106 
AND 
May, 1889. 
ORCHARD 
CARDEN 
>AA. yvwvVvVWY\A/NAAA/VVNAA AA//j^^ 
©RCHARD^(| ARDEN 
AN ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY JOUR- 
NAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
Devolec! exclusively to the interest of the American 
Orchard, Vineyard. Fruit, Vegetable and 
Flower Garden. 
Progressive ! Reliable ! Practical ! Scientific! 
•<ii ha< rt|>tlon Price, 50 Cents per Annnm 
Five Yearly Scbscriptions for $2.00. 
Entered at the Post Office at Little Silver as second class 
matter. 
Edited by H. G. Corney. 
Our Staff. 
J- Lamson Scribner. 
Samvel Miller, 
dr. T. H. Hoskins, 
M. C. Rankin, 
Abby Speakman. 
Peter B. Mead, 
L. O. Howard, 
W. F. Massey, 
Eli Minch, 
Advertising Rates. 
The spraying of trees with arsenites is no 
longer an experiment, but takes its recog- 
nized place in the regular routine work of 
the fruit farm. We are learning some 
things that will enable us to do the work in 
a more perfect and thorough manner, as it 
comes into general use. Some instances of 
bad burning of the foliage has taught us 
that these arsenites must not be applied too 
strong — one pound of London purple in 200 
gallons of water will do no injury to the 
foliage and is of sufficient strength to cause 
death. It has been advised to delay spray- 
ing until just after blossoms have fallen, 
which is early enough to destroy the cod- 
ling moth larvae and does not interfere with 
the bees, and then to spray again in about 
ten days. At this season of the year, the 
subject of insecticides and treatment of dis- 
eases. is of interest to all growers, and on 
page 114 of this issue we have gathered 
Per Agate line, each Insertion, 
May. June, July, I 
August, September, October, November, f — 
December 40c 
Reading notices ending with “ artv ” per line Nonpa- 
reil, double the above prices. Preferred position, ten 
per cent extra. 
some valuable information which we think 
will be found of service, coming from such 
trustworthy sources as are credited with it. 
LITTLE SILVER, N. J., MAY, 1889. 
Our readers will remember that we do 
not furnish back numbers and hence the 
importance of renewing promptly, and 
keeping their files complete. It costs but 
fifty cents a year — less than five cents a 
number. Who can afford to miss it ? 
We desire our subscribers to s^nd us notes 
on new things, both of vegetables and fruit 
which they may be testing this season, that 
we may publish them for the benefit of 
our large constituency of readers. The 
results of practical experience from varied 
sources, generally differing widely in soil 
and location are not only valuable but 
interesting, and in connection with the 
results of the tests upon our own experi- 
mental grounds will enable us to arrive at 
some tolerably correct conclusions. 
We purpose also to notice and describe 
from time to time in “ Our Fruit Table" 
such specimens of the fruit of new varieties 
as may be sent us and we solicit samples of 
promising sorts for that purpose. Too often, 
however, it happens that what has evidently 
once been fine fruit reaches us in such a 
damaged condition as to prevent us from 
forming any correct opinion concerning its 
value. This is, in most cases, the result of 
poor packing and, in some, of delay in tran- 
sit. Samples sent us should be started early 
in the week and with charges paid in all 
cases. The name and address of the sender 
should lie placed on the package and a let- 
ter mailed us at the same time giving full 
particulars. 
Prof. S. T. Maynard gives, in the April 
Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station 
at Amherst, Mass. . some interesting results 
from his experiments in heating green- 
houses. Two houses were built, 75x18 feet, 
as nearly alike as possible in every partic- 
ular, and two boilers of the same pattern 
and make were put in, one fitted for steam 
and one for hot water; the steam for heat- 
ing the east house and hot water for the 
west and most exposed one. The tempera- 
ture of each house was taken five times 
daily and recorded with the average daily 
outdoor temperature. A careful account 
was kept of each day’s consumption of coal. 
The results showed that the hot water boil- 
er consumed 688 lbs. less coal than the steam 
boiler in January, and 720 lbs. less in Feb- 
ruary, a saving of nearly 20 percent, whilst 
at the same time the temperature of the 
house heated by hot water averaged 1.7° 
higher than that heated by steam. Prof. 
Maynard concludes that different results 
might possibly be obtained in larger houses 
and in a colder winter with greater extremes 
of temperature and he asks that those who 
have kept accurate records of the tempera- 
ture of their greenhouses, together with the 
amount of fuel used, will send the figures 
to the Station for the benefit of others. 
The subject of Peach Yellows is one of 
paramount importance to the fruit grower 
and hence we are glad to find that the dis- 
cussion concerning it which has been start- 
ed in Orchard & Garden is attracting 
much attention. In this number of the pa- 
per will be found the views of Mr. Massey, 
a gentleman whose experience and observa- 
tion should give much force to his remarks. 
The ideas advanced may be nearer the 
truth than many will be disposed to think. 
It is not so very many years ago that a 
mysterious disease of t he grape vine puzzled 
our horticulturists and scientists greatly 
and until Prof. Riley demonstrated that the 
condition of the vines was caused solely by 
the presence of the Phylloxera at its roots, 
people were as equally ignorant of the causes 
of this malady then as they are now of the 
nature and cause of the peach yellows. For 
notwithstanding the patient and laborious 
investigation that has been carried on from 
time to time it is impossible for us to deny 
that at the present time no positive knowl- 
edge exists as to the cause of this disease or 
of a reliable remedy. 
During the autumn and early winter, 
long after flowers have ceased to bloom and 
the bright liued autumn foliage is all that 
remains, the beautiful ornamental berries 
of many shrubs and vines come into effec- 
tive play and vie with the former in their 
brilliant coloring. There are many shrubs 
producing fine tinted fruit after flowering 
which prove very desirable for winter 
adornment of the home grounds. The 
purple-leaved berberry (Berberis Atropur- 
purea) bears pendulous clusters of beautiful 
red berries and is also very ornamental 
when in flower. The burning bush (Euony- 
mus Europaeus) retains its showy crimson 
seedpods well into the winter. The common 
white-flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) 
with its shining scarlet berries and brilliant 
autumn leaves is not as largely used for this 
purpose as it should be. The black alder, 
too, which we find in our swamps and 
marshes, produces charming red berries and 
may be grown quite easily on high grounds. 
Among climbers we have the bittersweet 
(Celastrus scandens), a graceful climber 
with clusters of orange-scarlet seeds mak- 
ing a handsome display. The Ampelopsis 
in addition to its brilliantly hued foliage, 
bears clusters of rich purple berries that 
form a delightful contrast. In short there 
are a great many things to be had at little 
cost which in the hands of persons of taste 
may be so arranged as to produce the most 
charming effects. Nor must the value ofthe 
beautifully tinted bark of some trees be over 
looked in planting for ornament. The red- 
twigged dogwood, the birch, and others are 
very useful in producing a beautiful winter 
landscape and should enter more or less in 
to the planting of country places for perma- 
nent residence. 
The department of Agriculture has issued 
a Circular on Arbor Day Planting in the 
Eastern States, for the instruction of school 
superintendents and others interested in Ar- 
bor Day, which is well worthy of careful 
reading on the part of all who plant trees. 
As a general thing, Arbor Day tree plant- 
ing is not done in the way it should be and 
its after care is often entirely neglected. In 
consequence we do not obtain the results 
that would otherwise come from such work 
if done with an intelligent knowledge of 
the subject. This circular gives such infor- 
mation as is necessary and also furnishes 
the School Superintendent with sufficient 
knowledge to intelligently address the meet- 
ing on the occasion. 
f / 
r 
