a River Rank.— A. W. Curtis, 
Green county, Wis., is troubled by the washing of hia 
