114 
ROUGH NOTES BY THE WAT. NO. 7- 
allowed to rot in heaps, or are thrown into the 
river. — Eds.] 
Pear Trees Injured by Insects. — What a valuable 
and interesting article this is under this head, from 
two practical and scientific men. Although it 
might look like a great job to go over a large or- 
chard with such a wash : yet, if the insect could 
thereby be got rid of, it would well pay the cost and 
trouble. I am inclined to think that the disease is 
spreading somewhat extensively, and it, therefore, 
becomes the interest of readers to have their atten- 
tion called to this article, that they may read it 
again. 
Importation of Pure-bred Saxony Sheep. — Mr. 
Taintor is certainly entitled to much credit for his 
enterprise in getting into this country some of the 
best sheep ever imported. I hope he may meet his 
reward, if not in dollars, in an approving conscience, 
for the vast benefit he may confer upon his coun- 
try by the manner he uses his wealth. If the little 
meed of commendation that I am able to bestow 
upon him, will serve as the least fraction of satis- 
faction to him. I shall think I have only done my 
duty by so doing. But what effect are those " im- 
mense flocks now forming on the sea of Azof " to 
have upon this country ? If to reduce the price of 
wool below its present value, one million acres of 
equally well-suited land might as well lie idle, as to 
be made into sheep walks. Men will look for busi- 
ness that brings more profit. 
Southern Matters. — I am pleased to see that this 
New-Orleans branch of the great Agricultural 
Warehouse is not to be broken up. Not that it is 
of any particular interest to me, but because I look 
upon every establishment of this sort, as a kind of 
entering wedge of improvement in the condition of 
the agriculture of the country. If this Mr. Frank- 
lin is the old cotton merchant that I used to know 
in New Orleans > some years ago, when I was in the 
freighting business there, the establishment has 
fallen into good hands — one who may be depended 
upon for integrity, though I presume his knowl- 
edge of agricultural matters is not equal to that of 
R. L. A. j yet, if I mistake not, he was raised upon 
a New-England Farm. I hope the business will 
grow to be equal to that of New York. It will be 
for planters' interest to patronize this establishment 
in New Orleans. 
Small Holdings. — This is one of the beauties of 
America. Look at the many thousands in this 
country, who fill this picture drawn by Adam 
Smith. To be able to look around and say, "this 
is my own," is a stimulus that induces many a 
man to toil till he can purchase a little home for 
his family • and then he has sufficient inducement 
to continue his toil, for he is improving his own 
soil. I was just reading of the surprise of an En- 
glish traveller, while journeying through a western 
forest, to see a man at work setting an orehard 
among the stumps. But here is the secret. That 
man owned the land. He was no tenant of some 
exacting landlord. He was the lord of the land he 
was thus improving, himself. It is the true secret 
of why enterprise anl intelligence exist to so great 
a degree in our new country — the inhabitants are 
all iarge or " small holders." 
That this country may never, in the agricultural 
portion of it, be cursed with a population of land- 
lords and tenants, is the earnest wish of your 
Reviewer, 
ROUGH NOTES BY THE WAY.— No. 7. 
While at Philadelphia, in July last, 1 improved 
my first opportunity to visit Mr. Wilkinson's Agri- 
cultural School, at Mount Airy, Germantown, 
seven miles from the above-named city. I regret 
that my stay could not have been more protracted 
at that beautiful spot in whieh the beauties of na- 
ture and the result of the skill of art blended, form 
one of the most healthful and delightful places to 
be found. 
The situation now occupied by Mr. W., for the 
purposes of his school, is that recently the home 
of James Gowen, Esq., whose eminence as an agri- 
culturist, is, perhaps, unsurpassed in this country. 
The buildings are substantial, and sufficiently spa- 
cious for the accommodation of 60 or 80 pupils-. 
The grounds adjacent to the house are beautifully 
decorated by numerous varieties of exotic and indi- 
genous fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, and flow- 
ers, with a goodly number of choice and healthy 
green-house plants, tastefully arranged. The farm, 
which contains about 70 acres of beautiful land,, is 
in a fine state of cultivation, and the growing and 
recently-harvested crops, that were about as various 
as the climate will admit of, reflected most favorably 
for the skill and industry of Mr. W. and his pu- 
pils. 
Among other crops, my attention was particularly 
attracted by the luxuriance as well as the cleanli- 
ness of the culture, of about two acres of orange 
carrots, which Mr. W. informed me he designed 
for his horses and cows during the winter. They 
were sown in drills by one of Messrs. Ruggles, 
Nourse and Mason's drill barrows, about 20 inches 
apart, and 6 inches asunder in the drills. The 
planting was done by the pupils, and with few ex- 
ceptions, (which were rather thin, in consequence 
of the drill barrow not having been properly regu- 
lated, at first,) the drills were as uniform in width, 
as straight, and as beautifully distributed in rows, as 
any field crop I ever saw. There was also on the 
place, a field of about five acres of very thrifty 
potatoes, in which there was scarcely a weed to be 
seen. [For an account of this crop and the mode 
of cultivation, see p. 55 of the current volume.] 
Adjacent to the potatoes, was a piece of land, 
which had been underdrained by Mr. W. for the 
benefit of his pupils. This was very beautifully 
tilled, and sown with white Dutch turnips, giving 
a flattering promise of a great crop. [At p. 316, 
vol. vii., of the Agriculturist, there will be seen a 
description of the mode of underdraining there 
practiced.] The perfectly-reclaimed and dry ap- 
pearance of the land, as seen in his turnip field, is 
convincing evidence of the correctness and utility 
of his method. 
By the system practised by Mr. Wilkinson, a 
large portion of the farm is devoted to grain and 
roots; still, a large stock of cattle, horses, and 
swine are kept, by means of the partial-soiling sys- 
tem ; lucern and gourd-seed corn, sown broadcast, 
being the crops chiefly used for that purpose. 
An immense amount of manure is made on the 
