Paul's deep-draining machine, etc. 
PAUL'S DEEP-DRAINING MACHINE. 
This machine, represented by the cuts, fig. 32, 
a and b, is an English invention, and is just now 
attracting considerable attention in Great Britain ; 
but what its real merits are, we have not yet 
been able to ascertain, although we have writ- 
ten repeatedly to our friends abroad for more 
particular and reliable information regarding it, 
than we find in the papers. It is said that it can 
cut a drain 3 to 4 feet deep, at a single opera- 
tion, and at the rate of 300 feet per hour. Before 
believing this, however, we should like to see 
some better authority than we find for the asser- 
tion. It is said, also, that it can be worked by 
three or four horses; but it is not reasonable 
to suppose it can cut a three or four-foot drain 
with so little power. The cut shows the different 
parts of the machine so plainly, that they need 
they are allowed to roam at large. When cat- 
tle are fed in the field, much of the hay is blown 
away by the wind, and in stormy weather, it is 
trodden under foot and wasted. Their manure 
is dropped under the fences, and in other places 
where it is of little or no value ; but when kept 
in stables, with the addition of muck, sawdust, 
leaves, or scrapings of the roads, sides of ditches, 
&c, with which most, if not every farm abounds, 
the value of the manure, as well as the quantity, 
can be greatly enhanced. 
I once heard an intelligent person say, that a 
friend of his constructed a large reservoir, into 
which he conducted the urine from his stables, 
also, the drainings of his yards ; and after test- 
ing the merits of the liquid manure thus obtained, 
he was fully satisfied that one hogshead of such 
liquid was worth several cords of barnyard 
Paxil's Deep-Draining Machine. — Fig. 32. — a. 
no explanation. In addition to cutting drains, 
this machine is used for the purpose of subsoil- 
ing, and bringing the subsoil to the surface, as 
a top-dressing for the land. 
HOUSING CATTLE— SAVING MANURE. 
Cattle should be kept in good, warm stables, 
with an abundance of clean, dry straw for them 
to lie down upon. Do not forget to give them 
plenty of good hay ; and if you add a few oats, 
or roots, to their daily allowance, they will thank 
you for it, and return you principal and interest, 
in fourfold proportion. Few farmers are aware 
of the great loss they annually sustain, by 
allowing their cattle to shift for themselves as 
best they can, in cold, stormy weather. I know 
from experience, that they will keep on much 
less feed, when provided with good, warm sta- 
bles, than when exposed to the peltings of the 
merciless storms of our cold, northern climate. 
When cattle are kept in stables, their manure 
can be stored under cover, or in the yards, in 
such quantities as will prevent loss by drying 
and evaporation, which always takes place when 
manure. My own experience fully confirms tib 
above declaration. I would strongly urge upon 
my brother farmers, the great importance of 
erecting good stables and sheds for their cattle. 
It is certainly some comfort to a person of 
humane feelings, when he sits by a good, warm 
fire, enjoying the smiles and agreeable conver- 
sation of his better half, if he is so fortunate as 
to have one, when the howling tempest is raging 
without, or the keen, searching wind of a win- 
ter's evening is whistling around the house, and 
seeking admission at every nook and corner, to 
think that his cattle are all in good, comfortable 
stables, and not exposed to the benumbing 
influence of the cold storm that, perchance, is 
raging without, 
A Westchester-County Farmer. 
Instrument for Making Post Holes. — A tool 
to dig post holes in stony land, where the post 
auger cannot be used, is made of one-and-a- 
half-inch iron rod, about six feet long, with a 
knob on the upper end, and the. lower end made 
into a chisel, with a steel edge, five or six inches 
