400 
BOTANICAL TERMS. 
that is, without internal divisions ; as in the 
currant. 
Baccaularius ; synonyme of carcerulus. 
Balausta; a compound inferior fruit, with 
a fleshy pericarp, hard epicarp, and not hav- 
ing the seeds parietal : the pomegranate is an 
example. 
Basal (basilaris); fixed at the base of any- 
thing ; usually applied to the embryo when 
situated at the lower end of the seed. 
Berry; same as bacca. 
Blast erne; a term applied by some authors 
to a part of the embryo including radicle, plu- 
mule, and caulicule. 
Blastus; a name applied to the plumule of 
grasses by some writers. 
Cachrys; synonyme of strobilus. 
Ccenobio; synonyme of carcerulus. 
Cali/bio ; synonyme of glans. 
Calyptra ; the thin membranous extin- 
guisher-like hood or covering of the thecal in 
mosses. 
Campiditropous ; same as amphitropal. 
Capsule (capsula); a compound superior 
dehiscent valvular seed vessel, with a dry ex- 
ternal pericarp, and differing slightly from 
ceratium : the primrose affords an example. 
Capillitium ; a peculiar body which en- 
closes the spores of some fungi. 
Carcerulus ; a compound superior indehis- 
cent, many-celled fruit, not winged, and dry, 
both externally and internally : the mallow 
affords an example. 
Carpadelium; synonyme of cremocarpium. 
Carpels; the small portions or valves of 
which the fruit or seed vessel is formed. 
Caryopsis; a compound indehiscent supe- 
rior one-celled fruit, with the pericarp dry 
externally ; as in wheat. 
Cataclesium ; synonyme of diclesium. 
Caulicula; same as collet. 
Cell; the hollow part of a seed-vessel in 
which the seeds are lodged : sometimes 
seed-vessels are one-celled, sometimes many- 
celled. 
Ceratium; a compound superior dehiscent 
fruit, with a dry pericarp opening by valves, 
which separate from the replum or framework 
of the fruit ; as in glaucium. 
Cerio; synonyme of caryopsis. 
CircumscissiU ; a mode of dehiscence or 
separation of the valves of a seed-vessel, oc- 
curring by a transverse circular division of 
its parts, as in the anagallis. 
Chalaza; a vascular disk or spot on the 
seed at the base of the nucleus, indicating 
where it was united with the seminal integu- 
ments. 
Coleophyllum, Coleoptllum ; a sheath 
which envelopes the young leaves in the 
embryo of monocotyledonous plants. 
Coleorhiza; a little sheath which tips the 
radicle or germ of the root in monocotyle'- 
donous plants. 
Collet; the point whence the plumule and 
radicle diverge after the germination of the 
embryo ; the imaginary line of division be- 
tween the radicle and the cotyledons. 
Colum; a term applied to the placenta. 
Columella; the axis from which the valves 
of a dehiscent fruit separate. 
Compressed ; applied to such seeds as are 
flattened lengthways. 
Conceptacles; same as sporangia. 
Cone (conus); same as strobilus. 
Conidia; the powdery bodies which com- 
pose the soridia of lichens. 
Coniocysta; a form of the apothecium in 
lichens; it is closed and shaped like a 
tubercle. 
Conceptaculum ; a compound superior de- 
hiscent fruit, with a dry pericarp separating 
into two portions and opening by a longitu- 
dinal suture, as in echites and asclepias. 
Corculum ; a term applied to the embryo 
of the seed. 
Cotyledons; the seminal leaves or lobes 
which afford nutriment to the young plant 
before the expansion of the true leaves. In 
germination they either lie buried as in the 
horse-chestnut, when they are called hypo- 
g&an; or they spring into the air, as in the 
cabbage, when they are called epigcean. 
Cremocarpium ; a compound inferior in- 
dehiscent fruit, with a dry pericarp, and 
having two or more cells : umbelliferous 
plants offer examples. 
Cynarrhodum; an aggregate fruit with the 
ovaries distinct, and consisting of indehiscent 
pericarps, enclosed within the fleshy tube of 
the calyx, as in the rose : it is also spelled 
synarrhodum. 
Cypsela; a compound inferior indehiscent 
fruit, with a dry pericarp, having but one 
cell, and destitute of a cupula : the fruit of 
all compositae, as the daisy, the thistle, &c, is 
of this kind. 
Cystidium ; same as utriculus. 
Cystula, cistella ; a round closed body con- 
taining the sporules of some lichens. 
Dehiscent; separating spontaneously, that 
is, by the natural sutures or divisions, into 
distinct pieces ; applied to seed vessels. 
Depressed; applied to such seeds as are 
flattened vertically or crossways. 
Diclesium ; applied to collective fruits, 
which are single-seeded, with an indehiscent 
pericarp, and enclosed within a dry indurated 
perianthium ; as in the Marvel of Peru. 
Dieresilis ; synonyme of carcerulus. 
Diplotegia ; an inferior compound dehis- 
cent or rupturing fruit, with a dry pericarp, 
as in campanula. 
Dissepiments ; the membranes forming the 
