THE CULTURE OF HARDY PERENNIALS. 
507 
*Galatella linifolia, (Flax-leaved Ga- 
latella.) — This has linear leaves and an erect 
stem, corymbose at the top; the flowers are 
composite, white; height, one foot and a half. 
Flowers in July. 
*Galatella cava, (Hoary Galatella.) — 
This has lanceolate oblong leaves, and an 
erect, corymbosely branched stem; the flowers 
are composite, light purple or lilac ; height, 
one foot and a half. Flowers in August. 
*Gentiana verna, (Spring-flowered Gen- 
tian.) — A dwarf tufted plant, with ovateleaves, 
and large erect, salver-shaped, deep azure blue 
flowers ; height, three inches. Flowers in 
April and May. There is a white-flowered 
variety. This is called Ericala verna. 
*Gentiana acaulis, (Stemless Gentian.) 
— A dwarf tufted plant, with very large, long, 
bell-shaped, deep blue flowers, and ovate 
leaves ; height, three inches. Flowers in 
April and May. This is called Pneumonanthe 
acaulis. 
*Gentiana Pneumonanthe, (Calathian 
Violet.) — This has an erect stem, and linear, 
spathulate leaves ; the flowers are clustered, 
funnel-shaped, deep blue; height, nine inches. 
Flowers in August. This is called Pneumo- 
nanthe vulgaris. 
*Gentiana septemfida, (Seven-cleft-flow- 
ered Gentian.) — This has an erect stem ; the 
leaves lanceolate ; flowers clustered, funnel- 
shaped, light blue; height, one foot. Flowers 
in July. Called Pneumonanthe septemfida. 
*Gentiana saponaria, (Soapwort-like 
Gentian.) — The leaves are oblong, lanceolate; 
the flowers are clustered, beli-shaped, ventri- 
cose, fine blue; height, one foot and a half. 
Flowers in August and September. This is 
called Pneumonanthe saponaria. 
*Gentiana asclepiadea, (Asclepias-like 
Gentian.) — An erect plant, with ovate, lanceo- 
late leaves, and numerous campanulate, deep 
blue, flowers, at the top of the stem; height, 
one foot. Flowers in July. There is a white 
variety. This plant is called Coilantha ascle- 
piadea. 
*Geranium sanguineum, (Red-flowered 
Crane's Bill.) — The leaves are rounded, five- 
lobed; the flowers numerous, on a branching, 
diffuse stem, buttercup -shaped, blood-red co- 
lour; height, one foot. Flowers in July. 
* Geranium Ibericum, (Iberian Crane's 
Bill.) — The leaves rounded, five to seven- 
lobed; the flowers large, purplish blue, on a 
slightly branched stem; height, one foot and 
a half. Flowers in July. 
Geranium striatum, (Streaked-flowered 
Crane's Bill.) — The leaves rounded, five-lobed; 
the flowers flesh-coloured, with veiny stripes 
or lines of darker colour ; height, one foot. 
Flowers in August. 
Geranium phjEUM, (Dusky Crane's Bill.) 
— The leaves rounded, five-lobed ; the stem 
erect, branching, bearing small, nearly black 
flowers, with the petals reflexed; height, one 
foot or upwards. Flowers in May. 
*Geum coccineum, (Scarlet Geum.) — The 
root leaves tufted, lyre-shaped, lobed; the 
flowers rosaceous, (in shape like a single rose,) 
on an erect, branching stem, scarlet; height, 
one foot and a half. Flowers in July. 
Geum montanum, (Mountain Geum.) — 
Also called Sieversia montana. The root 
leaves tufted, pinnatifid lyrate; the flower- 
stem erect, bearing one large, yellow, showy, 
rosaceous flower ; height, six to nine inches. 
Flowers in July. 
*Gymnadenia conopsea, (Fragrant Gym- 
nadenia.) — Bulbous ; the leaves lanceolate ; 
the flowers (orchidaceous) purple, on an erect, 
dense spike; height, one foot. Flowers in 
June and July. 
* Hedysarum coronarium, (French Honey- 
suckle.) — An upright plant, with a branching 
stem, and large pinnate leaves, with roundish, 
elliptic leaflets ; the flowers crimson, pea- 
shaped, in close spikes at the end of long 
stalks, proceeding from the axils ; height, three 
feet. Flowers in June. It is scarcely more 
than a biennial. 
Hedysarum album, (White Hedysarum.) 
■ — The leaves pinnate, with linear leaflets; the 
flowers white, pea-shaped; height one foot. 
Flowers in July. 
Hedysarum grandiflorum, (Large-flow- 
ered Hedysarum.) — The leaves pinnate, with 
elliptic leaflets; the flowers pea-shaped, purple; 
height, one foot and a half. Flowers in July. 
Hedysarum roseum, (Posy Hedysarum.) — ■ 
The leaves numerously pinnated, with elliptic 
leaflets ; the flowers rose-coloured, pea-shaped, 
in oblong axillary spikes, on an erect stem ; 
height, six inches. Flowers in August. 
*Helleborus niger, (Christmas Rose.) — 
The root-leaves are fingered, and from among 
them the large white spreading flowers rise, 
about six inches high, in the dead of winter ; 
if the plants are established, and the situation 
at all sheltered, they bloom in profusion, and 
are extremely beautiful at that season. 
Heeianthus multiflorus, (Many flowered 
Sunflower.) — The stem is erect, branching ; 
the leaves large, cordately ovate ; the flowers 
are numerous, large, composite, yellow ; 
height, three feet. Flowers in September. 
There is a double-flowered variety, which is 
very showy. 
*Helychrysum arenarium, (Sand Ever- 
lasting.) — A dwarf-plant, entirely covered with 
a whitish down ; the lower leaves ovate 
oblong ; the upper ones linear ; the flowers 
small, nearly globular, yellow, " everlasting," 
in a densely corymbose head ; height, six 
inches. Flowers in August. 
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