4r32 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[December, 
this end all rubbish should be cleared up, and 
everything made snug and neat. 
Boots that are already iu pits should be covered 
as the cold increases, and when winter fairly sets 
iu, the pits should be banked over with about two 
feet of soil, neatly rounded off, to shed rains. Hardy 
roots, such as horse-radish, parsnips, and salsify, 
may have some litter thrown over them, and thus 
prolong the season during which they may be dug. 
Celery, stored in trenches as heretofore directed, 
will also need to be covered gradually, commenc- 
ing with a few inches of leaves or litter, and as 
the cold increases, adding a covering of earth. 
Covering of standing crops of kale, shallots, spin- 
ach, etc., will need to be done iu localities where 
the winter is severe. Near the coast, salt hay is 
used for this purpose, and is an excellent material, 
but straw or leaves are more generally available. 
Cabbages and other plants in cold frames will re- 
quire constant attention, and are more likely to 
suffer from heat than from cold. Give them air by 
lifting the sash even iu freezing weather, and on 
mild days remove the sashes altogether. 
Seeds should be in a place secure from mice and 
moisture as well as great extremes of temperature. 
Have every parcel correctly marked with its con. 
tents as well as date of growth. Destroy all seeds 
of doubtful identity or vitality. 
Tools may be overhauled and repaired, and every- 
thing put in working order for spring. 
Manure. — This is the key to successful gardening, 
and its accumulation is one of the kinds of hoard- 
ing that we advocate. In most large towns there 
are waste fertilizers that are worth carting away. 
Flower Ciardeii mul Lawn. 
With the departure of the Chrysanthemums, the 
borders are bare of flowers. Those who have been 
thoughtful enough to iutroduce Rhododendrons, 
Kalmias, and other evergreens for winter effect, 
ean now enjoy their cheerful appearance. 
Protection must be given to many tender shrubs. 
Where the case admits of it, laying down and cov- 
ering with earth is the readiest as well as one of the 
best ways. Half hardy Roses, Clematises, "Wista- 
rias, (iu very cold places,) and the like, winter nice- 
ly under a covering of earth, provided the spot is 
so well drained that water cannot settle about them. 
Evergreen boughs, especially those of ths red cedar, 
may be placed over low shrubs to protect them. 
Lawns should have a good top dressing of rich 
compost. 
Evergreens, as well as dense clumps of shrubbery 
and evergreen hedges, not of proper form, are very 
apt to get bent out of shape if not broken down 
by heavy accumulations of snow. Such accidents 
should be prevented by removing the snow while 
it is still light and can be readily shaken off. 
Green and ISot-Hoiises. 
The management of fires will require some judg- 
ment, especially in a month in which a fine, mild 
day is often succeeded by a very cold night. In the 
greenhouse, the thermometer should not go below 
'^S° at night, and reach 55° or GO in the day-time. 
Give air wherever it is safe to do so. 
Arrange the plants to the best advantage. Renew 
sticks and labels, and have all in complete order. 
Insects must be fought at the start. At the first 
appearance of the green ffy, or aphis, make a smoke 
with tobacco. The syringe will keep the red spider 
in check. Page's Sprinkler is excellent for this. 
Cacti, and all plants that are in a state of rest, 
need but very little water, while growing ones 
6hould uot be allowed to lag for the want of it. 
Bulbs that were potted for house decoration may 
be brought into a warm place, a few pots at a time, 
to keep up a succession of flowers. 
Hanging Baskets, so much in demand for the holi- 
days, should be filled. Ivy is the ground work, 
and it is better *o fill a basket with this alone 
than to crowd a lot of unsuitable things into it. 
Apiary in Dec. — Prepared by 3L Quinby. 
Give the bees liberty to fly during the last warm 
days, and when the weather is too cool to allow of 
their flight, they may be put into winter quarters. 
Stroug stocks should be selected for storing, espe- 
cially if there are but few hives. Poor stocks do 
not generate heat enough to prevent them from 
perishing. If kept iu a room, which should be per- 
fectly dark, it requires about 50 stocks to produce 
sufficient heat. Smaller numbers may be kept in a 
dry cellar, or be buried. In September, 1865, we 
gave an article on buryiug hives, with an illustra- 
tion. Very strong stocks will winter on the stand, 
aud better iu the straw hive than in any other. In 
any case, there should be proper ventilation. 
Woodeu hives should be well protected by straw. 
If the entrance to the hive is so large that mice can 
get in, cover it with wire cloth, leaving room for 
the passage of the bees. Now is a good time to 
make hives, aud to study up the subject of bee cul- 
ture. The works of Quinby aud Langstroth should 
be in the hands of every apiarian, as they not only 
give full direction for practice, but discuss the cu- 
rious habits, aud remarkable physiology of the bee. 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care- 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
Nov. IS, 1SG7, aud also for the preceding month : 
1. TKANSACTrONS AT TIIK XIGW-YOF.K MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. IVIieat. Corn. Jtije. Barley. Oats. 
26 da.vst/i is m , tli503.0n0 3.KIS.000 3,-IM.nOO 577.000 1,10.8.000 2,719.000 
27 days last m'tli J37.000 3,510,000 1.750,000 1S0.O00 S05.O00 1 ,210,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheal. Corn, Bye. Oals. Barley. 
2Gd!\vs(7;ism'tll,376.000 S.SU.OOO 2,520,000 1S9.000 2,S1S,500 S17.000 
S? days (dirt m'tb,441,000 1,802,000 2,911,000 350,000 2,010,000 513,000 
2. Comjyarison Willi same period at titiit time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
20 dtivs 1867. .. .503.000 3.59S.OO0 2.491.000 377.000 1,108.000 2,719,000 
27 days 1800. . ..321,000 1,213,000 1,490,000 107,090 2,1S4,000 SJ9.000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Oats. Barley. 
20 d.ivslSC7. -370.000 3,314.000 2.520.090 1S9.000 2.S1S.500 817.000 
27 days I860 363,000 2,045,000 5,679,000 476,000 1,313,000 2,135,000 
3. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to Nov. 1G: 
Flour. Wlieat. 
Com. 
Bye. 
Oats. Barley. 
1867 G9S.623 3,252,969 6,900,4X1 
1S66 811,063 340,735 10,556,000 
319,195 111,970 SS0.S63 
192,439 1,067,567 434,501 
4. Slock of grain 
ill store at New 
York : 
1SG7. Wheat, Corn, 
bush. hush. 
Eye. 
hush. 
Barley, 
bush. 
Oats, Malt, 
bush. hush. 
Nov. 12. ..941,129 1,951,706 
Oct. 15. .. .167.608 90;.C61 
Sept. 10... 120,532 1,151,892 
Ausr. 13... 91.174 S63.724 
July 15... 245.509 160.7SI) 
June 14... 578,279 217,796 
May 15... 731,330 261,092 
134,543 
7,300 
500 
32,785 
60.936 
117,257 
1S6.S04 
301.053 
32.793 
9,376 
12,370 
21.390 
69,6 a 
145,700 
2,216.752 52,155 
S9:),897 57.917 
ia5,737 61.50S 
200.319 4S.632 
206.763 34.700 
379,865 16,311 
C0S.494 10,461 
Receipts of Breadstufs at tide water at Albany, 
May 1st to October Zlth: 
Flour, "Wheat, Corn, live, Barley, Oats, 
bbls. bush. bush. bush, bmh. bush. 
1S67. 
1SGG. 
.280.500 5,939,100 ll.00!>,100 
.213.900 G,S9:),(Jl)l) 23,135,9^0 
035,100 2,332,500 5.^19,100 
S57.500 3/310,000 7,736,400 
Gold has been much depressed since our last. It has been 
down to 13S>4, aud thereafter up to 141. It closed on Sat- 
urday, Nov. 16th @, 139, 7 £ . . . .The breadstuff market has 
been rather more active, but, under increased supplies, 
and the decline in gold, prices have been quoted lower 
generally. The home trade have been buying freely. The 
export demand has also been good, particularly for low 
grades of flour, and for spring wheat. Prices of wheat 
closed in favor of buyers. Corn has not been much sought 
after, save for home use. It has generally ruled at figures 
above the limits of shippers, and comparatively few for- 
eign orders have been executed. The market for it closed 
weak and drooping. Rye and Barley have been held quite 
firmly, and have been in fair request. Oats have been 
mostly controlled by speculators, who hold about two- 
thirds of the stock here, and under whose management 
the market prices have been subject to frequent and ex- 
treme fluctuations. The closing transactions on the 16th 
inst. were of considerable magnitude, but mainly on spec- 
ulative account at higher and rising prices Provi- 
sions have been generally lower, and less inquired for, 
though Lard, Bacon, and Butter attracted more attention 
towards the close, and were quoted stronger in price 
Cotton has been iu better supply and less active demand 
at easier and drooping rates "Wool has been freely of- 
fered at reduced figures, and toward the close has been 
in rather better demand, especially fine fleece, largely on 
speculation — Hay, Hops, and Tobacco have been in 
good demand, and buoyant. 
CURRENT WnOLESALK TRICES. 
Oct. 17. Nov. IS. 
Prick ov Gold 1£3>J 139% 
Flour— Supur to Extra Stated 9 00 rail 30 $ 8 30 @:0 30 
Super to Extra Southern H 00 ©16 50 9 65 ©15 75 
Extra Western. io 50 ©10 83 9 25 ©15 50 
Extra Genesee U 50 @U 50 10 40 ©13 50 
Superfine 'Western. 9 25 ©10 00 S 30 ©9 20" 
It ye Flour 7 M> © 9 50 7 00 © 9 15 
Cor.Y MEAL... 6 50 ©7 25 6 15 (J5 7 15- 
W ii bat— All kinds otAVhite. 3 00 © 3 30 2 85 © 3 05 
All kinds. of Red and Amber. 2 15 ©2 75 2 15 @ 2 73 
Coux— Yellow 1 43 © 1 40 1 37 © 1 40 
Mixed.. 1 40 © 1 42 135 © 1 36K 
Oats— Western S3K@ 84« 78 © 79>£ 
State 85 ~@ — 73 @ 79 
Kyk 105 ©170 163 ©170 
Barley 137 ©150 1 42K® 1 G2J£ 
Hay— Dale ^ 100 lb 70 © 1 45 80 © 1 50 
Loose 95 © 1 50 90 © 1 50 
Straw, ?) 100 lb 60 © 90 70 © 95 
Cotton— Middlings, ^ lb..., 39 © 21 17^© 19>£ 
Hops— Crop oi'JSCG, ^ lb. 40- © 65 35 © 65 
Feathers— Live Geese, ij* lb. 75 © 90 75 © S7M 
Sked— Clover. f» lb 12M© 13>£ UK© 12>§ 
Timothv. i? bushel 2 50 © 2 75 2 50 © 2 75 
Flax, $)' bushel 2 50 © 2 60 2 50 © 2 60 
Sugar— Brown, # lb UK© 14 11J4© 13>£ 
Molasses. Cuba, ?» gal 30 © . 55 34 @ 50 
Coffee— Bio.(Gold price)?) lb 13 © 1SK 12^® 18 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c?) lb. 5).<@ 20 6 @ 23 
Seed Leaf, %) lb 3>^@ 65 3>£@ 65 
Wool— DomesticFIoece,?) a. 38 @ 63 35 @ 60 
Domestic, pulled, $ lb 2S @ 50 25 © 52 
California, unwashed, 18 © 30 16 © 28 
Tallow. ¥> n> 12 © 12# 1VA® 11# 
Oil Cake— 31 ton 52 00 ©59 00 51 00 ©59 00 
Pork— Mess, ?» barrel 22 00 ©23 05 20 95 @21 10 
Prime, %t barrel 20 00 ©20 50 IS 75 © 19 25 
Beef— Plain mess 16 00 ©23 00 14 00 ©19 00 
Lard, in barrels, f) lb . 13Vr,@ «K 32%@ 13% 
Butter— Western, 9 lb IS @ 35 IS © 39 
State. ?) lb 20 © 45 30 © 50 
Ciieesk 9 © 17 8 @ 1GX 
Beans— ft bushel. 3 25 ©4 50 2 50 ©4 50 
Peas— Canada. ?) bushel 1 40 @ 1 50 1 40 © 1 50 
Eggs— Fresh, ?) dozen 29 @ 33 SO © S3 
Poultry— Fowls, %t lb 34 © 15 16 © 18 
Turkeys, %^ib 38 © 20 22 © 23. 
Potatoes— New, T*bbl 2 00 © 2 75 2 25 © 3 75 
Apples— V barrel 2 00 @ 4 00 2 75 © 4 25 
Cranberries, ?i barrel 7 00 ©1100 10 00® 11 00 
ft'ew Yorlc JILiive ^toclc jSffarikets. — 
week ending. Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Sicine. 
October 22 6,342 67 1,302 2S.0G3 26,449 
October 29 7.t'03 56 1,095 2S,a5S 29.7S9 
November 5 5,832 94 1.247 32,697 43,501 
November 12 7,1S7 SI 1,173 33,231 36,107 
Total in four Weeks.... 20,354 29S 4.S77 121,352 135,846 
Average per Week <\5S3 74 1,219 30,333 33,851 
While beeves have fallen off about 430 per week, as com- 
pared with the previous month, the supply has still ex- 
ceeded the demand. Sheep, too, have been less freely 
offered, but swine more than make up for the deficiency. 
In fact, meats of all kinds have been, and still continue 
topbe, a drug upon the market. Cheap poultry is a strong 
competitor*of beef, mutton, and pork. 
Beef Cattle. — For tne last month but very few 
really good cattle have come forward, owners holding 
such for the holidays when fat beeves are in demand. la. 
their places arc large numbers of thin steers, dry cows, 
and old oxen, sent to market when out-door feed failed, 
the expense of feeding hay and grain being heavy. The 
majority of those who bought cattle in the high mar- 
kets last spring, and grazed them during the sum- 
mer, lost all the cost of pasturage, aud in many cases 
more, the decline in price being fully equal to the gain in 
weight. The market continues in a depressed condition, 
with too much stale poultry, selling by the ton at 6 © 10 
cts. per B>, to cause a quick demand for beef. On the 12th, 
the date of our last cattle report, immense quantities of 
soft turkeys and chickens were sold at 5 cts. per lb, the 
weather being rainy. At the present time, 10 cts. per B> 
net weight is the outside price for extra fat steers, while 
good to prime arc selling at 13 © 15 cts., aud common to 
fair at 8 @ 12 cts., the average being about 13J£ cts 
Milch Cows, — These are in quick demand, with a 
scarcity of good milkers. Ordinary cows are little called 
for, the high price of milk and increased expense of 
keeping, causing buyers to select only good cows. For 
such they pay $00 @. $110, and when something extra is 
offered, $125 is frequently obtained. We noticed a largo 
native cow, with perhaps one-fourth Durham blood, re- 
puted to give 20 quarts per day, sold at $140, without the 
calf, which of itself was worth $15. Ordinary to fair 
cows are selling at $65 @ $S5 Calves.— Fat veals for 
the butcher are scarce, and will sell readily at 124 @ 13 
cts. per lb, live weight. Common to^fair calves are worth 
S®- 11 cts. Some large and very fat-calves, .six months 
old, were sold at $51 each Sheep.— These continue 
to come forward faster than they can be sold. Instead of 
going upon winter feed, they are rushed into market. The 
decline of wool, too, is leading farmers to diminish their 
flocks. They are % cent per 3b lower than last month, 
fat sheep of 95 © 100 ft>s. selling at 5hi @ 5J4 cts. per fb, 
live weight, while common to fair go off at4@5cts. 
Choice lambs bring 7 cts., ordinary to good, ©. G\« cts. 
per lb, weighed alive Sivine.— Hogs have been com- 
ing in faster than at any time since the fall of 1SG3, but 
prices are no lower than they were the last of December, 
and the beginning of the present year; but fully }£ cent 
lower than one month ago. The quality is improving, 
most of the poor trash having been sent off. Prime hogs 
arc now worth 7 @ 7J| cts., with fair at 0?^ cts., and com- 
mon at 6@ 6J4 cts. per S>, live weight. 
