1867.] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
21 
will never be excelled as far as quality is con- 
cerned, and could we only get the fruit of those, 
there would be but little temptation to look after 
others. However this accumulation of varieties 
may bother the pomologist, one good 
results from it ; it allows more attention 
to be paid to the character of the tree^ 
than if the lists were limited. A new 
variety, the tree of which is hardy when 
3'oung, comes into bearing early, and 
bears regularly, must supplant an old 
sort, 110 matter if the fruit is a little bet- 
ter, provided the tree lacks these, desir- 
able qualities. This is just what our 
Western friends are doing, with their 
abundance of material — studying the qual- 
ities of the trees as to hardiness and health- 
fulness, as well as those of their fruit. 
Doct. J. A. "Warder, of Ohio, in mak- 
ing up some notes on new apples for the 
Horticultural Annual for 1867, refers to 
the Grimes' Golden Pippin as one of the 
.varieties that are remarkable for the 
characters of the tree as well as those of 
ihe fruit. Specimens did not reach us 
in time to illustrate thi3, with the others, 
for the Annual, but we have since re- 
ceived specimens from. S. B. Marshall, 
Massillon, 0., which enable us to give an 
outline of the fruit, to which we append 
an account abridged from the more ex- 
tended one furnished by Doct. Warder. 
The original tree stands in Brooks Co., 
West Virginia, not far from the Ohio 
River ; it was known to the boatmen in 
1804, and is still in vigorous fruiting, having- 
borne about twelve barrels the past season, all 
perfect and smooth. Orchard trees of this va- 
riety in Smithfield Co., O., have not failed to 
produce a crop for the past eighteen years. 
ill-. Marshal], who sent us the specimens, writes 
that it the hardiest tree in his nursery ; that the 
branches neither split nor break, and that it is 
a regular and uniform bearer, being never af- 
fected by the severest winters. We ap- 
pend a description and note by Doct. 
Warder, with the remark that, while our 
Western friends are responsible for the 
statements about the tree, we are able to 
corroborate all they have said about the 
superior quality and richness of the fruit : 
" Tree, hardy, vigorous, healthy, pro- 
ductive; branches, strong, spreading, 
shoots stout, dark ; foliage, healthy, dark 
green ; fruit, medium, globular, cylindric- 
al, regularly or slightly angular; surface, 
smooth, yellow, bronzy or slighted rus- 
seted ; dots, numerous, minute, yellow; 
basin, abrupt, deep, folded; eye, large, 
generally open ; cavity, wide, regular, 
green ; stem, long, slender, curved ; core, 
small, closed, meeting the eye; seed*, 
numerous, angular, brown ; flesh, yellow, 
breaking, very fine-grained, quite juicy: 
flavor, sub-acid, aromatic, rich. Use, table. 
iN.-izc being very convenient, and kitchen. 
Season, December or March. Quality, best. 
"This delicious winter keeping apple 
should be extensively disseminated by 
nurserymen, who will find nothing to 
complain of in its habit in the nursery, 
while the planter will be gratified by a 
noble and productive tree, that comes 
early into bearing, and annually furnishes 
him choice fruit that rivals the Newtown Pip- 
pin in its good qualities. Indeed this variety 
may well be recommended as a substitute for 
that old favorite in regions where that does not 
succeed. In its peculiarities of richness and 
flavor, however, it more near]}- resembles that 
charming amateur fruit, the Newark Pippin, 
which is unfortunately little known in the 
markets, though it is quite an old variety." 
Fig. 1.— BEURRE ORIS Ij'HIVER. 
A Couple of Old, but Little Known, Pears. 
A good pear is a good thing ; but what is a 
good pear? The select lists of the amateur 
pomologist are not the lists of the fruit dealer, 
and nurseryman. We have a democratic way 
in our pomology as well as in our politics, and 
vote for or against things without regard to 
presidents or precedents. Pomologists sav that 
Fig. 3.— JOSEPHTNH DE MALDTES. 
the Bartlett is a third rate, or, at best, a second 
rate pear; the people say that the Bartlett is the 
pear for their money, and the nurseryman is 
obliged to grow the trees, and the orchadist pro- 
duce the fruit. We were led to the above re- 
marks upon thinking how many really good 
pears there were, in comparison with those that 
found their way to the markets. One reason 
perhaps is, that we have been too hasty in our 
judgments, and have condemned many 
worthy varieties before they had time 
to show what they could do. At all 
events there are many old sorts that have 
been overshadowed by newer comers. 
which have been quietly gaining strength 
year by year, and though they do not 
find a place in the " select lists " of fruits, 
are well known, to those who have been 
patient with them, to be of the great- 
est excellence. Among the late varieties 
, that are likely to be held higher in popu- 
lar favor than they have yet been, are the 
two of which we present figures. 
Beitrre Gets D'nrvr.R. — This is a 
French pear, and is given in some of 
their works as Beurre de Lucon ; first 
known in 1889. The tree is a very vigor- 
ous grower and does much better on pear 
than it does upon quince roots. The 
size and shape are sufficiently well given 
in the engraving. The skin russet, with 
sometimes. a ruddy cheek in the sun. The 
flesh is melting, juicy and vinous. Quali- 
ty, best. An early winter pear that 
keeps through December. Mr. Barry 
informs us that it brings the highest price. 
Josephine de MaldvEs. — A Belgian 
variety made known about 1830. The 
tree is hardy, but only a moderate grow- 
er, and does not give its best fruit until it 
has acquired age, but when sufficiently old, is 
very productive. The fruit is yellowish green, 
sprinkled with russet. Flesh slightly rose tint- 
ed, melting, sweet, vinous, and agreeably per- 
fumed. Keeps until January, and with care 
will last even into March. It is justly re- 
garded as one of the best winter varieties. 
There are several other varieties now in un- 
merited neglect, that we hope to bring to the 
notice of our readers. More attention 
should be given to late varieties, both for 
market and home consumption. Well 
kept late varieties bring astonishing 
prices ; while at home, nothing can be 
more refreshing as a dessert fruit, than a 
properly ripened, melting winter pear. 
" Gardening for Profit " — Small 
Places near Towns and Villages. 
The regular " salt " used only to ocean 
soiling, looks with great contempt upon 
the short waves of our inland lakes; yet 
wc always attained the result, if not the 
real object, of sailing — sickness — sooner 
on the fresh wave than on the briny one. 
B So farmers of five liuudred or a thousand 
I acres woujd see ruin before them Trert* 
f they told they could have only ten. Yet 
many do get comparatively rich oft* of ten 
acres, and . some who have only live, 
pocket more money in a year than those 
who have five hundred. But there is 
this to be borne in mind, thai these small 
places must be near a market, the land 
must be good, and kept tip to the very 
top of fertility, its occupant must work 
hard, and he must know how. This 
knowing how is perhaps the hardest of 
the conditions, but we have cornered one of 
our most successful market gardeners until 
he has recorded his eighteen years' expe- 
* Gardening for Profit, by Peter Henderson, South 
Bergen. >.'. .T. New York : Orange .Tudd & Co. $ 
