402 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[November, 
Contents for November, 1870. 
Abundance of Grapes 434 
Artificial Egg-hatching 6 Illustrations . AYt 
Bee Notes 410 
Boys and Girls' Columns— Queer People — Smoking 
oat Squirrels — Letters from Young People — New 
Puzzles to be Answered 4 Illustrations. .427-^128 
Cranberries upon Upland 422 
Dead Game ot the Season Illustrated. .401 
Dwarf Pear-Trees 423 
Pall Sown Garden Crops 423 
Family Filter Illustrated. .417 
Farm Work in November 402 
Fencing Flooded Fields 5 Illustrations. .416 
Field Roller 418 
Flower Garden and Lawn in November 403 
Flowers— A Herbaceous Clematis Illustrated. . 424 
Flowers — The Feathered Hyacinth Illustrated . .424 
Fowls — Japanese Bantams Illustrated. .413 
Fruit Garden in November .403 
Gate — A Cheap and Durable... Illustrated.. 423 
Green-house and Window Plants in November . . 403 
Horse Papers for Farmers — No. 10 412 
Household Department.— Very Young Children at 
Funerals— Matches and their Safe Keeping— Train- 
ing Children to Work— To Catch, Drees, and Cook a 
Chicken— Cooking Egg-Plants — Time for Reading- 
How to Roast a Pig 3 Illustrations. . 426-426 
How Much Hay will Sheep Eat in Winter f 418 
How to Make the Boys Good Farmers 410 
Hunting in the far West 6 Illustrations. .419-420 
Insects— The Cabbage Pest 4 Illustrations. . 422 
Irrigating Meadows 416 
Keep the Small Potatoes 419 
Kitchen Garden in November 403 
Market Reports 404 
Ogden Farm Papers — No. 11— Will it Pay to Raise 
Corn f— Wind-mill — The Drouth and its Results- 
High Farming 411-412 
Orchard and NurBery in November 403 
Outlet for an Ice Pond 418 
Plants for the Decoration of Agricultural Fairs 421 
Quadrupeds— The Prairie-dogs Illustrated.. 413 
Rabbit Park and Rabbit Keeping. Illustrated. .410 
RatB and Mice — Vermin-proof WallB 419 
Shrubs — Double-flowering Blackberry Illustrated . . 421 
ShrubB— The Chaste-Tree Illustrated. .421 
Stallions for Common Labor 419 
Trophy Tomato 423 
Walks and Talks on the Farm— No. 83— Clearing out 
the Creek — Drainage Laws — Feeding Sheep — Value 
of Clover— Wheat Experiments — Poland Oats — N. 
Y. State Trial of Implements— Fall Fallowing— Di- 
vision of Fields — Making the Farm Pay — Corn 
Husking Machines— Potato Diggers 414-Slti 
INDEX TO "BASKET" OR SMALLER ARTICLES. 
Agriculturist Strawberry.409 
Alsike Clover 407 
Apple-leaf Louse 407 
Asbestos 405 
Asparagus Bed 409 
Bees, Work on 406 
Board Roofs 409 
Bone Manure 409 
Cast-Iron Eave-Troughs.405 
Cellars under Houses 406 
Central Park 406 
Chloralum 406J 
Cider Cheeses 407'; 
Cleaning Flower Seeds.. 406, 
Coal AsheB in Earth 
Closets 406 1 
Conn. Poultry Soc 407 
Copley's Alphabets 405 
Covering for Roof 405 
Delaware Grapes 409 
Disease among Fowls. ..405! 
Driven Well Patent 406 
Eggs, Good Average 409 
Eggs, to Keep 409! 
Expensive Processes 409 
Fair of Am. Institute.... 406 
Fastening for Cows. . ..406 
Fat Cattle Chrbmo. ...406 
Fine Lilies 406 
Flax Straw Fodder 405 
Fungi in England 406 
Gapes in Chicks. 407 
Good Long-wool Sheep.. 407 
Grape Show, BliBs' 406 
Grouse Cochins 409 
Gypsum 407 
Hampshire, etc.. Fair. .. 405 
Hand-Power Machine 409 
Hog Pasture 407 
Hubbard's Tomato 409 
Injection Pipe 407 
Irrigation 407 
Kansas Crops 405 
Keeping Tuberoses, etc.. 409 
Know Your Enemies 409 
Mass. Hort. Soc 406 
Milch Goats 405 
Moles 409 
Mounting Maps 409 
Muck 407 
N. Y Poultry Show 407 
N. Y. State Fair 405 
Nitro-glycerine 406 
Old Plaster 409 
Osiers on Sandy Soil... 409 
Petroleum 406 
Plymouth Rock Fowls... 409 
Protecting Strawberries. 407 
Providence Journal 409 
Question Answered .406 
Run-down Land 407 
School-house Architect'e406 
Seedling Peach 409 
Smutty Corn 409 
Stumps and Roots 405 
Substitute for Manure 405 
Sundry Humbugs 407 
Sweet Potato Bender.... 406 
Sylvester Apple 409 
Ten Gallons of Milk 407 
Thorn Seeds.., 409 
Unfortunate 409 
Unpatented Harrow 407 
Veterinary Medicine. . . . 405 
A "Bakers Dozen." 
Thirteen for Twelve. 
Every Wfew Subscriber to American Agriculturist 
and Hearth and Home for 1871, whose subscription 
comes to hand during November, will be presented with 
the paper the rest of this year without charge, 
a 4* the name be marked new when sent in. 
. . Take Notice, that this offer extends to All 
>. e w Subscribers, whether coming singly, or in Pre- 
mium Clubs, or otherwise. {This will help those who 
now begin to make up lists for Premiums, for they 
can offer to each new subscriber the bonus of IS months, 
and still count these names in Premium Lists.) 
Calendar for November. 
■*j 
* 
Si 
=3 
fc 
fc 
fe 
5* 
O 
4 
M 
1 
T 
•f. 
W 
3 
T 
4 
V 
5 
S 
6 
s 
7 
M 
8 
T 
9 
W 
1(1 
T 
11 
F 
12 
S 
13 
S 
14 
M 
15 
T 
IB 
W 
17 
T 
18 
F 
19 
H 
20 
S 
'.'1 
M 
;<-.' 
T 
28 
W 
?4 
T 
25 
F 
Wi 
S 
2! 
S 
as 
M 
•m 
T 
m 
W 
Boston, NEiuj- 
laiul.N. York 
State, Michi- 
gan, Wiscon- 
sin, Iowa, and 
Oregon. 
H.M 
6 83 
6S4 
6 36 
6 S7 
6 SS 
89 
6 41 
6 42 
6 43 
6 44 
6 46 
6 47 
6 48 
6 49 
6 51 
6 52 
6 53 
6 54 
b so 
6 57 
6 58 
6 59 
7 
7 2 
7 8 
7 I 
7 5 
7 6 
7 7 
H.M 
4 54 
4 53 
4 51 
4 50 
4 49 
4 48 
4 47 
4 45 
4 44 
4 43 
4 42 
4 41 
4 111 
4 :',9 
4 39 
438 
4 37 
4 36 
4 35 
434 
4 34 
4 33 
432 
4 32 
4 SI 
4 31 
4 30 
4 30 
4 30 
J 39 
•8" 
H. H. 
morn 
48 
1 51 
2 50 
S 50 
4 50 
5 48 
rises 
5 49 
6 27 
7 9 
7 57 
8 51 
9 50 
10 54 
12 
morn 
1 10 
2 21 
3 So 
4 51 
6 10 
sets 
6 16 
7 16 
8 21 
9 29 
10 37 
11 40 
morn 
J. r. aty, a., 
Philadelphia, 
New Jersey, 
Penn., Ohio. 
Indiana, and 
Illinois. 
5 3 
<5| 
n.M 
6 SO 
6 SI 
6 32 
6 31 
6 35 
6 36 
6 31 
6 SS 
6 111 
6 41 
6 42 
6 43 
6 44 
i; 46 
6 I' 
6 II 
6 49 
6 50 
6 51 
6 53 
6 54 
6 55 
fi m 
fi 57 
6 53 
6 59 
7 
7 2 
7 3 
7 4 
£ CO 
•SS 
H. M. 
morn 
51 
1 53 
2 52 
3 50 
4 49 
5 46 
rises 
5 53 
6 33 
7 14 
8 2 
8 56 
9 55 
10 58 
morn 
S 
1 12 
2 21 
3 35 
4 49 
6 7 
sets 
6 18 
7 21 
8 26 
9 33 
10 40 
11 43 
morn 
Washington, 
Maryla7id, 
Virginia. Ken- 
tucky, Jlissou- 
ri, and Cali- 
fornia. 
H.M 
fi 2 
6 28 
6 29 
6 31 
6 32 
6 S3 
6 34 
6 35 
6 36 
6 37 
6 SS 
6 39 
6 40 
6 41 
6 43 
6 44 
6 45 
6 46 
6 47 
6 48 
6 49 
6 50 
6 51 
6 52 
6 53 
6 55 
6 56 
6 57 
6 58 
6 59 
fi* 
*>4 
H.M 
5 
4 59 
4 58 
4 57 
4 5B 
4 55 
4 54 
4 53 
4 5:> 
4 51 
4 511 
4 49 
4 13 
4 47 
4 47 
4 46 
4 45 
4 44 
4 44 
4 48 
4 43 
4 42 
4 42 
4 41 
4 411 
4 111 
4 411 
4 4(1 
4 39 
4 39 
H. M. 
morn 
54 
1 55 
2 53 
S 51 
4 48 
5 44 
rises 
5 57 
6 36 
7 19 
8 B 
9 2 
10 
11 2 
morn 
6 
1 13 
2 22 
5 34 
4 47 
6 4 
sets 
6 26 
7 27 
8 31 
9 87 
10 44 
11 45 
morn 
PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. BOSTON. X. YORK. WASH'N. CHA'sTON CHICAGO 
Full 
3d Quart.. . 
New Moon 
1st Quart. 
H. M. 
2 48 m. 
4 15 m. 
8 37 ev. 
5 49 ev. 
i. M. 
2 SB m. 
4 3 m. 
8 25 ev. 
5 37 ev. 
J. M. 
2 24 m. 
S51 m. 
8 13 ev. 
5 25 ev. 
H. M. 
2 12 m. 
3 39 m. 
8 lev. 
5 IS ev. 
I. M. 
1 42 m. 
3 9 m. 
7 81 ev. 
4 43 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, NOVEMBER, 1870. 
How humdrurn and stupid the life of the farmer 
would be, were it not for the change of labor and 
thought which each season briugs. We think, 
sometimes, almost with a longing to enjoy them 
ourselves, of the bland winters of balf-tropieal re- 
gions, and of those changeless spring like climates 
of some of the high valleys in the midst of the torrid 
zone. Yet we are happier and better off 8s farm- 
ers and as men for our rigorous winters, for the 
necessity of making provision for ourselves and 
for our stock, for the pinching of the frost, for the 
dangers we avoid, aud for the losses that will surely 
comt from neglect and carelessness during our 
winters. The better we are prepared for them, the 
more we may enjoy and profit by them. There is 
no part of the United States where winter is not 
felt with more or less severity. Even in Florida 
the trees, many of them, lose their leaves and now 
and then the "northers" clear up with frost 
and ice. In these warmer regions the provident 
farmer's faculties are exercised to provide against 
the drouths of summer, and it is a mistake to sup- 
pose that the seasons are not nearly as well defined 
in the Southern as in the Northern States. 
Winter, wherever the snow does not cover the 
ground and where the ground does not remain 
frozen from day to day, is a season of pasturage for 
cattle, for general tillage, and for the prosecution 
of all sorts of field work not directly connected 
with growing crops. The importance of comforta- 
ble shelter for domestic animals is too little valued, 
far north of the line where pasturage can be relied 
upon ; neither i3 the great value of the winter re- 
alized as a harvest time for manure. This is really 
only an other name for wheat, corn, and cotton ; 
the one representing the others as truly as a 
" greenback "-note represents gold, or silver, or 
copper, or, in fact, almost any thing else we value. 
Hints about Work. 
The Crops still remaining in the field must be se- 
cured at once. Those stored, must be protected 
against frost and vermin — against wetand deteriora- 
tion, aud every preparation should at once be made 
for sudden aud severe cold. 
Top-dressings for Winter Grain. — It is rarely ad- 
visable to apply top-dressings to winter grain so 
late as November, yet, if it was put in late and is 
either on very light land, or upon ground liable to 
be heaved by the frost, it may be well. In such 
cases prepare a fine compost of earth and guano, 
peat, muck, or any fine vegetable mould would be 
preferable to earth, as it would be more bulky for 
the weight. Any very fine, dry compost would an- 
swer well, but it should be bulky, for thus it an- 
swers as a mulch as well as a fertilizer. Similar 
applications may be made at any time during the 
autumn, winter, or early spring. 
Water Furrows. — When the ground freezes, basins 
are frequently formed, where water will settle during 
thaws and damage accrue to grain. It is well there- 
fore that surface drains 3honld occasionally be made, 
for carrying off this water. As a rule, however, 
we think water furrows, as they are usually made, 
are productive of much more harm than good. 
They form a channel for water to run in, which 
carries off good soil, promotes a washing and gul- 
lying of the land, and often does much mischief. 
Corn Fodder. — After the corn is fit to husk, tli : 
quicker the job is done and the fodder stacked or 
housed, the better. We would quite as lief feed 
corn-stalks out of a stack or Jersey barrack, as 
those stored in a barn, provided the stack is well 
made. No more than a foot of the buts should be 
exposed to the weather, and the top should be 
" pointed off" with good rye straw. It will take 
several bundles to top a big stack as it should be. 
Stacks of all kinds ought to be securely thatched, 
for thus hay aud straw keep quite as well as in a 
barn. At this season they should be examiued, 
aud if the winds have lifted the covering in spots, ' 
it should be renewed or pinned down. 
Buildhigs. — Examine eave-troughs as soon as 
leaves have fallen, and clean them out. Look to the 
weather-boarding, and make all tight for the win- 
ter, but let old roofs alone, as a rule. Painting 
may be done to good advantage, as there is usually 
freedom from dust and flies, and there is moisture 
enough to close the cracks and pores of wood. 
Fences. — Remove such as are not absolutely nec- 
essary. Secure laws, if possible, requiring every 
man to restrain his own cattle wherever they may 
be. As laws now are, we fence both against our 
own cattle and those of our neighbors. Poor 
fences make breachy stock. Fences cannot be 
mended after the ground freezes. 
Manure. — Cart out all that can be plowed iu; 
that which cannot be plowed under, place in heaps, 
either composted with vegetable matter, muck or 
sods, or covered with a few inches of good soil to 
turn the rain from the sides, and to keep the valu- 
able products of fermentation from passing off. 
Make provision for plenty of material to mingle 
with the dung of animals durmg the winter; straw, 
buckwheat haum, and such things, of course, but 
do not neglect to gather 
Forest Leaves. — The most convenient wagon for 
loading leaves we have ever used is made by taking 
a broad hay rigging with wide wings over the 
wheels, or stakes all around, and attaching hay-caps 
to the sides, hanging down into the box. The leaves 
should be gathered after a few dry days, and the 
most convenient way to collect them is with hay 
rakes, and large baskets into which the leaves can 
be pressed. Store them in bins or empty box- 
stalls, well trodden down. Leaves contain a large 
percentage of ash, and though not so valuable as 
straw for litter, are very good. 
Sawdust. — As soon as the country saw-mills get 
water and begin to run, the neighboring farmers 
can secure sawdust for litter. This adds not only 
bulk, which is of great value, as thus the manure 
is divided and is more easily and evenly distributed, 
but it decays both in the heap and in the soil, thus 
affording organic matter and ash to the plant, while 
it retains the valuable qualities of the manure. 
Soot Pits. — As the cold weather comes on, cab- 
bage trenches and root pits must be covered with 
more earth, so that their contents shall be secure 
from damage by frost. Leave passages, closed by 
straw wisps, for ventilation, or rather change of air. 
Parsnips. — Dig only those needed for market or 
