164r 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[May, 
ing. If allowed to get tall enough to fall over, they 
do not climb readily. Sow for a late crop. 
Peppers. — Treat the same as Egg-Plant. 
Mhubarb. — Plants set this spring should not be 
gathered from. Pull— not cut — the leaves from old 
plants. They come off readily with a sidewise pull. 
Spinach. — Weed aud hoe the early planted, and 
60W for later. For summer spinach, sow the New 
Zealand when the soil is warm, and the Spinach 
Beet, early. Both are excellent. 
Sweet Potatoes. — The directions for field culture 
on page 175, will in the main answer for the garden. 
We prefer to grow them on well manured ridges. 
Set the plants well down to the first leaf, and 
should they be injured by frost, they will start anew. 
If the ridges have not heen freshly made, use wa- 
ter in the boles at planting. 
Squashes. — Bush kinds started under glass may 
be set out. Sow in the open ground when warm 
enough. Make bills for bush sorts 4 feet eacli way. 
For Boston Marrow, 8 feet, and for Hubbard, 10 
feet. Make the hills rich, and for the running 
sorts the rest of the soil rich also, as they root at 
the joints of the vine. 
■ Tomatoes. — Put out wheu danger of frost is over. 
In field culture the vines are allowed to fall down. 
In the garden use a trellis. One is figured on 
page 183, and others were figured last year. 
Winter Cherry, also called Strawberry Tomato, 
Allekengi, and Ground Cherry, is a relative of the 
Tomato, with a fruit the size of a small cherry and 
enveloped in a loose husk. It makes excellent 
sweetmeats, and the fruit is esteemed by many to 
eat raw. Sow early, aud transplant the same as to- 
matoes. The vine is low, and does not need a trellis. 
Flower-Gardeu :iu«l 3,:i wvh. 
Lawns. — To have a fine close turf, it is essential 
that the ground should he rich, the seed thickly 
sowu, and the grass be mown frequently. Weeds 
for the most part flourish best in a soil too poor for 
the grass to make a sufficiently strong growth to 
crowd them out. Frequent mowing not only keeps 
the turf thick, hut it destroys the auuual weeds. 
Good haud mowers may now be had for S35 aud 
§30. It is best to mow often and leave the cut 
grass to act as a fertilizer. Bone-dust and ashes 
are excellent as a top-dressiug. 
Margins around heds or along walks are to be 
kept ueat by the use of au edging knife, which is 
much like a meat ehoppiug-knife with a long han- 
dle. The outline of beds eau he preserved by driv- 
• ing down wooden pins an inch square, their heads 
being below the level of the turf. 
Bedding or SWassing.— Sufficient was said upon the 
use of bedding plants in articles in February, and 
March on pages 64 and 102. We repeat our caution 
not to put out tender things, such as Coleus, Heli- 
otropes, etc., until cold storms are over. 
Annuals inPibbon Gardening. — Those who cannot 
afford the necessary bedding plants, may produce 
pleasing effects with anuuals. These are hest sown 
in a seed-bed and transplanted to the show-bed, 
taking care to have in reserve, plants to replace any 
which should not come true to color. No annual 
is more useful for this purpose than Drummond's 
Phlox, which can he had from pure white to deep 
purple. Where different species are used, the 
bights and times of flowering must he considered. 
These are given in the Seed Catalogues. 
Bulbs. — The principal bulbs to be planted in spring 
are Lilies, Mexican Tiger-flower, Gladiolus, Jaco- 
bean Lilies, Amaryllis, and Tuberoses. All but the 
Tuberoses may be put out in the border; they should 
be started in pots in a warm room or under glass. 
Moses. —Potted plants of the summer blooming 
kinds may now be had, and may be turned out 
without checking their growth. Use tobacco water 
for plant lice. Where there are but few plants, 
hand-picking aud shaking the plants will he found 
the hest way to treat the rose-slug and rose-bug. 
Dahlias. — Put the roots in a warm place to start. 
A box of earth in a warm room or a vacant hot-bed 
will do. In lack of these, slightly cover them with 
earth in a warm corner of the garden, and throw a 
rug or other cover over them every night. 
Evergreens are best moved this month. Suc- 
cess depends upon keeping the roots from drying. 
Greem-lioiise and Window Plants. 
Window plants usually go out of doors altogeth- 
er, but it is less the custom than formerly to turn 
everything out of the green-house. It is but little 
more trouble to properly care for the plants in the 
house than out of doors, and the liability to injury 
is much less. By proper shading of the glass and 
ventilation, plauts can be kept in good condition. 
Shelter. — Plants out of doors should he sheltered 
from the winds and in part from the sun. Camel- 
lias especially need shade. 
Plunging — setting the pot up to the rim in soil — 
is done to avoid the necessity of frequent watering 
and for ornamenting the border. Put coal ashes in 
the bottom of the hole in which the plaut is set, to 
prevent worms from gaining access to the pot. 
Fuchsias bloom much better in partial shade than 
in the sun. In this country they do poorly as bed- 
ding plauts. Well-grown specimens make a tine 
show upon a veranda where they have some shade. 
-»— — »c» - — - — — • 
Sew Yorlt Live-stock Markets. — 
week ending. Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tot'l. 
March 21st 4,903 175 1,046 13,704 9,626 29,354 
do. 2Stli 6,711 333 1,264 20,134 13.219 41,461 
April 4tu 4,953 124 1,640 13,321 9,641 29,079 
(to. llch 5,748 100 1.8S5 15,802 10,193 33,7SS 
Total in i Weeks.... #2,325 532 5.835 63.021 42,579 134,282 
do. forprev.iWeeksU.nS 519 3,162 100,807 55,111 1S3,901 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Slteep. Stcine. 
Average per Week 5,581 133 1,459 15,755 10,645 
do. do. last Month 0,069 130 790 25,202 13.7S5 
do. do. prev's Month. ...6.M 102 532 28,128 14,015 
Average per Week.lSW. 6,275 92 1,752 28,S36 15.34S 
do. do. do. 1868. 5,733 105 1,583 27,182 18.S09 
do. do. do. 1807. 5,544 64 1,320 22,154 20.605 
do. do. do. 1S60. 5,74S 94 1,200 20,000 13,000 
do. do. do. 1805. 5,255 118 1,500 10,091 11,023 
Total in 1S69 320,280 4,827 91,083 1,499,50!) 798,199 
Total in 1863 298,123 5,466 82,5711,413,479 978,051 
Total in 1867 293.S32 3.309 69,911 1,174.154 1.102.043 
Total in I860. 298.880 4.SS5 62,120 1,0)0,000 672.000 
Total in 1S65 270,271 6,161 77,991 836,733 573,190 
Total in ISO! 267,609 7,603 75,621 782,162 600,277 
Beef Cattle.— There has heen quite a variation in 
the weekly supply of beef, and the total for the month 
is nearly 2,000 less than for the previous four weeks. 
This, however, does not affect the prices paid for the 
same grades. The highest figures seldom reached more 
than 17f4c. for very best tops. A few sold early in April 
for ISc. per lb., to dress 60 lbs. to the cwt, but these were 
very fat and large, and would overrun their estimated 
weight enough to bring the price down to Yt%c. per lb. 
The range of prices has not been so great as for the few 
months past, and the quality of the beef averaged a little 
better. As the weather grows warmer, butchers look for 
what they call '•plump 1 ' cattle, not large and fat, hut 
such as will cut up well for retail trade; such, if fat, 
will sell quickly for 17c. to lT'Sc. per lb., live weight. 
Below we give the list of prices, average price, and fig- 
ures at which the largest lots were sold. 
M'ch 21. ranged 12 @17c. A v. 15'ic. Large sales 14 @16 
do. 28th, do. 12 ®17c ao.VSiic. do. do. 14 ©16 
April 4th, do. 13 @17c. do. 15J<lc. do. do. 15 @16>.< 
do. lltli, do. 13 ®l1y.<z. do. 15;-sc. do. do. 15 @16>< 
There is a slight advance in prices, as will he seen by 
the list Milcli Cows.— Calls for good milkers 
are still plenty, and a really good cow soon finds a buyer. 
Prices have not changed much from last mouth. The 
majority of the commou cows sell for from §60@$75, still 
poorer quality for less. First-rate milkers, if fresh with 
their calf, sell for $SO®$90. and if very extta, $100 will he 
paid Calves have increased somewhat in numbers 
and more come in alive. Trade is quite steady and prices 
good. We quote ordinary to medium calves at STjilOe. ; 
fair to good at 10@llc, and of very extra, 11V£C. per lb., 
live weight Sheep. — Receipts have been very plenty 
aud quite equal to demand. We do not notice a decline 
in price, but a tendency to hold off on the part of buyers. 
Many flocks are kept from day to day seeking buyers, 
hut hntchers stand firm, feeling confident that prices 
must come down a little. A large proportion of sheep 
came in minus their wool, and they sell a little better 
sheared than with the wool on. Pelts with the wool on 
are quoted at from S1.757j>sV2.01 each, aud clipped pelts 
sell for 227^23 cents each. Prices range for good sheep, 
from V^idAc. ; Extras, S'^SJJc. Majority of sales are 
from G©7Hc. per P) Swine. — There has been quite 
a falling olT in the supply, with but little change in prices. 
Most of the hogs are sold dressed, aud we quote only 
prices of dressed pork. Very heavy and fat hogs sell at 
12c, lighter ones, if good, at 12^f§tl2'4c Prices have 
been pretty constant during the fonr weeks ending April 
I 11th, and we notice hut little change in this department- 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care- 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
April 14, 1870, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TUB NEW YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oals. 
27 days this in'tli. 224,500 478,000 153.060 2,650 313,000 217 0f0 
22 days last m'th.193,500 228,500 118,000 1,000 87,000 189,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn, Bye. Barley. Oats. 
27 days (//.is m'th.210.000 1.485,000 897.000 18.500 321,000 659.0CO 
22days/as(m'tb.l99,000 1,251,000 806,000 21,000 288,000 734,000 
3. Comparison with same period at tills time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
27dayslS70 221,500 478,000 153,000 2.650 313,000 217.000 
26dayslS09 140,000 779,000 497,000 3.S00 30,500 101,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheal. Com. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
27 days 1870... .210,000 1,485,000 S97.000 1S.M0 321,000 fo9,OCO 
26dayslSG9. ...201,000 1,157,000 1,203,000 74,000 144,000 994,500 
3. . Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to April 14: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
1S70 391,329 2.330,354 87,593 6,709 5, SIS 
H09 252.219 2,114.724 7X8.27S 34.934 
1S0S 205,245 815,889 2,393,946 148,822 24,107 
-1 . Stock of g-rain in store at Neiv York : 
Wlieat, Corn, Bite, Barley, Oafs, Mull, 
1870. bush. bush, biish. bush. bush. bush. 
April 11 1345.1S0 2S5,9I6 23,249 187.112 756,811 99,983 
March 7 2.509.003 481.170 39.0S9 27S,!05 1,105.194 97.139 
Feb. 11 2,902,658 531,003 62,112 322,425 1.199,672 36,214 
Jan. 12 4,423.028 591,903 38,2S9 34,900 1,310,935 85,405 
1869 
Uec.ll 3,810,563 833.909 50.043 285,906 1,380.594 77,097 
Nov. 10 .1,010,030 693,085 31,700 3I.5S4 2S1.581 66,782 
Oct. 11 978,272 445,06S 34,407 5,918 120,950 67.C94 
Sept. 6 745.121 127,730 56,0St 1S5.920 134 870 
Aug. 9 634,202 253,155 75,797 301 50,219 105,458 
July 10 531.657 328,013 71.41S 2,966 259 9S5 97177 
June 7 637,877 SS5.241 107.546 883 555.993 1091716 
-May 11 1.056.048 394.155 107,502 17.6S4 613.166 77 677 
Apr.10 1.6S4.033 1,080,709 105,003 48.281 1,178,710 66.664 
March 12 1,990,416 1,301,167 211.8S0 81,610 2,000,457 50,095 
Gold has fluctuated less violently. It has been again 
npto 111? J, but it closes at 112?J Breadstuffs have 
been fairly active. The export demand has been on an 
enlarged scale, chiefly for low grades of Flour and Spring 
and Amber Winter Wheat, at, however, easier prices 
and more liberal offerings. The home trade inquiry has 
been moderate. Corn, Bye, and Oats, have been scarce, 
and quoted higher. Barley has been pleuty aud de- 
pressed Provisions have been in more request, 
prices closing in favor of sellers Cotton has been 
more sought after, and with a reduced supply available, 
prices have advanced, but close less firmly There 
has been a moderate movement iu Wool, at slightly re- 
duced rates. Holders have shown more eagerness to re- 
alize. The demand has heen mainly for manufacturing 
purposes Hay has heen quiet aud quoted cheaper 
towards the close Hops and Tobacco have been mod- 
erately dealt in, closing steadily at our quotations 
Grass Seeds have heen in light supply aud good de- 
mand at much firmer prices than quoted last month. 
Querent Wholesale Prices. 
March 14. April 14. 
Price of Golo 11*3% ~i.l'Z% 
FLOUR— Super to Extra State $4 45 © 5 75 4 30 © 5 45 
Super to Exrra Southern.... 585 @975 5 25 ©975 
Extra Western 4 65 ©9 25 4 55 @ 9 25 
Extra Genesee 5 75 @ 7 25 5 75 © 1 25 
Superfine Western 4 45 ©4 75 4 30 ©4 50 
Rye Flour 4 30 ©5 50 3 90 @ 5 00 
Coex-Meai. 4 25 ©490 4 30 ©5 25 
Wheat— All kinds ofWhite. 1 35 @ 1 65 1 27.K® CO 
All kinds ol Red and Amber. 95 @ 1 33 95 "@ 1 25 
Cork— Yellow 97 © 1 12 1 OS © 1 ]5 
Mixed 80 ©105 90 ©110 
Oats— Western 52 © Gl 57 © 68 
State 60 © my. 61 @ 68 
Rye. 90 © 1 05 95 © 1 10 
Barley 80 % \V>y. 70 ©110 
Hay— Bale f> 100 ID 90 @ 1 25 80 @ 1 15 
Straw. ?) 100 Tb 70 ©110 65 ©100 
Cotton— Middlings, ft ID... . 21K© 22)^ 2S?J@ 24K 
Hops— Crop ol"1809. * a> 10 © 25 10 © 25 
Feathers —Live Geese, ^ lb. 75 © S5 SO @ 85 
Seed— Clo ver. * n> 12}<,@ 13 14M© 145C 
Timothy, i» bushel 4 00 ©4 50 6 2". ©6 75 
Flax, %t bushel 2 80 ©2 25 2 10 ©2 20 
Sugar— Brown. %< lb 8%@ 11* S @ 11J< 
Molasses, Cuba. i?gal 26 © 45 20 @ 45 
Coffee— Rio. (Cold, in bODd) 9K© 13 9^@ 13X 
Tobacco. Kentucky, 4ic..?<Ib. 7J£® H 7 @ IZ'A 
Seed Leaf. ~4< » 10 @ 65 8 © 65 
Wool— Domestic Fleece,^ ID. 44 @ 70 42 © 06 
Domestic, pulled, $ » 25 ©47 22 @ 46 
California, unwashed 17 © £3 15 © 32 
Tallow,^ lb 9 @ 9}4 9^© ■ $% 
Oil-Cake— V Ion 40 00 ©44 00 35 00 ©39 00 
Pock— M ess ¥' barrel 26 25 ©26 50 27 75 ©28 00 
Prime, 73 barrel 20 50 ©2100 80 50 ©2150 
Beef— P lain mess 8 00 ©14 00 8 00 ©14 00 
Lard, in trcs. & barrels, 3> tt. ]SK<S) l5>i 14am 1GX 
Butter — Western. ? ID 18 ». 32 15' rs, 28" 
State. S ID 25 © 42 18 . 38 
CilBKSK 6 © Iby, 6 @ 1GX 
Beans— Tj> bushel 180 ©240" 120 ©240 
Peas— Canada, in bond, ?) bu. 95 © l 00 110 ©185 
Eggs— Fresh. ? dozen ... 20 © 27V 27 © 29 
Poultcy —Fowls & Chickens 18 © 2-2 " 21 @ 24 
Turkeys, ifi a . . 20 © 25 26 © 29 
Geese, 1< B> 16 © 18 16 @ 18 
Potatoes, V bbl 125 ©2 25 125 ©2 00 
New Bermudas, ~i> bbl — -@ — 8 50 ©10 00 
Apples—?* barrel 3 00 Gli 5 00 3 00 ©5 25 
Sweet Potatoes, ? bbl — @ — — © — 
Turnips— v bbl 125 © l 50 1 50 @ 8 00 
Cabeac.es— V 100 6 CO @ 8 00 6 00 ©10 09 
Onions— r< bbl 4 00 © 5 00 4 50 © 5 50 
Cranberries— 3R bbl — © — 16 00 ©22 00 
Broom-corn— <s> » 15 © 17 11 @ 15 
