( I 2 33 ) 
behind it. When your principal Out-lines ar£~drawn, you may touch over fome 
of the lefs principal Lines in order to have as much of the Print on the Plate as you 
can. When all is drawn, take off the Print, and you will find the Colour flicking 
to your Ground , wherever you have drawn over it with your Stick. If you have a 
curious Drawing, or Print of value to copy, you may rub your Colour into another 
Paper, which may be laid on the Plate firfl, with the colour’d Side downwards, and 
your Drawing may be laid on that, and it will do pretty well j but you will have a 
tetter Out-Line through a fingle Paper, than through a double one. — When your 
Defign is traced on the Plate, you muft be furnifhed with Tools to etch withal. 
Needles for Etching. 
HP A K E half a Dozen Needles, of different Sizes, which may be fluck into fmall 
JL Cedar-Sticks for Handles ; the Points may be drove into the Sticks, after 
which you may break off their Heads, and grind new Points on a Hone or Oil-ftone : 
Thefe maybe of various Degrees of Sharpnefs, in order to make Strokes of different 
Breadths. When you are fo furnifhed, you may begin to work on your Copper. 
Of Etching on your VarniAied Plate* 
I T will be neceffary, before you begin, to have a Piece of very clean, foft, old 
Linen Rag, with all the Seams and Selvages torn off : This may lie double under 
the Hand you work with, to keep the Heat, Sweat, or Roughnefs of your Hand, or 
Nails, from foftening, fcratching, or otherwife injuring the Ground . Then take 
one of your Middie-fized Needles, and trace over the Out-Lines that you have made 
on the Copper, minding to touch ftrong enough to cut through your Varnifh. When 
all your Lines are traced, you may wipe the Plate with a foft, wet Spunge, to take 
off the colour’d Out-Line ; fo fhall you fee what you have traced with your Needle 
more diftindtly : Then fet the Print or Drawing before you, on a hoping Board or 
Defk, and carefully copy it in its lejjer Lines , by your Eye, obferving to touch 
with a fine pointed Needle, and a very light Hand, the light Parts of the Print or 
Drawing you copy j and, with blunter pointed Needles, give more Strength to 
your Strokes, as* the Darknefs of the Shadows increafes ; and by a little Practice, 
Obfervation and Care, a Piece may be finifhed this Way, without the help of en- 
graving after the common Method. 
I have found by Experience, that fome Labour may be faved in Etching , by a 
Sort of Artifice, which has an Effedt beyond any Thing that can be performed 
with the Needle ; that is, in Cafe you have a dark Objedt, on which you would 
reprefent many fmall white, or light Spots, firfl etch fuch Objedt with clofe crofs 
Hatches, fo thick that it would print almoll Black ; then take a fine Hair Pencil, 
dipped in common Turpentine Varnifh and a little Lamp Black, and touch with 
the Pencil what fhaped or fized Spots you would exprefs on the abovefaid dark flrong 
Hatching, and it will dry on, and prevent the Aqua Forth from taking Effedt, or 
eating in thofe Places ; and fo they will print White. For Example fake, I will 
point out to you feveral Birds in this Work, wherein I have ufed this Method, viz . 
The 
