THE CULTIVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ROSES. 
275 
away all the wood, and the stocks will, in all 
probability, grow in time for budding other 
sorts upon the same season you discover the 
deficiency of these already worked. In this 
way, without incurring much trouble, you may 
satisfy yourself as to the quality of seedlings 
for a certainty the third year; therefore you 
should provide yourself with stocks for that 
purpose, whenever you sow seedlings. For 
China sorts, you should have some strong 
stocks of the common China, or Boursault, or 
the Dog-rose, in good-sized pots, and well- 
established; for they may be budded later, pro- 
tected better, and indeed some of the seedlings 
which partake much of the Chinas, are tender, 
and really require protection from the frosts. 
The summary of this seed-growing business, 
for the production of new Roses, then, is some- 
thing like the following : — 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR SEEDLINGS. 
March. — Sow the seeds in large pots or 
deep pans, and keep them from once getting 
dry, or being frosted. 
April. — Keep them moist; and in a very 
dry season, which sometimes occurs, lay some 
wet moss lightly at the top; but, at any rate, 
see they do not get dry. Shade them from the 
hot sun. 
Mat. — The young plants will be up, and 
require great care to keep them from damaging 
from too much wet, or burning up for want of 
moisture. 
June. — The plants will have advanced 
enough to pot off, one in a pot, size sixty, with 
loam, peat, and decomposed dung, and they 
must be placed in the shade out of doors, or 
in a frame and light, to grow five or six weeks. 
See to watering them when required, and on 
any appearance of green fly, fumigate them 
with tobacco. 
July. — Plant them out in beds, four feet 
wide, of the same soil, without disturbing the 
balls of earth : let them be six inches from the 
side, and a foot apart all over. Protect from 
vermin by all the ordinary means. Shade them 
from the heat of the sun at mid-day. "Water 
occasionally. 
August. — Bud any of the sorts of which 
the wood is sufficiently strong, and the plant 
sufficiently promising, on strong, healthy 
stocks, in the ordinary way; and lay a little 
loose moss over the bud, to be kept damp, the 
first few days. 
September. — Others may be budded on the 
China and Boursault stocks in pots, but you 
should select such as promise to be of the 
China, or smooth-wooded kind. See that the 
stocks of the August-budded, do not shoot. 
"Weed those in beds. 
October. — Examine the August-budded, to 
loosen the ties, if necessary. Break off, or cut 
off, the wild part above the bud, all but one 
growing eye, to keep up the circulation ; re- 
move all other shoots and branches ; cut up 
all suckers ; gather the berries or hips of any 
desirable Roses, if ripe. Look to those budded 
on stocks in pots. 
November. — Continue this treatment. 
Throw light litter, such as peashaulm, over the 
Roses in beds of a night, and when it is frost, 
do not remove it during the day ; continue 
gathering ripe berries or hips ; cut out the 
weak shoots from all the seedlings, keeping 
only the robust and strong ones on the plant, 
except such as you want for buds. 
December. — Put a tile at the bottom of a 
flower-pot, and put the hips that are perfectly 
ripe in, covering them three or four inches in 
sand, to keep them till wanted; or lay them out 
thinly on a dry shelf, to dry out the moisture : 
the latter is the best in our opinion. See that 
the stocks which are budded are secured to 
stakes against the effects of the wind. Protect 
the smooth-wooded kinds,budded on the stocks, 
in pots from the frost, and look well to the litter 
on those in beds. 
January. — Continue the December treat- 
ment throughout this month ; and as the smooth- 
wooded sorts, budded in pots, will be growing, 
support these shoots; and remove all other 
eyes from the stocks, the instant they break. 
February. — Bruise the berries, and rub out 
the seed ready for sowing next month; con- 
tinuing the same treatment in other respects. 
SECOND YEAR. 
March. — Sow other seed as before. Ex- 
amine all the buds of the last year. Clear 
away suckers and buds of the stocks, where 
they incline to grow. See that they are all 
fastened to the stakes, to save them from the 
wind. 
April. — Treat the seed as last year. Weed 
the Roses in beds. Bud any of the smooth- 
wooded kinds that are strong enough, in China 
or Boursault stocks, growing in pots. Shorten 
some of the strongest wood, and if any of the 
weak are left on, remove them. Be vigilant 
among the stocks of last year's budding, to pre- 
vent them from growing, and checking the 
buds. 
May. — Attend as last year upon the seed- 
lings in pots; as the buds of last year's insert- 
ing push, protect them from the wind, by gently 
fastening them to a stick bound on the stock 
for that purpose, as when a shoot is strong and 
not protected, the wind has sometimes power 
to blow the bud quite out of its place. 
June. — Look to the seedlings in the pans; 
they require potting off. The bed may be 
weeded, and the earth stirred between the Roses. 
The watering must be attended to; they should 
be syringed also with a fine rose on the syringe, 
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