310 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[September, 
Contents for September, 1867. 
Agricultural Improvement Illustrated. .323-326 
Apiary for September 311 
Beeves— Forwarding to Eastern Markets 324 
Boys' and Girls' Columns— Breath, How Air is Puri- 
fied— Ready and Willing to Work— Terriers vs. Cats 
—New Puzzles— Answers to Problems and Puzzles 
—True Courage— Charley's Question— A Lively Time 
in Prospect— Looking Through Grandpa's Specta- 
cles—Queries 4 Illustrations. . 333-334 
Buffalo— American Illustrated. . 309-323 
Clover— The Eabbit-foot Illustrated. . 330 
Cold Grapery in September 311 
Corn Cribs Illustrations.. 323 
Corn— Raising by Old and New Methods 323 
Corn — Raising on Prairie Sod 325 
Crops — Editorial Correspondence on 324 
Currant— A Word for 330 
Draining— Secret of Success . . Illustrated. . 318 
Drilling Wheat 321 
Edgings'and Edging Plants 327 
Farm — A Western Grazing 324 
Farm Work in September 310 
Fanning in Indiana 317 
Farming in the Grain Regions of Penn. andN. J 317 
Flower Garden and Lawn in September 311 
Forests — Increase of, in France 330 
Fruit Garden in September 311 
Garden and Farm 329 
Grapes and Grape Culture — Notes on 329 
Horticulture in Indiana 329 
Household Department — Dashes at Housekeeping with 
a Free Pencil — Leaves from the Diary of a Young 
Housekeeper — Leaves from My Journal — Prize Es- 
says 1 1llustrations. .331-332 
Kitchen Garden in September 311 
Lime — How it is Burned 4 Illustrations . . 322 
Market Reports 312 
Meadow Mice Illustrated. .319 
Orchard and Nursery in September 311 
Peas— Trial of Early 32S 
Pelargoniums — Variegated 330 
Potuuias Then and Now 327 
Poultry Exhibitions Illustrated. .317 
Premiums— What We Offer 312 
Specialties in Farming — Hops 325 
Steam for Farm Work 321 
Strawberries — Seedling '. 32S 
Tomato— Kcycs' Eariy Prolific '. ......'. &30 
Tree Planting by the Roadside .....327 
Trees— Why Transplanted, Die 329 
Walks and Talks on the Farm— No. 45— Wheat Cul-" 
tnre — Manures — Draining — Degeneration of Vari- 
eties — Corn Huskcr — Fungi — Lime — Corn Fod- 
der ". 320-321 
Wide Pronged Hoe— Tlexamer's Illustrated.. 318 
Willow Stokes for Fences 2 Illustrations.. 322 
Wolf— American Gray Illustrated. . 319 
INDEX TO u BASKET" OR SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Almshouse at Palmer.'. . .310! 
Am. Institute Exhibition. 314| 
Am. Pomological Soc 314j 
"An Opinion as is an 
Opinion " 314 
Bam Cellars 310; 
Books, three New Grape. 314 
Bread Kneader 315 
Central Park Report 315 
Cheese Factory in Eng'd.316 
Chess, Orucial'Test 31H 
Clubs, Begiu this Month.315 
Com, Nutritive Value of. 310 
Cotswolds in England.. . . 315 
Crops and the Weather. . 315 
Death of W. N. White... 315! 
Elms and Evergreens 310 
English Market Reports. 316 
Farms, Value in Indiana. 316 
Fruit Notes, Ohio 315" 
Gardening for Profit 314' 
Holcus Tartaricum 316 
Horticultural Pencil 315 
How to Remit 314 
Humbugs, Sundry 315 
.314 
.316 
.314 
315 
Implements, Catalogue of.315 
Insects' Eggs 316 
Land, Price of in Penn. .316 
Land to be Possessed 310 
Mass. Ag'l College 316 
Peach Crates 315 
Pickled Grapes 315 
P. O. Money Orders 314 
Practical Entomologist 
Raspberry, Brinclcle's.. 
Registered Letters '. 
Rye for Early Feeding. 
Salmon in Australia 316 
Salmon in Connecticut. .316 
Salt and Plaster 315 
Sending by Express 315 
Sheep Raisin^at theWest310 
Small Fruit Cultnrist 315 
State Bank Bills 315 
Strawberry, Chas. Down- 
ing 314 
Tree Swindle 316 
What Will Secure the 
Agriculturist? 314 
Willow Trees and Wells.316 
Back Volnmcs Supplied.— The back volumes 
of the Agricidturist are very valuable. Tliey contain 
information upon every topic connected with rural life, 
out-door and in-door, and the last ten volumes make up 
a very complete library. Each volume has a full index 
for ready reference to any desired topic. We have on 
hand, and print from electrotype plates as wanted, all the 
numbers and volumes for ten years past, beginning with 
1857— that is, Vol. 16 to Vol. 25, inclusive. Any of these 
volumes sent complete (in numbers) at $1.75 each, post- 
paid, (or $1.50 if taken at the office). The volumes, 
■neatly bound, are supplied for $2 each, or $2.50 if to be 
sent by mail. Any single numbers of the past ten 
years will be supplied, post-paid, for 15 cents each 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW-YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1S67. 
Every year we are led to regard with thankful- 
ness the beneficent provision which ordered the 
territory now occupied by this great nation, to be 
subject to so varied climatic and meteorological 
influences, yet so closely connected, and the inter- 
communication between its parts so intimate. This 
year the seaboard has been wet, and the inland 
States have been rather dry. If grain has been 
damaged for flour in one State, the well secured 
harvests of others easily supply the need. If we, 
of the East, lose our potato crop, as it seems prob- 
able that we -shall, we can look to the West for a 
supply, aud to the South for a substitute. The hay 
of New England may have been gathered iu too 
pool* a condition for market, and so while her 
farmers will lose their wonted profits, the railroads 
may now. thanks to improvements in hay-presses, 
bring the bay a thousand miles, and not make 
the price too high for our city markets. Eastern 
formers who have been in the habit of selling 
hay may now learn an important lesson if they 
will, namely: that hay kept on the farm and fed 
out or made manure of, is worth a good deal more 
to them than if sold at any ordinary prices. The 
hay being unfit for sale mustbs used ; part of it will 
be fed, the rest made into manure. Another lesson : 
—the poor hay, either that which has been wetted 
in curing, or that which has stood until it is hard, 
grown too tough, and wiry to be profitably used, 
must be either chaffed short and steamed, or wet 
dowu with a little meal or oil-cake, bran or other 
similar feed, and left to stand until incipient fer- 
mentation commences. The value of the grain 
thus used need not be much— the labor will not be 
grudged when the results are seen. 
September is a happy month ; it brings the golden 
fruits of the orchard, and the golden corn ripens 
under the Autumnal suus. There is, too, a harvest 
of greenbacks — no gold now-a-days — which Sep- 
tember usually yields to those who have early 
crops to sell. During this month the prices of 
grain iu Europe become settled, ordinarily. They 
may be such as to excite speculation, or the prices 
here may quietly settle down to what wc may con- 
sider about remunerative values. 
Save time '.to attend the Fairs; and be sure to 
take or send something to help the show. Have 
it in the best possible order, and don't expect 
so confidently to get the prize as to be made un- 
comfortable if you lose it. It is no shame to be 
beaten, but it would be shameful for a poor article 
to take a prize over a better one. Therefore re- 
joice that something more excellent than your's 
could be raised and that the raiser brought it. A 
good part of your reward should be in having con- 
tributed to make a fine show. A man seldom gains 
credit to himself by declaring openly that things he 
has, at home, are much better than those exhibited. 
Such statements, if made, should be said privately 
and generally in self coudemnation for not having 
brought the articles. The unsuccessful competitor 
seldom gains more than au unenviable notoriety by 
orjenly impugning the motives of judges. 
Every one is happy to receive prizes, and the 
hope that he may, is a great inducement to present 
articles in competition. The honor aud credit 
should count for much, the money for very little, 
aud really the unselfish motive of contributing to 
make a fine show, should be the chief inducement 
to exert ones-self for the fair. An exhibitor going 
to the fair with these feelings will not leave his 
wagon loads of fruit, vegetables, and dairy products 
outside, while he searches through the exhibition 
tables to find out if he will be morally certain of 
the prizes, before he decides to exhibit. There is 
nothing crimiual in this, but it is certainly not 
honorable and commendable. 
Mints Al>ont Work. 
There is a greater variety of labors to employ 
farmers in September than perhaps in any other 
month. We have manuring, plowing, sowing and 
harvesting, thrashing, feeding, marketing, all upon 
us at once, yet the labors are seldom pressing and 
of an anxious kind, except perhaps a little anxiety 
in regard to early frosts. 
Animals, iu general, need little care, except good 
pasturage or feeding. Fattening bullocks that are to 
be finished off for the autumn trade need a gradual 
increase of meal as the weather grows cooler. 
Sheep, also, that are to be sold, should be separated 
from others and fed a little graiu. Examine any 
that it may be necessary to have in moist pastures 
to check the very first appearance of foot rot. 
Shelter all during storms, and give access to water 
and salt. Swi7ie, to be fattened this fall, will do much 
better if fed a little ground old corn now while at 
grass, or being kept on thin swill, as is usual. 
Orchard fruit collect frequently, not only for 
feeding swine and cows, but in order to destroy the 
insects which sting the fruit at the time of laying 
their eggs, and to prevent the development of the 
lame which causes it to become gnarly and to 
drop, prematurely ripe, or even green. Much good 
cider for vinegar may be made from windfalls. 
Bool crops. — All kinds of root crops having be- 
come well established and full of leaf, keep on 
growing* until freezing weather, and often swell 
with prodigious rapidity, as the season becomes 
moister and cooler. Keep the weeft down and the 
ground open aud loose, and pull for cow feed wher- 
ever they stand too thick. 
Beans— Pull before the ripened pods dry, and lay 
them up to ripen in small heaps, or, better, between 
two stakes driven perpendicularly about 5 or 6 
inches apart. The plants being laid alternately 
heads and roots, and at the same time crosswise. 
Grass and Clover Seeding may be done now upon 
land which is in order to be laid down, to very good 
advantage, provided we have rains. If the grass 
aud clover can get a start this fall, so as to make an 
approximation to a sward, they will stand the winter 
well, and if the land is rich, be fit to mow next 
, year. If not rich, the clover may be fed off in June, 
but not close, aud cut for seed in the fall. Timothy 
sowed now and getting a good start of all other 
accidental grass on a good land, often yields a fine 
crop for seed two years in succession. If you need 
the grain or straw, sow it, but if you want grass, 
sow that. 
Wlieat. — Too much stress can not be given to hav- 
ing wheat laud well. prepared — drained rich, and 
mellow, also free from weeds, if possible. Sow dur- 
ing this month ; the earlier the better. Drill rath- 
er than sow broadcast, and put the seed deep rath- 
er than shallow on all light soils. 
Bye.— It is generally best to sow rye in the early 
part of October, as it often gets too much growth 
before the ground freezes if sown earlier. 
Vermin in Granaries.— See article on corn-houses 
p. 333. Arrange to have security from mice and 
rats. Rats will generally clear out mice and may 
themselves be gotten rid of by the phosphorous 
paste which is a safe poisou if the poultry are shut 
up and kept so for several weeks. The rats vomit 
up the poison, and the chickens eat it and die. The 
poison kills a few, but stampedes the vermin. Mice 
are not so affected ; a few die, the rest remain. Use 
traps and cats ; give the eat a sand box and puui>h 
her severely if she docs not use it. A"good mous- 
er, and well trained, is almost invaluable. 
Potatoes.— At the East the season has been such 
as to rot potatoes in some places very much. After 
the vines die or are thoroughly blighted, the tubers 
will make but little growth. They are fit for swine, 
but not for market. Tet many are perfectly good. 
It is sometimes best to dig and feed to pigs or cattle 
before they rot. If left in the ground the sound 
ones will remain good, while most of the diseased 
ones will become so bad that they may be detected 
at a glance. This, it is claimed, is a great saving 
of labor in picking over potatoes that rot in the 
bin; besides, the sound ones arsnot contaminated, 
and so more sound ones will finally be saved. 
Draining and Irrigation. — These subjects are 
hinted at every month ; their imporlance demands 
it. See what has been said in previous numbers 
and act upon the hints. 
