§2 JOHNSON & STOKES 
collards, etc. It is one of the most hardy of vegetables, and 
in this latitude it will live over winter in the open ground, 
with only straw or litter as a protection. If cut for use when 
frozen it should be thawed out in cold water. The kales are 
among the most delicately flavored cabbages. Some of them 
are of such ornamental shape as to be full worthy of culti- 
vation for decorative purposes. The height varies from I to 
2 feet, and the colors include both greens, dark purples and 
intermediate shades. 
Kale demands a rich, deep soil. The seed should be 
sown in a border or seed-bed, and transplanted to the open 
field and set in rows, after the manner of cabbage. It is 
largely and profitably grown in the South for shipment to 
the great Northern markets. Where farmers are situated 
near centres of population where kale is in demand, its cul- 
ture will be found profitable, as it requires even less labor 
than cabbage. It is planted both in spring and autumn. 
The former crop is for autumn consumption and the latter 
crop is carried over winter after the manner of spinach, pro- 
tected by a light covering of some sort of litter. 
LETTUCE. 
In some sections, especially in the South, lettuce can be 
grown with profit by farm gardeners. Depending on the 
latitude, the seed may be planted from autumn until spring. 
The plants are usually sheltered and headed under glass, or 
under muslin-covered sash, and are sent North in ventilated 
barrels. 
The lettuce is naturally a cool-weather plant, and its cul- 
Lettuce. — For the South, we especially recommend Reichner's Early 
White Butter, Big Boston and New Treasure; for the North, New 
Sensation, Mammoth Salamander and Hornberger's Dutch Butter. 
Please see "Johnson & Stokes' Garden and Farm Manual." 
