481 
PRACTICAL GARDENING. 
OPERATIONS FOR NOVEMBER. — THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
Roses, which now form a great feature in 
all gardens of any pretensions, should be re- 
moved, to wherever they are wanted, and plan- 
tations of Roses should be made. There are 
many, however, which do not drop their 
leaves this month, and some even continue 
blooming if there be no killing frosts. Nobody 
cares to disturb a green tree with the certainty 
of hastening the fall of the leaf, and con- 
sequently such as have not dropped their 
leaves should be left until they have done so. 
In choosing Roses from a nursery, look well 
to the point of union between the Rose and 
the stock. Some heads are very slightly 
connected, and would be easily blown or 
broken off. Avoid all such, and look for those 
which have been budded on strong wood, and 
have fast hold of it. Select also those with 
strong, clean wood, well grown. The planting 
of Roses is a work requiring some care and 
attention, but no subject will bear removing 
better when properly planted. The instruc- 
tions last month must be followed this month, 
if not already fulfilled. In planting the Roses 
attend to the general rules for this operation, 
for they cannot mislead. Procure stocks, and 
plant them eighteen inches apart, in rows, 
three or four feet from each other ; confine 
them all to a sort of post and rail, or you may 
put stakes, about two feet apart, in the rows 
between some of the stocks, and let a strong 
cord go from one to the other — whip -cord will 
do — to tie the stocks to, so as to prevent 
the wind from disturbing them. Tender 
Roses, planted out of doors, should be taken up 
and potted, or laid in by the heels, in some 
shed, or have the head or plant covered with 
litter or hay -bands, or some other preservative 
against frost. 
Bulbous Roots of choice kinds, if not 
planted last month, should be put in the ground 
this month, early. Potted ones, for forcing, 
should also be got into their warm quarters, as 
directed last month, if not already done. The 
instructions last month are pretty general, and 
the papers devoted to the arrangement of beds 
of Tulips and Hyacinths should be read 
carefully, and attended to practically. This is 
the last month we should, from choice, plant 
any kind of bulbs, though we have frequently 
done it later, when driven to it by circum- 
stances which we could not control. Hyacinths 
for glasses, combining high quality with cheap- 
ness : — Red and pink — Grootvorst, Waterloo, 
Princess Elizabeth, and Lord "Wellington. 
Blue and purple — Lord Wellington, Mignonne 
dryf honte, Nimrod, and Earl Grey. White — 
Anna-Maria, Don Gratuit, Grand Vanqueur, 
and Premier Noble. These are also excellent 
in a bed or border. For general instructions 
as to bulbs, see the last two months. 
Shrubs. — Planting, if not done last month, 
must be done without delay, and all the 
established shrubs must be examined, and 
where there is any disposition to grow out of 
shape, the knife must be used ; for vigorous 
shoots will take away from the whole shrub, 
and make it stunted and ugly, in the general 
way; whereas, when any very strong branches 
are discovered early and checked at once, the 
whole plant grows more uniform. When this 
has not been attended to during the growth, it 
becomes doubly necessary to take off the entire 
vigorous shoot at this period. All shrubs and 
trees are the better for having a close bushy 
surface ; and the way to have this is to take 
off all the ends of shoots when they have 
grown a little, for it induces side shoots, which 
fill up the surface, and make a much richer 
appearance. This applies most to Laurels of 
all kinds, Hollies, Alaturnus, and such like 
shrubs ; not to Firs, Arbor Vitasas, Cedars, 
&c, which must grow their own way. Ex- 
amine ail kinds of shrubs that throw up 
suckers, and take off any that you can remove 
with a bit of root to them, and that will not be 
missed, or that will impoverish the appearance 
of the plant. Let them be planted out to 
grow into shrubs or trees ; Berberis, Pyrus 
Japonica, Ribes, Calycanthus, and many others, 
throw up suckers constantly, and by removing 
them annually a succession of young shrubs 
may be always raised without any trouble. It 
is better to shorten all that have run up much, 
for they make bushy plants. If you wish to 
make standards of the young suckers, they 
must not be shortened, but, on the contrary, 
be allowed to grow up as high as the stem is 
intended to be, and be then stopped by pinch- 
ing off the end or heart of the shoot, when 
lateral branches will come out to form the head; 
but during the period that the upright growth 
is going on, all the side shoots, but the two or 
three close to the top, are to be eut off close to 
the stem, that they may not take away from 
the upright growth, which is so desired to form 
standards. 
Laying Turfs. — The last month's opera- 
tions went to the making of alterations and 
forming new gardens, which operations con- 
ducted us as far as the planting. This month 
all the space intended to be lawn should be 
carefully smoothed over ; we cannot say 
levelled, because many lawns are not intended 
to be level, but to form gentle declivities or 
sweeps, hill and dale, undulating surface ; 
M M 
