ARBORETUMS. 
237 
early in the spring, and want nothing in the 
way of attention all through their culture, hut 
keeping clear from weeds. 
WALL-FLOWERS FROM CUTTINGS. 
The double Wall-flowers, whether the dark 
Blood Wall, as it is called, or the Golden, or 
the pale Yellow, are of a habit that is highly 
favourable for propagation. When the bloom 
is over, they require watering quite as much 
as when coming into flower; and it is a very 
good plan, when the flower is declining, to 
plant them out in the open ground, give them 
plenty of water, and pick off all the remaining 
flowers, as well as any that may be coming 
from side shoots. Soon after they have been 
so planted out, they will throw out shoots all 
over the stems. These are to be taken or 
stripped off as soon as they are large enough, 
and planted all over the space that can be 
covered with a hand-glass, not more than an 
inch apart. The soil must be rich and light, 
but not fresh dunged; and when placed therein 
and well watered, the glass must be pressed 
down close to exclude the air. Where this is 
done on a smaller scale, pots may be filled with 
the proper soil, loam, peat, and leaf mould, 
and the few cuttings placed away from the 
edges, so that a goblet or small bell-glass may 
be pressed down within the rim. In either 
case the cuttings will require occasional water- 
Big and shading until they have struck, when 
they may be potted, one in a forty-eight sized 
pot, and placed still in the shade, on a dry 
surface of ashes, or gravel, or slate, or paving 
of some kind, until the end of September, 
when they may be put into their winter quar- 
ters, which should be a common garden-frame 
and light; but they should only be covered of 
nights and in hard weather: it is impossible to 
give them too much air. Here they may be 
kept until they flower, after which, if they are 
to be grown another season, they must be 
shifted to pots of thirty-two to the cast, as soon 
as the bloom decays, and then all their shoots 
must be allowed to grow, instead of being 
taken off for cuttings. It is, however, gene- 
rally the case that the plants, though they 
grow larger, bloom smaller flowers; and there- 
fore Wall-flowers, like Pinks and Pansies, and 
many other subjects, are annually raised from 
I cuttings. These remarks, however, only apply 
to the common, well-known sorts of double Wall- 
i flowers. That there are many different species, 
having different habits, will appear from the 
fact, that no less than ten were introduced in 
' 1573; but these differ mostly in colour, and 
! only slightly in habit. For instance, Cheir- 
anthus Cheiri, orange colour; C. C. ferrugi- 
neus, brown ; C. C. flavescens, yellow ; C. C. 
flore-pleno, double yellow; C. C. grandiflorus, 
| yellow; C. C. hremanthus, blood colour; C. C. 
maximus, yellow; C. C. patulu?, yellow; C C. 
sanguineus, dark brown ; C. C. serratus, yel- 
low; C. C. thyrsoides, and C. C. variu.s, varie- 
gated. Now, all these were introduced from 
the south of Europe at the same time, and 
among several of them the distinction was 
certainly not worth noting. They are all 
frame varieties, too, and require the culture 
we have already pointed out. There are only 
two in the modern works noticed as hardy, 
C fruticulosus and C. Dubius, or ochroleucus; 
one British, the other Swiss. The following 
are green-house plants, but nearly all the 
double kinds are much more deserving the 
name of hardy than one-half the plants so 
designated. The green-house species (so 
called) are — 
C. alpinus, yellow; from the south of Europe, 
1810. 
C. arbor ens, yellow; from Egypt, 1827. 
Cfirmus, yellow; from the south of Europe, 
1816. 
C. linifolius, purple; from Spain, 1815. 
C. mutabiiis, yellow and purple; from Ma- 
deira, 1777. 
C. m. longifolius, white and purple ; from 
Madeira, 1815. 
C. scoparius, white and purple; from Tene- 
riffe, 1812. 
C. s. ceruginosus, rusty colour, from Tene- 
riffe, 1812. 
C. s. chamceleo, yellow and purple ; from 
Teneriffe, 1812. 
C. semperjlorens, white ; from Barbary, 
1815. 
C. s. frutescens, white ; from Teneriffe, 
1815. 
C. tenuifolius, yellow; from Madeira, 1777. 
Any or all of these may be cultivated in a 
similar manner to the previously-mentioned 
frame sorts, except that, being rather more 
tender, they must have green-house instead of 
frame protection; in all other respects similar. 
There are, independent of the species already 
mentioned, some novelties which may be called 
garden varieties. Nevertheless, we find par- 
ticularly noticed, Cheiranthus Cheiri hseman- 
thus, blood colour; C. C. purpureus, said by 
Paxton and Lindley to be a stove variety, but 
perhaps a misprint; and C. C. purpureus varie- 
gatus, purple. Upon the whole, -whether for 
their fragrance, their early blooming, or their 
easy culture, we hardly know a more general 
favourite than the Stock and the Wall-flower; 
nor one so much improved by the florist, and 
increased in varieties. 
ARBORETUMS. 
BY JAMES GRIGOR, OF THE NORWICH NURSERY. 
% The work of collecting and arranging cer- 
tain families of ligneous plants has of late 
