THE CULTURE OF HARDY PERENNIALS. 
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Piiysostegia vinoiNiCA, (Virginian Phy- 
sostegia.) — The stem erect; the leaves usually 
lanceolate; the flesh-coloured, or pale purple 
flowers, nearly sessile, in terminal racemes; 
height, two feet. Flowers in August. 
Piiyteuma orbiculare, (Orbicular Phy- 
teuma.) — The root leaves are lanceolate, sub- 
cordate ; the upper ones linear lanceolate ; the 
flowers in globular heads, violet blue; height, 
two feet. Flowers in July. 
*Polemonium cceruleum, (Common Greek 
Valerian.) — The root leaves , pinnate, leaflets 
ovate lanceolate ; the stem erect, with ter- 
minal corymbs of rotate (roundish) flowers of 
a purple blue colour; height, one foot and a 
half. Flowers in June. There is a white 
variety. 
*Polemonium sibiricum, (Siberian Greek 
Valerian.) — The root leaves are pinnate, the 
leaflets pinnatifid ; habit same as the last ; 
flowers white ; height, two feet. Flowers in 
June and July. 
*Polemonium reptans, (Creeping Greek 
Valerian.) — The root creeping ; the leaves 
pinnate, the leaflets ovate ; the flowers blue, 
nodding, in a loose panicled corymb ; height, 
six inches. Flowers in April and May. 
*Potentilla Thomasii, (Thomas's Cinque- 
foil.) — The leaves tufted, palmated, divided 
into seven ob-ovate lobes; the stem erect, 
branching in a corymbose manner, and bear- 
ing numerous large, yellow, rosaceous flowers; 
height, one foot and a half to two feet. Flowers 
in June. 
*f Potentilla insignis, (Specious Cinque- 
foil.) — The stem erect, branching ; the leaves 
ternate (three oval leaflets) ; the flowers large, 
deep yellow; height, two feet. Flowers in 
July and August. 
*Potentilla atrosanguestea, (Blood-red 
Cinquefoil.) — The leaves trilobed, silky; the 
stem decumbent at the base, afterwards erect, 
branched, bearing large, rosaceous, blood-red 
flowers ; height, one foot and a half. Flowers 
in July. P. Russelliana is a hybrid much 
resembling this. P. coccinea, with dark scarlet 
flowers, is also a hybrid. P. Hopwoodiana 
and P. Mackaj r ana, have large creamy flowers 
edged with pink, very showy ; and P. Mayana, 
yellow and pink flowers ; these three probably 
varieties of a species called P. formosa. 
Prenanthes purpureus, (Purple Prenan- 
thes.)— This has an erect stem, with oblong 
lanceolate leaves, and loose panicles of small 
purple composite flowers; height, one foot and 
a half. Flowers in August. 
*Primula cortusoides, (Cortusa-leaved 
Primrose.) — The leaves are cordate, tufted; the 
stem erect, bearing an umbel of erect red prim- 
rose flowers; height, one foot. Flowers in May, 
*Primula nivalis, (Snowy Primrose.) — 
The leaves ovate; the flowers in a many- 
flowered umbel ; white ; height, six inches. 
Flowers in April. 
*Primula verticillata, (Whorled Prim- 
rose.) — The leaves are oblong acute ; the 
flowers in whorls, numerous, small, dingy 
yellow ; height, three inches. Flowers in 
March. 
*Primula farinosa, (Bird's-eye Primrose.) 
— The leaves are cuneate lanceolate ; the 
flowers in a many-flowered umbel, small, red- 
dish ; height, six inches. Flowers in June. 
There are more than a dozen species of Prim- 
rose, all very pretty and desirable. 
*PS0RALEA MACROSTACHYA, (Broad-Spiked 
Psoralea.) — A pretty plant, with rough, tri- 
foliate leaves, the leaflets ovate ; and axil- 
lary dense spikes of purple, pea-shaped flowers; 
height, one foot. Flowers in June and July. 
Pulmonaria OFFICINALIS, (Common Lung- 
wort.) — An upright plant, with ovate cordate, 
spotted leaves, and corymbose racemes of red 
and violet, funnel-shaped flowers ; height, one 
foot. Flowers in May. 
Pulmonaria aztjrea, (Azure-blue Lung- 
wort.) — The root-leaves are oblong lanceolate; 
the flowers in corymbose terminal racemes, 
the tube red, and the limb azure blue; height, 
one foot. Flowers in May. 
Pyrola rotundifolia, (Round-leaved 
Pyrola.) — A dwarf plant, with sub-rotund 
tufted leaves ; and a small erect racemose 
scape, bearing small white spreading flowers ; 
height, six to nine inches. Flowers in June 
and July. 
Pyrola minor, (Small Pyrola.) — This has 
roundish oval leaves, and a racemose scape of 
small white and red flowers ; height, six 
inches. Flowers in June. 
*Ranunculus aconitifolius, (Aconite- 
leaved Crowfoot.) — The root-leaves are pal- 
mated with from three to seven lobes ; the 
flowers are small, white, buttercup-shaped, 
on a branching spreading stem ; height, one 
foot, or upwards. Flowers in May. A variety 
of this, with broader-lobed leaves, is called 
R. platanifolius, and it varies with pretty 
double white flowers. 
Ranunculus parnassifolius, (Parnassia- 
leaved Crowfoot.)- — This has cordate-ovate 
(that is 9 ovately heart-shaped) leaves ; the 
flowers, on an upright stem, white ; height, 
upwards of one foot. Flowers in June. 
Ranunculus GRAMiNEUS,(Grass-like Crow- 
foot.) — The leaves are lanceolate, linear ; the 
flowers, on an upright stem, yellow ; height, 
one foot. Flowers in May. There is a double 
variety. 
Rudbeckia hirta, (Hairy Rudbeckia.) — 
The leaves are broadly ovate ; the stem some- 
what branching, bearing at the ends a large com- 
posite yellow flower, with a dark purple centre, 
or disk ; height, two feet. Flowers in August. 
