22 
KEEP YOUR STABLES WARM. 
sions ; and although the separation made them look 
iorlorn, their splendor adorned the lovely scenery. 
The hickory, too, with its luxuriant growth has 
kept its rank and station, its brilliant green and ex- 
panded wide leaves showed plainly there was 
something beneath the surface to support them, in 
competition against their original rival standards. 
There is nothing artificial, save one small clump of lo- 
custs; while these, in other soils would have 
dwindled, or have been bored to death, still live and 
flourish luxuriantly. There is no appearance of 
aristocracy amongst them, although their verdure and 
foliage varies in color and richness, their originali- 
ty keeps each family on equality. Their strength 
of body gives each an attractive appearance, and 
their whole attire is gay, commanding, and beauti- 
fully picturesque. There nature triumphs in all its 
glory; neither skill, science, nor fashion's pride, 
could paint a more pleasing picture. 
A view of this magnificent scenery and the sur- 
rounding hills, could be taken from the beautiful 
lawn in front of Miss Wadsworth's mansion, com- 
manding a very extensive landscape. It cannot be 
surpassed. It is equal and very similar to that of 
Biishey Park, and its neighborhood, from Rich- 
mond Terrace, near London, and it is there sup- 
posed that none can equal it. 
The view from Mr. W.'s is not so extensive. 
Although more confined, it is very beautiful. 
Rustic bridges and winding paths through the wil- 
derness near the mansion, are quite rural and ro- 
mantic ; sufficiently so as to induce all wealthy 
citizens to follow his laudable example, if they 
knew what constituted true happiness. The up- 
land of Mr. W.'s farm is not so productive as the 
flats, still it is an excellent soil, and the course he 
pursues, keeping a large number of sheep, feeding 
two years and plowing two, keeps the land in a 
good state of cultivation. 
Farm of Mr. Ayrault. — I was very much pleased 
while viewing two small farms belonging to Mr. 
Allen Ayrault. The produce on sixty acres, look- 
ed exceedingly promising. The wheat looked like 
good quality, and good yield ; the corn of luxuriant 
growth, and a crop of broadcast that I should say 
would cut from seven to eight tons per acre in 
September. All crops seemed to be uniform, free 
from weeds and refuse. Every part of manure 
carefully preserved in mines, until the crops require 
it. The most rigid neatness was observed about 
his barnyard, an excellent sign of a good farmer. 
However, his crops, horses, cattle, sheep, and 
pigs are in uniformity, of superior quality. 
There are two small cottages built by this gen- 
tleman, that have a very pretty and neat appear- 
ance. They are neither Gothic, Grecian, nor Ital- 
ian, but entirely constructed according to his own 
taste ; therefore, I shall call them American. They 
are decidedly convenient and economical. The 
first was built by contract, including all materials 
and cellar, for $275. When completed, the lines of 
the lot not being at right angles, and some other 
circumstances, its appearance was naked. He 
then, to remedy it, annexed a small woodhouse, 
and carriage house, at an expense, including every- 
thing, of $'125 more, making all the buildings as 
they now appear, to cost only the moderate sum of 
#400. The other house, at his small farm, is larger, 
and so constructed as to accommodate and be good 
tenements for two small families ; but this house 
was not altogether new. The old house is on the 
same ground, at an elevation of two feet above the 
present one, with its external design as bad as 
could be, and the covering all deranged. Two 
years ago, Mr. A. had the covering and internal 
work all cleared away, the cellar sunk two feet, 
the frame turned quite around, and let down thus 
much. The woodhouse, &c, all done by contract, 
including materials, at $500. Some extras he 
added afterwards, made the total expense $535. 
The workmen assured Mr. A. that they would pre- 
fer building entirely new at the same price. 
If the owners of land generally would copy such 
style on as large or small a scale as they choose, in- 
stead of such ill-shaped, unsightly, and rude at- 
tempts at architecture, what a different appearance 
the country would have. It is a pity that more 
rich men do not display some of their own taste for 
the benefit of their country. 
I was very much surprised to see much of the 
land from Attica to Geneseo exceeding impoverish- 
ed. I heard from a practical farmer, that his wheat 
crop, sixty acres, would not average over twelve 
bushels per acre, and that was about the general run 
of the farmers' crops. There certainly must be 
some very bad management with such land. 
This farmer had three acres near his house ; be- 
tween sixty and seventy sheep had been foddered 
there the whole of the winter. It was pastured 
the following summer, the sod turned over in Au- 
gust and first week in September, then sowed on 
the stretch furrow. This crop he acknowledged to 
be full forty bushels per acre. A friend of 
mine asked him the reason of his failure in the re- 
mainder of his crops. He said the wevil, or some 
other excuse ; but this was not the case, it was 
constant cropping and impoverishing, which is far 
too prevalent in this country. It is too bad that 
such excellent wheat land should be so abused. 
My idea of the management of such soil should be 
this : Sow clover, mow one year for sheep in 
winter, graze it with sheep two years, plow it once 
the latter end of August, sow the wheat the first 
rain in September ; put on your manure in the 
winter in the frost or snow on the top ; you cannot 
keep it above too much in my opinion (more of this 
in another article). Sow barley or oats the follow- 
ing spring after the wheat is off, and lay it down for 
three years ; again pursuing the same course as be- 
fore. By this system your land would not become 
sterile so quickly. It is impossible to keep land in 
condition without sheep and cattle. 
Wm. H. Sotham. 
Black Rock, August 25th, 1848. 
■» 
Keep your. Stables Warm. — In a brief article, 
p. 20, of this number, we speak of the necessi- 
ty of proper ventilation of stables. This can be 
easily done, and yet keep them sufficiently warm 
for the stock. Due warmth is essential to the 
growth and fattening of all animals, and the pro- 
duction of wool in sheep. No farmer can expect 
much of either during the winter months, if he let 
his stock be out and exposed to the weather, or if 
his stages are not properly boarded up, the win- 
dows set in, and the doors hung. Next to 
plenty of good food, water, and air, is good 
shelter. 
