390 
THE POPLARS. 
inches above ground. They will soon strike 
root, and produce large tubers, if encouraged 
with diluted liquid from the tank. Between 
your lines of early ash-leaved, insert a full 
crop of savoys, and take care whilst removing 
the potatoes during next month that you do 
not turn up the roots of the former. Winter 
cabbages, such as the drumhead, may be 
planted in like manner. Any deficiency in the 
richness of the soil will have to be made up by 
applications of liquid from the tank. 
In July a full crop of winter cabbages 
should be put in, watering them well, and in 
moist weather applying liquid to them after 
they have rooted. Remove the bloom from 
the potatoes during this month. If a cow is 
kept, let the cottager now sow white turnips 
at the commencement of the month, if not 
done during the last few weeks. Onions will 
be fit for removing towards the end of this 
month : in their place plant winter cabbages. 
Let the hoe be used continually amongst tur- 
nips, mangold-wurtzel, carrots, &c. 
August is the great reaping month. After 
removing the potatoes during the first week, 
let a full crop of brocoli succeed them. Sow 
during this month a yard or so of early York 
cabbage seed, and transplant them in October 
and November. Let the liquid manure tanks be 
now emptied on the stubble intended for rye. 
Populus tremnla. 
THE POPLARS. 
Among the variety of timber trees which 
have been brought under cultivation, the pop- 
lars are pre-eminently distinguished for their 
rapidity of growth. They thus become largely 
employed in new plantations, for the purpose 
of producing what is called immediate effect, 
that is to say, of giving apparent age to the 
plantations, and securing early the conditions of 
shade and shelter, which trees of considerable 
size alone can supply. The more valuable 
kinds of timber take a much longer period to 
attain this size, and hence the value of rapid 
growing kinds to supply their place tempora- 
rily. In plantations intended for ornament 
or effect onty, these temporary trees should be 
so placed, that they may be gradually removed 
as the better kinds of trees gain size ; and so, 
also, that their removal may not mar the 
scenic effect of the masses. Where temporary 
trees of this kind are introduced into planta- 
tions intended for profit, their removal will of 
course be made dependent on the plan or 
arrangement upon which they were intro- 
duced ; and this plan should be clear and well 
defined at the time of making the plantation, 
so that whilst the temporary trees are suffered 
to remain long enough to realize the greatest 
possible return, this will not involve their re- 
maining so long as to injure the more valuable 
and permanent crop of timber. Very much 
of injury and loss is, and ever has been, sus- 
tained from the neglect of this principle, which 
is based upon common sense, and should be 
self-evident. To so great an extent has this 
been the case, that the injury has come to be 
often laid to the charge of these temporary 
