542 
BOTANICAL TERMS. 
Coadunate ; united or soldered together. 
Coagxdans; congealed into a mass. 
Compound (compositus) ; when formed of 
several parts united into a whole, as in pinnated 
leaves. 
Conglomerate (conglomeratus) ; aggregate, 
clustered. 
Continuous (continuus) ; uninterrupted ; 
this expresses the reverse of what is meant by 
interrupted. 
Crowded (confertus) ; when the parts are 
closely placed about each other. 
Decussate (decussatus) ; arranged in pairs 
alternately crossing each other. 
Distachya; two- spiked, arranged in a 
double spike, that is, with a double or divided 
axis or stem. 
Distant (distans, remotus, rarus) ; the op- 
posite to dense or approximate, &c. 
Distichous {distichus) ; arranged in two 
opposite rows, but not on a divided axis, as 
expressed by distachya. 
Double (duplicatus), or twin (geminatus) ; 
growing in pairs. 
Effuse (effusum) ; spreading, a loose open 
kind of arrangement. 
Eight ; in Greek, octo ; in Latin, octo. 
Eleven ; in Greek, endeca ; in Latin, en- 
decim. 
Entangled (intricatus) ; when any parts 
are intermixed so as not to be readily disen- 
tangled, as the hairs, roots, &c. of many 
plants. 
Fasciated (fasciatus) ; when several con- 
tiguous parts grow unnaturally into one. 
Fascicled (fasciculahis) ; bundled, when 
several similar parts proceed from a common 
point, as the leaves of the larch. 
Fastigiate (fastigiatus) ; when the parts 
are nearly upright and parallel, as the branches 
of the Lombardy poplar. 
Five ; in Greek, penta ; in Latin, quinque. 
Four; in Greek, tetra ; in Latin, quadri. 
Glomerate (glomeratus) ; gathered into 
roundish heads or heaps. 
Imbricated (imbricatus) ; when the parts 
lie over each other regularly like the tiles of 
a roof. 
Interrupted (interruptus) ; when any sys- 
tematical arrangement is broken up or destroy- 
ed by local causes ; thus a spike is said to be 
interrupted when here and there the axis is 
void of flowers. 
Isos ; equal ; the opposite of anisos. 
Lax (laxus) ; loose, when the parts are 
distant, with an open kind of arrangement. 
Monostachya; one-spiked, arranged in a 
simple spike. 
Nine ; in Greek, ennea ; in Latin, novem. 
Nullus; none, absolutely wanting. 
Numerous (numerosus) ; this expresses 
either that the parts are several but not of a 
definite number, or that they cannot be num- 
bered with accuracy. 
Ob-; a prefix indicating inversion ; thus 
obcordate is inversely cordate. 
Oligos ; a Greek affix signifying few ; 
usually employed in contrast with the quality 
expressed by the affix poly; the equivalent 
Latin term is pauci. 
One ; in Greek, mono; in Latin, uni — 
monoceras, unicornis, one-horned. 
Opposite (oppositus) ; ranged on opposite 
sides of a body on the same plane ; applied 
mostly to the position of leaves on the stem. 
Poly- ; a Greek affix signifying many, that 
is, that the parts are numerous ; the equiva- 
lent Latin term is multi. 
Quaternary ; a form of arrangement when 
the parts are in fours. 
Quinary ; a form of arrangement when the 
parts are in fives. 
Radiant (radiatus) ; ray-like, diverging 
from a common centre. 
Rosaceous (rosaceus) ; arranged like the 
petals of a single rose. 
Rosulate (rosulatus, rosularis) ; when the 
parts are arranged in a similar manner to the 
petals of a double rose. 
Scattered (sparsus) ; the opposite of clus- 
tered, whorled, opposite, and such terms. 
Serial (serialis) ; arranged in • rows, not 
necessarily opposite. 
Seven ; in Greek, hepta ; in Latin, septem. 
Six ; in Greek, hexa ; in Latin, sex. 
Solitary {solitarius) ; alone, distinct ; grow- 
ing singly. 
Spiral (spiralis) ; arranged in a spiral or 
corkscrew-like manner. 
Squarrose (squarrosus) ; spreading out 
nearly at right angles from the axis, as the 
leaves of some mosses. 
Stellate (stellatus) ; the same as verticillate, 
except that the parts are narrower and more 
numerous. 
Sub- ; a prefix indicating a slight modifica- 
tion, equivalent to the English "somewhat ;" 
thus sub-rotund means somewhat round. 
Ternary ; a form of arrangement when the 
parts are in threes. 
Ten; in Greek, deca; in Latin, decern. 
Three ; in Greek, tri ; in Latin, tri. 
Topical; local, confined to a particular 
place. 
Twelve or more; in Greek, dodeca; in 
Latin, duodecim. 
Twenty; in Greek, icos; in Latin, viginti. 
Two ; in Greek, di ; in Latin, bi — diptera, 
bialata, two-winged. 
Unilateral (unilateralis) ; arranged on one 
side, or turned all one way. 
Verticillate (verticillatus) ; whorled, when 
several parts are ranged opposite around a 
common axis. 
