THE JAPAN CEDAR THE DEODAR CEDAR, ETC. 
45 
planted in the mind, which are of infinitely more 
importance to the individual and to society, than 
all the culture of the intellect which can be im- 
parted, or which the strongest mind can attain. 
A man may be a great scholar, a mathematician, 
or full of learning and genius in all their most 
wonderful degrees ; but if the question — Is he an 
honest or good man ? cannot be answered in the 
affirmative, of what avail are they all 1 A man 
is not to be measured by his capacity for mis- 
chief, nor respected for the loftiest intellectual 
gifts, if they are perverted to the wrong and 
ruin of his fellow creatures. There seems, for- 
tunately, in the human character, a power of 
rejecting what is bad. Men may be dazzled 
and facinated by the brilliant efforts of great 
powers; but they learn after a time to regard 
them as the glare of a volcano, and look around, 
when the feeling of admiration has passed away, 
with horror on the waste and desolation they 
have left. 
There is evidently, then, a craving for moral 
attainment in the human heart, as strong, or 
stronger, than for the intellectual in the human 
mind. It may not be so keen and active, and it 
may be overcome by the passions ; but in the 
end it counterbalances the bad effects, and all 
the dangerous influences a perverted but bril- 
liant mind may have wrought. Instead of look- 
ing merely to the accomplishing of the mind, 
we must, besides this, bend every effort to the 
cultivation of the moral sentiments. 
A. L. Elwtn. 
Philadelphia, January, 1850. 
THE JAPAN CEDAR. 
The severity of our winters, in this country, 
deprives us very much of the various beautiful 
evergreens which grace the parks and gardens 
of Europe, and form these beautiful appendages 
to a winter landscape. With the exception of 
the euonymus cotoneaster, and a few other 
shrubs, our hardy evergreens are mostly conifer- 
ous, and among these there are few more beau- 
tiful than the Japan cedar. 
Although noticed by Professor Thunberg as 
early as the year 1784, it has been introduced into 
England and this country only within a few 
years. It is found on the mountains of Naga- 
saki, in Japan, and its soft wood is much used 
by the Japanese for cabinet work. It was also 
found by Fortune about Shanghae, in the north 
of China, where it had probably been introduced 
from Japan. In Shanghae, it is perfectly hardy, 
with the thermometer at five degrees above zero, 
and it has endured the winter in the vicinity of 
Boston. In its native habitat, it grows to the 
height of 60 to 100 ft., with a pyramid- 
shaped head, and rather erect or horizontal 
branches. Its leaves are stiff and close upon 
the branches, which latter are not very numer- 
ous. For rapidity of growth, no evergreen can 
compare with it; and its graceful, as well as 
unique appearance, render it very desirable to 
every lover of fine trees. Beautiful as it is, how- 
ever, we have not yet seen any specimen that 
quite equals the Cedrus deodara. 
THE DEODAR CEDAR. 
This tree is now becoming quite abundant, 
and is beginning to be widely disseminated. 
We have a specimen on our lawn some 8 or 10 
ft. high, which we deem the most beautiful 
coniferous evergreen we have seen. Its form is 
something like that of the Norway spruce, but 
in habit and character totally dissimilar. Its 
foliage is of a bluish tint, and its young branches 
have a graceful, drooping character, that often 
reminds one of a fountain in full play. In fact, it 
would form an unrivalled back ground for a foun- 
tain, the white spray of which would be finely re- 
lieved against the dark, bluish-green of its 
foliage. It has another peculiarity which en- 
hances its value. Unlike other coniferous trees, 
which frequently become rusty the latter part 
of the summer, it continues to grow until cold 
weather ; and there being thus always an abun- 
dant supply of succulent wpod, it retains a fresh, 
lively green until ice makes its appearance. 
For single specimens for screens, or for masses, 
it is a most valuable tree ; but in all its beauty, 
it bids fair to be surpassed by the weeping 
cypress. 
WHAT IS A FAIR RENT FOR DAIRY COWS ? 
What is a fair average number of pounds of 
butter per annum to be expected from a common 
lot of dairy cows in this country 1 
A proprietor of land, in Orange county, pro- 
poses to rent me his farm next spring, with fifty 
cows, for which I should engage to give him a 
certain number of pounds of butter per head. 
Can you inform me what is a fair rent ? I am 
satisfied with the terms of giving one third of 
the crop for rent, but fear to accept his terms 
for the cows. A Stranger in America. 
The average annual yield of pounds of butter 
per cow, is a very uncertain matter. We doubt 
whether it exceeds one hundred pounds per cow 
in Orange county ; though we believe that two 
firkins, (160 lbs.,) is considered a fair average. 
We know one lot of ten cows that average three 
firkins each, equal to 480 lbs. per annum. We 
believe the most usual rent is one firkin for each 
cow. We saw a lot of fifty excellent cows, the 
other day, for which the farmer gives the pro- 
prietor a rent of 67 lbs. each per annum. In 
this instance, the farm is very productive for 
grass, and the dairy conveniences of the best 
kind. When this is not the case, the lessee can- 
not afford to pay so high a rent. 
FARMTNG- OF MR. HANCOCK. 
Guano — How Applied. — Thomas Hancock, of 
Burlington, N. J., makes his guano all fine by 
riddling and pounding lumps, and then sows 
from 300 to 400 lbs. per acre upon wheat 
land, in September, and immediately harrows it 
in. Then he spreads six to twelve loads of ma- 
nure to the acre, and plows it in lightly, and 
harrows the ground to level it, and then drills in 
wheat, five pecks to the acre, about the 15th of 
October. This ripens about the first of July, 
and ;the average yield for five years, has been 
