202 
BOTANICAL TERMS. 
taken with them, by producing a constant suc- 
cession of their splendid blossoms till the frosts 
in autumn stop vegetation. 
Those who have not got a stock of these 
plants should set about obtaining cuttings, 
which may be rooted without any difficulty if 
planted in sandy soil, and kept moderately dry 
in a frame, or under a handlight in the green- 
house. Young plants raised late in the spring 
will not of course be so capable of producing 
the effect during summer which stronger plants 
would do, but they will gain strength, and 
should be taken up carefully before they 
have sustained any injury from frost; potted 
in sandy loam, in pots as small as the roots 
will allow, and carefully set by for the winter, 
on a dry shelf in the greenhouse, where they 
must be kept dry, only just water enough 
being given to prevent them from shrivelling. 
In the spring they should be again repotted, 
and planted out as above. 
BOTANICAL TERMS, 
CHIEFLY APPLIED TO THE LEAVES OF PLANTS. 
The terms employed in reference to leaves 
are very numerous; some of these apply equally 
to other parts of the plants, and many of them 
will hereafter be noticed separately under the 
head of, " Terms expressive of figure.'" 
Acerose (acerosus) ; needle-shaped, linear, 
rigid, tapering to a fine point from a narrow 
base, as in the leaves of the common juniper 
bush. 
Acinaciform (aeinaciformis) ; scimitar- 
shaped ; that is, curved, fleshy, plane on the 
two sides, with the concave border thick, and 
the convex one thin. 
JEqualivenium ; equal veined ; that is, 
when the mid-rib of the leaf is perfectly 
formed, and the veins are all of equal size, as 
in ferns. 
Alternate (alternus) ; where' leaves do not 
rise from the same plane, but are placed alter- 
nately one above the other round the stems, 
they are said to be alternate, in distinction 
from the arrangement where they are placed 
opposite each other. 
Amphigastria ; a term applied to certain 
lobes or appendages attached to the base of 
the leaves of some Jung er ma .niece. 
Anastomosing (anastomozans) ; the uniting 
of the vessels and veins. This is applied 
where the veins cross or touch each other, 
and unite where they come in contact. 
Apex (apice) ; the extremity opposite the 
base ; applied to the point of a leaf. 
Articulated (articulatus) ; jointed ; leaves 
are generally articulated with the stem, and 
the lamina is often articulated with the petiole. 
The articulation is manifest in compound 
leaves ; when they begin to fall to pieces, it 
will be observed that the parts separate, as 
it were, spontaneously, and without any 
fracture. 
Ascidium ; a singular dilation of the leaf- 
stalk in some plants, which forms what is 
called a pitcher, as in the pitcher plant (Ne- 
penthes), the cephalotus, sarracenia, and some 
others. 
Auriculate (auriculatus) ; having two small 
rounded lobes, or ear-like appendages, at the 
base of the lamina, as in the leaf of Salvia 
officinalis. 
Avenium ; veinless ; where there are no 
veins at all except perhaps the indication of 
a mid-rib, as in mosses, fuci, &c. These are 
not to be confounded with such as those which 
are very fleshy, and in which the veins are 
concealed. 
Axil ; the part where the base of the upper 
side of a leaf joins the stem- 
Axillary (axillaris) ; arising from an axil ; 
issuing from between the stem and the base 
of a leaf-stalk, where it meets the stem. 
Band-shaped (fasciaritis) ; narrow, very 
long, with the edges parallel, as in the leaf of 
Zostera marina. 
Base ; the part of the leaf next the stem. 
JBiconjugate (biconjugatus) ; the same as 
bigeminate. 
Bigeminate (bigeminatus) ; twice ; when 
each of two secondary leaf-stalks bears a pair 
of leaflets. 
Bijugis ; two pairs, applied to leaves ; by 
an alteration of the numeral at the beginning 
of the word it may be made to express any 
number of pairs. 
Binate (binatus) ; growing two together 
on a common petiole, as in the leaves of 
Zygophyllum Fabago. 
Blade ; the lamina, or expanded surface of 
a leaf, as distinguished from the stalk. 
Bourgeon ; a term applied to leaf-buds. 
Bourrelet ; synonyme of struma. 
Capreolus, clavicula; terms formerly ap- 
plied to the tendril. 
Cauline ; applied to leaves proceeding from 
a stem. 
Cephalodium ; in lichens, a convex shield 
without an elevated rim. 
Ceratophyllous (ceratophyllimi) ; leaves 
shaped like the upper part of a stag's horn. 
Cicatricule ; the scar formed by the sepa- 
ration of a leaf from the stem. 
Cirrhose (cirrhosus) ; tendrilled, having 
tendrils or cirrhi. 
Cirrhus ; a tendril, or thread-shaped pro- 
cess, issuing from the stem, by means of which, 
plants with weak or climbing stems attach 
themselves to other plants or substances for 
support. 
Collare ; a term applied to the ligule of 
