72 Revieivs and E.rtracts. 
bluck. lie has known tliem to weigh from six to seven and a half ounces eacli, 
and seldom to fail of a good crop. i>Ir. Pearson's manner of treating them is this. — 
About the middle of November he prunes and nails them, being careful to cr.t 
away all those shoots which have reached the top of the wall, on purpose to "-ivc 
those place that are in the rear. By this means a good supply of youno- wood is 
kept throughout the whole tree, by laying in the branches thin and regular; when 
the nailing is finished, he then procures a quantity of spruce fir branches, aud 
covers the trees all over, one branch thick — the foliage of these branches falliiio- 
off towards spring, and gradually naturalizing the tree to the season; by the 
10th of May eveiy leaf has left them, just when the fig begins to put forth its 
leaves; he then removes the skeleton branches, and gives the trees a complete 
washing with water, by means of a garden engine, to clear them of all the decayed 
leaves of the fir which lodge about them. In July, he proceeds to the sunnner 
pruning and nailing, cutting away all the shoots that will not be wanted to furnish 
the tree at the winter nailing; the rest of tlie young wood be nails close to the 
wall, exposing the fruit as much as possible to the sun. It is the firm opinion of 
Mr. Pearson that they cannot be bror..j-ht to perfection without a very plentiful 
supply of water to the roofs, as he considers them partly afjuatic ; — soa;)y water 
from the wash-house he thinks is preferable. 
Art. 26.— Page 327.— Oh f/ie Culture nf the Pear. By Mr. B. Saunders, Nur- 
seryman, Jersey. 
Mr Sadnders believes the common mode of shortening the breast-wood in summer 
to two or three eyes, occasions fresh shoots and impoverishes the tree to no purpose ; 
he says, abetter plan is, either to displace them entirely when young, or (where 
there is a deficiency of fruit spurs) to break in the mouth of July, the fore-right 
shoots nearly through, to within five or six eyes of the bottom, leaving the upper 
extremity suspended, six or eight weeks. This impedes the comuumication of the 
two saps, and prevents a second shoot: the eyes at the base most frequently forming 
themselves into fruit-bearing spurs, for the following season. 
Art. 28. — Page 332. — On the Hop, its Blighty and Tic.niedy. By John Murray, 
Esq. F.S.A., F.L.S., &c, 
"Thk leaf and flower of the bop, (says the writer,) are affected with the honey- 
dew, under peculiar circumstances ; and is a phenomenon standing in some relation 
to specific changes in the atmosphere." After speaking of the various opinions 
relative to the causes and effects of this disease, he goes on to say, that " When the 
hop is struck by the fly, as it is called by hop growers, it will l)e found, on accu- 
rate investigation, to be consecutive on some morbid change in the hop-bine itself, 
an effect produced by some previous vicissitude in the atmosphere. Perhaps, 
therefore, the truth will be found to be this. — The plant is blighted, as it is termed, 
by the wind, or some destructive vicissitude in the atmosphere, and the trans- 
udation of the saccharine matter is the ccnsequence of the morbid change thus 
superinduced. This saccharine secretion becomes the lure to the imago of the 
insect; here its ova are deposited : these, again, in process of time, become larvae, 
that, like the Egyptian locust, devour every green thing. In this view of it, 
(the writer conceives) the principal thing to be attended to is the prevention of 
this morbid change, by controlling and modifying the condition of the atmosplierc, 
in all probability the proximate or immediate cause. 
"The fact that plants grow most luxuriantly near a lightning conductor, and 
are there maintained in a healthier condition than elsewhere, proves that the 
maintenance of the electric current between the earth and the heavens, becomes 
