300 
THE CULTURE OF HAltDY PERENNIALS. 
know nothing of our seed. As soon as any 
are large enough to manage well, they must be 
planted out six inches apart, in rows a foot from 
each other. Here they must stand till they have 
made their year's growth, which will be con- 
siderable ; and this completed, they may be 
removed to their places in the beds or borders 
they are to fill permanently. Most of them, 
if not all, will bloom the year after sowing, if 
the sowing is in spring, and some persons, who 
are rather choice of sorts, will allow them to 
flower in the bed they are first transplanted 
in, and only remove the best when the bloom 
is over. This occupies two seasons instead 
of one. It is far better to remove all you want 
for your borders, and then, at or after bloom- 
ing time, remove only the objectionable ones, 
and, at the proper season, fill their places with 
others, which you may have preferred in the 
bed. 
To complete this subject, we add a descrip- 
tive list of hardy perennials, in which we have 
given the colour of bloom, the height of the 
plant, and the usual month of flowering. 
DESCRIPTIVE LIST. 
Those marked (*) are the most ornamental and desir- 
able : those marked ( j) the most recently introduced. 
Acanthus mollis, (Smooth Bear's Breech.) 
— The leaves are large, pinnatifid ; the stem 
erect, with axillary somewhat labiate, purple 
flowers ; height, three feet. Flowers in July. 
Achillea Clavenn^e, (Silver-leaved Mille- 
foil.) — A tufted, downy plant, with pinnatifid 
leaves, the lobes two or three times cleft, and 
subumbellate, dense corymbs of small white 
composite flowers; height, six inches. Flowers 
in June. 
* Achillea Ptarmica, (Sneezewort.) — 
This has an erect stem, branched at the top; 
the leaves are linear lanceolate ; the flowers 
numerous, composite, white ; height, two feet. 
Flowers in August. There is a double-flow- 
ered variety, which is very showy. 
Achillea Millefolium, (Common Millefoil, 
or Yarrow.) — This has an erect stem, panicled 
at the top, bearing dense corymbs of small 
white, composite flowers; the leaves are pin- 
nately divided into narrow multifid segments; 
height, two feet. Flowers in August. The 
white or common variety of this plant is 
pretty; but there is a variety with rose-co- 
loured flowers, which is much handsomer. 
Achillea TOMENTOSA,(Downy -leaved Mille- 
foil.) — The leaves are pinnately divided into 
narrow multifid segments ; the stem erect, 
nearly simple, bearing a many-flow r ered corymb 
of small yellow, or orange-coloured composite 
flowers ; height, six inches. Flowers in July. 
Aconitum Napellus, (Common Monks- 
hood.) — These plants have much the appear- 
ance of the perennial Larkspur ; the leaves are 
more finely cut or lobed ; the flowers of this 
kind are blue, of a peculiar hood-like con- 
struction ; height, three to four feet. Flowers 
in July. 
*Aconitum variegatum, (Variegated 
Monkshood.) — Differs chiefly from the last in 
having white flowers, with the edges of a deep 
blue, forming a very handsome variegated 
flower ; height, three to four feet. Flowers 
in July. 
Ajuga reptans, (Creeping, or Common 
Bugle.) — A creeping plant ; the leaves are 
ovate, or obovate; the flowers labiate, bluish, 
in whorled obtuse spikes; height, six inches. 
Flowers in June. 
Ajuga genevensis, (Geneva Bugle.) — The 
stem erect ; the leaves oblong, elliptic ; the 
flowers labiate, blue, in whorled spikes; height, 
nine inches. Flowers in June. 
Allium senescens, (Narcissus-leaved Gar- 
lic.) — Bulbous ; the leaves are linear, spirally 
twisted; the flowers star-like, light purple, in 
a many-flowered umbel; height, six inches. 
Flowers in July. 
*f Allium cg;ruleum, (Coerulean Garlic.) 
— Bulbous ; the leaves are linear, triquetrous ; 
the flowers dense, in globose umbels, small, 
star-like, bright blue ; height, one foot and a 
half. Flowers in June. 
* Allium Cowanii, (Cowan's Garlic.) — 
Bulbous; the leaves linear, lanceolate, much 
attenuated, and lengthened to a point ; the 
flowers rather large, white, in a many-flowered 
umbel ; height, one foot and a half. Flowers 
in June. 
*Altssum saxatile, (Rock Alyssum, or 
Mad-wort.) — This is almost a suffruticose, or 
half-shrubby plant. It is evergreen; the leaves 
are lanceolate ; the flowers in dense heads on 
a low branching stem, small, cruciform, yellow, 
very ornamental, and forming most excellent 
beds for spring flowering ; height, one foot 
Flowers in June. 
Ammobium alatum, (Winged Ammobium.) 
— This is an " everlasting ;" the leaves are 
oblong ; the stem erect, and much branched, 
bearing white flowers about as broad as a six- 
pence, and nearly globular ; height, two feet. 
Flowers in July. 
Anchusa paniculata, (Panicled-flowered 
Bugloss.) — This is a large-growing, erect, 
hairy plant; the leaves lanceolate ; the flowers- 
in conjugate, or twin-panicled racemes, blue, 
with a white throat; the segments of the 
flower are roundish ; height, four to five feet. 
Flowers in June. Very showy, but difficult to 
get out of the ground when once established. 
Anemone Pulsatilla, (Common Pasque 
Flower.) — Tuberous-rooted; the root* leaves 
are divided into many narrow segments ; the 
* It is necessary to explain, that with many herbace- 
ous plants, the leaves borne near the ground are differ- 
ent from those on the stems, both as to size and shape 
