516 
BOTANICAL TERMS. 
Manicate (manicatus) ; clothed with hairs 
interwoven into a thick mass easily separated 
irom the surface, as in Cacalia canescens. 
Medullary (medullosus) ; pithy, filled with 
spongy pith. 
Membranaceous (membranaceus) ; serai- 
transparent and thin in texture, like a fine 
membrane, as in the leaves of mosses. 
Mucous (mucosus) ; slimy, covered with 
slime, or with a coat that is soluble in water 
and becomes slimy. 
Muricated (murieatus) ; furnished with 
numerous excrescences, like the fruit of Ar- 
butus Unedo. 
Naked (nudus, deny dot us); substantially 
the same as gluber; it is used to distinguish 
such surfaces as are not clothed with hair, 
down, &c. 
Oleaginous (oleaginosus) ; fleshy in sub- 
stance, but filled with oil. 
Opaque (opacus) ; dull-looking, used to dis- 
tinguish such surfaces as are the reverse of 
shining. 
Osseous (osseus) ; bony, hard, and very close 
in texture, and not cut without difficulty, the 
parts being brittle, as the stone of a peach. 
Paleaceous (paleaceus) ; chaffy, clothed 
with small weak membranous scales, resem- 
bling the pales of grasses ; the receptacle of 
many compound plants is paleaceous. 
Papillose (papiUosus, papulosus) ; pimpled, 
covered with minute, rather soft, excrescences 
or tubercles of uneven size, as in the leaves of 
Mesembryantkemum crystallinum. 
Papyraceous (papyraceus, chartaceus) ; 
papery, opaque, and having the consistence of 
paper, as in most leaves. 
Plumose (plamosus) ; feathery, consisting 
of long hairs, which are themselves hairy, as 
in the beard of the feather-grass. 
Pruinose {pruinosus) ; frosted, applied to 
surfaces covered with small dew -like transpa- 
rent elevations, which look as though they were 
congealed, as in the leaves of Rosa pruinosa. 
Pilose (pilosus) ; hairy, covered with weak, 
short, thin hairs, as the leaf of the carrot. 
Pubescent (pubescens, pubens) ; downy, 
densely covered with short weak hairs ; it is 
to be observed in many leaves. 
Pulverulent (puherulentus) ; powdery, co- 
vered with a fine bloom ; similar to farinose. 
Punctate (punctatus) ; dotted, covered 
with minute impressions, as if made by the 
point of a pin, as in the seed of the common 
pimpernel. 
Pustulate (pustulatus) ; covered with glan- 
dular or blistery excrescences. 
Ramentaceous (ramentaceus) ; clothed with 
thin, shrivelled, scale-like bodies, as the stems 
of many ferns. 
Reticulate (reticulatus) ; netted, covered 
with lines like net-work, which project a little 
from the surface, as the veins of many leaves. 
TThen of several layers the outer only is netted, 
as in the case of the roots of Gladiolus com- 
munis, it is called semireticulate. The beau- 
tiful gold-coloured network on the leaves of 
Ancectochilus setaceus is a very elegant ex- 
ample of reticulation. 
Rigid; stiff, untractable ; the opposite of 
flexible. 
Rough (asper) ; clothed with rough, rigid 
points, as the leaves of the borage. 
Rugose (rugosus) ; coarsely wrinkled, co- 
vered with reticulated or net-like lines, the 
spaces between which are convex, as in the 
leaves of sage, Calceolaria rugosa, and other 
plants ; rugulose is more finely wrinkled. 
Scabrous (scaber) ; rough, covered with 
minute warts, or hard short rigid points, as in 
the leaves of the borage ; roughness in a less 
degree is termed roughish (scabridus). 
Scarious (scariosus) ; having a thin, dry, 
shrivelled appearance. 
Scarred (cicatrisatus) ; marked by scars 
left by bodies that have fallen ; thus the stem 
is scarred where the leaves have fallen, and in 
some stems this is very obvious. 
Scrobiculate (scrobicidatus) ; pitted, full of 
small shallow depressions or excavations. 
Scurfy (furfurosus) ; covered with small, 
roundish, flattened particles, which give a 
leprous appearance to the surface, as in some 
varieties of pine-apple. 
Shining (nitidus) ; having a smooth, po- 
lished surface ; similar to lucid. 
Silky (sericens) ; clothed with fine soft 
close-pressed hairs, which are silky to the 
touch, as in the leaves of Protea argentea. 
Speculate (sp)iculatus) ; covered with fine 
fleshy erect points. 
Spinose (spinosus) ; furnished with spines, 
as the branches of the hawthorn and the 
w T ild plum. Spines it will be remembered 
are different from prickles. 
Splendent (splendens) ; glittering, differing 
from kevigated in having the polished surface 
broken by very slight irregularities. 
Spongy (spongiosus) ; loosely cellular, the 
cellules filled with air, having the texture of 
a sponge. 
Squamose (squamosus) ; scaly, clothed with 
minute scales fixed by one end, as on the 
shoots of the pine tribe. 
Striated (striatus) ; marked by fir.e longi- 
tudinal lines or streaks, as many stems. 
Strigose (strigosus) ; clothed with sharp 
appressed rigid hairs. 
Stinging (urens) ; covered with sharp 
pointed hairs, which when touched emit an 
irritating fluid, as in the common stinging 
nettles, and the Loasas. 
Strtnnose (strumosus) ; swollen, protu- 
berant. 
