24 
Under Less Favourable Circumstances, “ Where the 
Ribston pippin may not succeed, the Bedfordshire foundling will 
be a hardier substitute ; or, the King of the pippins, which is 
still hardier; the Northern greening maybe planted for late 
kitchen use. For an autumn kitchen Apple, perhaps, none in 
this case is more to be recommended than the Keswick codling. 
The Hawthornden comes into an abundant bearing state at an 
early age ; and, were it not liable to die off in some soils, it 
might be preferred to the preceding.” 
A WET Soil, “And a cold bleak situation, are what the cot- 
tager has the greatest difficulty in contending with ; a poor soil 
he can enrich. In some instances it may be possible for him to 
remedy a wet soil by drainage ; but in other cases, he may find 
this beyond his means. He should, however, take care to plant 
the tree very shallow, or even place it entirely on the dug surface, 
and then cover the roots with the best mould he can collect. 
This he should afterwards keep mulched if the weather becomes 
very dry ; but otherwise, he should only keep the soil slightly 
stirred occasionally by a fork ; or, if this cannot be done without 
injuring the roots, merely hoeing it will be better. In short, 
every thing should be attended to that will encourage the roots 
to run near the surface ; the latter should therefore be trod upon 
as little as possible. Rotten manure should be applied; even 
leaves should be collected and applied in a state approaching to 
vegetable mould.” 
232 Sorts of Pears to be recommended, “Where the space is 
very limited; or for cottage gardens. Jargonelle, Marie Louise, 
Beurre de Capiaumont, Beurre Diel, Glout Morceau, Easter 
Beurre, Beurre Ranee. These are all of first-rate excellence, 
deserving the protection of walls, where such can be afforded; 
but, with the exception of the Jargonelle, they are all hardy 
enough for standards, in any climate tolerably good, as regards 
the growth of this class of fruits. It would be difficult to select 
fewer sorts than the above, because some might prefer a sort 
which would come fit for use in autumn ; others in winter or 
spring. Several sorts may, however, be worked on the same 
tree; and, it maybe farther remarked, that the Beurre Diel 
requires to have the branches kept rather thin, as otherwise its 
large and abundant foliage becomes too dense for the admission 
of sun and air to the fruit.” 
