CONIFER.E. THE PINUS, OR PINE TREE. 
29 
one of those which will be extensively culti- 
vated for ornament. Seedling plants are not 
yet common in nurseries, and grafted plants 
do not appear to grow well. Mr. Locke of 
Rozelle, Ayrshire, says, " Of this excellent 
and scarce pine we have several specimens ; 
but unfortunately, until very lately, w r e were 
unable to procure a seedling plant, and there- 
fore this report of it must refer to grafted 
plants only. One of our plants, however, 
about two years since, having shown signs of 
roots at the junction of the graft with the 
stock, I had the curiosity to try to bring the 
roots into the soil, by drawing a little leaf- 
mould and sand around the plant. I am happy 
to say, I have been well rewarded ; for the 
soil is now filled with roots, and the tree is 
thriving exceedingly. This pine approaches 
nearer to the Pinus ponder osa than any other 
I know. It is perfectly hardy here, and is 
now making growth annually about 18 inches 
in length." The wood of this pine is white 
and soft, and not likely to be very durable. 
Pinus longifolia, Roxburgh (long-leaved 
Indian Pine). — Leaves three together, about a 
foot in length, but varying in some instances 
from eight to eighteen inches, drooping, slen- 
der, of a vivid green, channelled, and serrated. 
Cones less than half the length of the leaves, 
< blong-ovate, rugged, dark brown, with corky 
lecurved scales. 
A native of North Hindostan, on the moun- 
tains of Nepal, and on the great range of the 
Himalayas, which bounds that kingdom. It is 
cultivated throughout Upper India on account 
of the peculiar gracefulness of its habit. The 
tree affects various localities, being found on 
high mountains, and in valleys where the heat 
is intense. Hence a majority of the plants of 
this species raised in Britain are too tender 
for this climate ; whilst others are nearly 
hardy enough to withstand the rigours of our 
winters. In some parts of the Himalayas this 
tree attains to the height of 100 feet, having 
a few short branches which become drooping. 
Lawson suggests, and with reason, that if 
seeds were gathered from those trees on the 
Himalaya only, the plants produced would, in 
all probability, prove hardy enough to grow 
in this country without protection. Plants in 
the London nurseries are from 10s. to 15s. 
each. 
Variety. — P. I. Timorietisis, Loudon. — So 
called on account of its having been sent from 
Timor, one of the Molucca Islands, to Mr. 
Lambert at Boy ton. Leaves three, rather 
more slender than P. longifolia, of a darker 
green, eight inches long. There is a tree 
upwards of twenty feet high at Boyton, but, 
so far as the writer knows, it has not yet 
borne cones, and its reference to P. longifolia 
wants confirmation. 
48. 
Pinus Gerardiana, Wallich (Gerard's, 
or short-leaved Nepal Pine). — Leaves three, 
short, straight, glaucous, with deciduous 
sheaths. Cones like those of P. longifolia. 
Seeds dark brown, pointed at both ends, and 
eatable. 
A large conical-crowned tree, discovered 
by Captain Gerard, of the Bengal Native 
Infantry, and named in honour of him, by 
Dr. Wallich. It has been often confounded 
with P. longifolia, and seeds have in some 
instances been sent home, which have turned 
out to be P. Pinea. In the Fulham nursery, 
and at Messrs. Low's, at Clapton, plants of 
the true species are propagated ; and at Flit- 
wick in Bedfordshire, Elvaston Castle in Der- 
byshire, and Hendon Rectory in Middlesex, 
there are fine specimens many years planted. 
From its being a native of the coldest parts 
of the Himalayas, and the bleakest side of 
those mountains, little doubt is entertained of 
its hardiness in the climate of Britain. In 
Scotland it gives promise of withstanding the 
winters without protection. 
Pinus californiana, Loiseleur (Californian 
Pine). — Leaves generally three together, some- 
times only two, three inches long, slender, deep 
green. Cone in form and appearance like 
that of P. Pinaster, but considerably larger. 
A scarce species found in the neighbour- 
hood of Monte-Rey in California, and repre- 
sented to bear cones somewhat similar to the 
P. Pinaster, but in every respect larger. 
One of the few specimens in this country, is 
in the garden of the Horticultural Society, a 
grafted plant, under the name of P. vion- 
tlieragensiSs received from M. Godefroy, a 
nurseryman in Paris, about the year 1829. 
Professor Thouin thus describes it : — 
" This tree grows, in the neighbourhood of 
Monte-Rey. One of its cones, gathered by 
Colladon, the gardener belonging to the expe- 
dition of La Peyrouse, was sent to the mu- 
seum of Natural History in Paris, in 1787. 
The cone was in the form of that of P. 
Pinaster, but one-third larger in all its parts. 
Under each of the scales w r ere found two seeds 
of the size of those of P. Cembra, and of 
which the kernel was good to eat. From 
these seeds, sown in the Jardin des Plantes, 
a plant was raised, which has stood for several 
years in the open ground ; where, without 
being vigorous, it remains in health." It is 
not suited to the climate of this country. 
Pinus Fraseri, Loddiges (Eraser's Pine). 
— In all probability a mere nominal species, 
referable to P. rigida. It is found in several 
nurserymen's catalogues, and was originally 
sent from the Liverpool Botanic Garden. A 
fine specimen, from loft, to 20ft. high, is 
said to be in the arboretum of the Hackney 
nursery. 
