IMPROVED SHORTHORNS — BATES STOCK. 
115 
means enable me to explain how a horse should 
be more fatigued by travelling on a road uni- 
formly level, than by travelling over a like 
space upon one that crosses heights and hollows; 
but it is demonstrably a false idea, that muscles 
can alternately rest and come in motion in 
cases of this kind. Much is to be ascribed to 
prejudice originating with the man, continually 
in quest of variety, rather than with the horse, 
who, consulting only his own case, seems quite 
unconscious of Hogarth's line of beauty." 
IMPROVED SHORTHORNS— BATES' STOCK. 
In the August number, 1849, of the Agricultu- 
rist, is an article by me, on the shorthorns, 
which I imported last year, for Mr. Sheafe, Col. 
Sherwood, and myself. The January number 
contains strictures by S. P. Chapman, on so 
much of that article as relates to the bull 3d 
Duke of Cambridge (5,951). As Mr. Chapman 
does not understand my views, and therefore 
mis-states and misconstrues them, I reply to him. 
He takes positions, which present questions 
so numerous, complicated, and extensive, that I 
must leave them unnoticed, as there is, just 
now, a propriety in not discussing them ; when 
this condition ends, I shall do so, and will fully 
consider them. I merely enter nay protest to 
show non-assent, with the intimation to Mr. 
Chapman that his views shall receive attention 
and refutation hereaftei*. 
In this notice, I propose to state my meaning 
in the paragraph, to a portion of which Mr. 
Chapman objects, and to refute some of his 
views of breeding. He adroitly seizes on the 
last sentence of my paragraph, of which it is 
the deduction. To be clear, I must re-produce 
the passage entire. Speaking of the 3d Duke of 
Cambridge/I said: 
" I take great pleasure in knowing, that I have 
brought to this country so superior a bull from 
the herd of that eminent breeder, Mr. Bates. He 
is the only bull in America got by Mr. Bates' 
crack prize bull, Duke of Northumberland, 
(1,940,) the best bull Mr. Bates ever bred. Mr. 
Bates has but one more, got by the same bull, 
now left ; and Duke of Northumberland is dead. 
Mr. Bates repeatedly told me, that 3d Duke of 
Cambridge was more like his sire than any bull 
ever got by him. Breeders, desiring the blood 
of Mr. Bates, can nowhere else in this country, 
procure it with such high characteristics of style, 
quality, symmetry, and substance." 
Of this, Mr. C. attempts the refutation of the 
last sentence only. I may therefore assume 
that he admits the rest. He quotes, " breeders 
desiring the blood of Mr. Bates, can nowhere 
else, in this country, procure it with such high 
characteristics of style, quality, symmetry, and 
substance." This is the text, its disproval the 
object of his whole article. Never was an un- 
fortunate sentence so misunderstood, nor so per- 
verted by design. By its use, in an article print- 
ed in Canada, by Hon. A. Fergusson, I am charged 
with asserting " that from Mr. Sherwood,(througn 
3d Duke of Cambridge,) and from him alone, 
the Duchess blood can be procured, in this coun- 
try." In letters addressed to others, and shown 
to me, it is said that this sentence means " that 
the 3d Duke of Cambridge possesses more of 
Mr. Bates' Duchess blood than any other bull in 
America." And I am charged with so saying 
and designing so to say. Mr. Chapman makes 
it mean the same thing, but. does so by inference 
or deduction ; his words are, " no one will deny 
that if any one animal from a herd possesses 
the power of imparting to his produce, ' higher 
characteristics of style, quality, symmetry, and 
substance,' than any other animal from the same 
herd, it must possess more of the choice blood 
of that particular herd. To question this, is at 
once doubting the efficacy of blood animals." 
That is, my position, if it be true, must be true 
because 3d Duke of Cambridge has more of Mr. 
Bates' choice blood, (viz. the Duchess blood,) 
than any other bull in America. This is the 
meaning Mr. Chapman places on my words. 
Having done this, he proceeds to prove, by 
quoting Mr. Bates' opinion in his own words 
from a printed public letter, " that the choice 
blood of his herd is the Duchess blood." I never 
heard that any one ever doubted that such was 
Mr. Bates' opinion. Mr. C. then gives the pedi- 
gree of 3d Duke of Cambridge, (5,941) and Mr. 
Vail's Duke of Wellington, (3,654,) and, by those 
pedigrees, shows that Cambridge has one cross, 
of Duchess blood, and that Wellington has two. 
The precise quantity which Mr. Chapman gives 
to each, is i to Cambridge and ■§- to Wellington, 
Now 'all this shows in 'Mr. Chapman, a total 
want of knowledge of the laws of breeding, and 
of pedigrees in general, and in special of the 
particular pedigrees which he gives of these an- 
imals ; but, to explain this as to pedigrees would 
require too much space now. If Mr. Chapman 
be correct, then it would be true, that a bull got 
by one of Mr. Bates' Duchess bulls, dam by a 
Duchess bull, grandam a. poor roadside tack, would 
be a better getter, (would impart more " high 
characteristics of style, quality, symmetry, and 
substance,") than a bull got by a Duchess bull, 
out of a pure, full-bred, stylish shorthorn cow, 
of another approved tribe. Such an absurdity 
no one, unless it be Mr. Chapman himself, or 
some one as little skilled as he, would maintain, 
and perhaps not even he, though he seems 
to do so. On his rule, if the sires have 
each the same amount of Duchess blood, they 
would possess and impart equal " style, quality, 
symmetry, and substance." Yet, no two full 
brothers were ever equally good animals, and 
equally good getters. Duke of Northumberland, 
(1,940,) and 2d Duke of Northumberland, (3,646,) 
were full brothers ; the first was very superior 
as an individual, and very superior as a getter; 
the last far inferior to his brother as an individ- 
ual, and far inferior as a getter. The 3d and 
4th Dukes of Northumberland, (3,647, 3,649,) 
were full brothers and twins ; the 3d Duke Mr. 
Bates never used, and he was far inferior both 
as an individual and as a getter to the 4th Duke. 
The 3d and 4th Dukes had more Duchess blood 
than their half brother, Duke of Northumberland, 
(1,940,) and yet were far, very far inferior to 
Duke of Northumberland, (1,940,) as individuals 
and as getters. 
