140 
July, 1889 
£ 
ORCHARD 
AND 
CARDEN 
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©RCHARD^§ARDEN 
AN ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY JOUR- 
NAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
Devoted exclusively to the Interest of the American 
Orchard, Vineyard, Fruit, Vegetable and 
Flower Garden. 
Progressive 1 Reliable ! practical ! Scientific ! 
Subscription Price, SO Cents per Annum 
Five Tearly Subscriptions for $2.00. 
Entered at the Post Office at Little Silver as second class 
matter. 
Edited by H. G. Cornet. 
Our Staff. 
J. Lamson Scribner. Peter B. Mead. 
Samuel Miller, F. H. Hillman. 
Dr. T. H. Hoskins, W. F. Massev, 
M. C. Rankin, Eli Minch, 
Abby Speakman. 
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en upon application. 
Reading notices ending with adv. per line nonpa- 
reil, 50c. Preferred position ten per cent, extra. 
LITTLE SILVER, N. J., JULY, 1889. 
If you wish to make a valuable and use- 
ful present, and one costing but little 
money, to a friend who is interested in fruit, 
vegetables or flowers send him the Or- 
chard and Garden for one year. 
It is not impossible that in the near future 
we may yet be able to secure varieties of 
the Japan Persimmon ( Kaki ) that will 
prove hardy wherever the peach succeeds. 
Prof. H. E. Van Deman of the Department 
of Agriculture at Washington is, we learn, 
making efforts to secure and import young 
trees of the best hardy sorts in Japan which 
he will distribute for testing among the var- 
ious experimental stations throughout the 
country. 
The question as to how we shall dispose 
of our fruit crop again comes up before us. 
Doubtless in many sections a large portion 
of fruit will be allowed to waste for want 
of proper facilities to market it, and this is 
nearly always the case when there is a full 
crop. At such a time fruit of poor quality 
and packed carelessly will fail to pay ex- 
penses. To ship at a profit fruit must be 
carefully assorted and packed in an attrac- 
tive manner. But besides shipping to dis- 
tant markets other ways of disposing of the 
fruit must be devised if one would realize 
all the profits possible. There is the home 
markets so often neglected by large grow- 
ers and home consumption should be en- 
couraged. People in villages and small 
towns will buy fruit if they can buy cheap 
and if the fruit grower sells at home he can 
afford to sell cheap. Surplus raspberries, 
blackberries, plums, peaches, cherries and 
apples may be dried or evaporated and sold 
at any season of the year. This is a good 
way of disposing of the poorer grades. By 
using a little forethought a large quantity 
fruit may be disposed of profitably that 
would otherwise go to waste. 
There is a demand for good home-made 
jellies and jams. This suggests a profitable 
occupation for some women who are earn- 
ing money at home in other and more la- 
borious ways. The jellies sold in our stores 
are mostly artificially manufactured and a 
brand of natural, home-made goods would 
soon, we think, bring prosperity to the 
maker. 
In the Fungi department this month Prof 
Scribner treats of the Curl in the Peach 
leaf (page 144), and in the August number 
will be described and illustrated the disease 
known as “plum pockets”, a fungus which 
is closely related to the peach leaf-curl and 
possesses the same general characters. Fruit 
growers suffer annually from fungus dis- 
eases to the amount of thousands of dollars 
and we therefore invite the careful atten- 
tion of our readers to the articles which are 
appearing monthly on this subject in Orch- 
ard and Garden. 
Prof. Budd of the Iowa Agricultural Col- 
lege, thinks that Downer’s Prolific is un- 
doubtedly still the best strawberry for 
home use. It is his opinion that there are 
nc t sufficient perfect flowered plants used 
to fertilize pistillates when the latter are 
planted and he recommends that the per- 
fect flowered and pistillate plants be plant- 
ed in alternate rows in order to provide 
sufficient pollen. 
We continue to receive applications for 
back numbers containing articles upon 
certain subjects which it is desired to pre- 
serve for reference. We beg to state, once 
more, that we cannot furnish back numbers. 
Our subscribers should renew promptly and 
so preseive their files complete. All who 
desire to keep abreast of the times in hort- 
icultural matters should subscribe to Orch- 
ard and Garden. It costs but fifty cents 
a year and yet there is not a single number 
published but what contains information 
worth very many times that sum. Subs- 
cribe now. 
[We publish the following letter, which 
was shown to us by the J. T. Lovett Co., be- 
lieving that it will prove interesting to 
many in its reference to fruit culture in 
India. — E d.] 
Ahmednagar, Deccan, Western India, 
May 17. 1889. 
You will remember that you last Novem- 
ber filled my order for a lot of fruit trees; 
and you packed their roots in sphagnum 
moss so that 1 might bring them to India. 
The order included apples, pears, peaches-, 
nectarines, apricots, cherries, grapes, black- 
berries, quinces, mulberries, as well as pie- 
can nuts, Japan chestnuts, etc., more than 
a hundred kinds in all. They were lifted 
in the first part of November, just before I 
was ready to sail for Bombay. I took a 
through ticket by the Anchor line of steam- 
ships so as to avoid the trouble of tranship- 
ment in England, and yet I stopped in Eng- 
land for a fortnight. This lengthened the 
voyage to one of two months. Ten days 
more were spent at Bombay and on the 
way to the “Palm Hills” in Southern India, 
where I set the trees out. So nearly three 
months passed from the time the trees were 
lifted till they were planted again. Not 
more than 10 per cent, of them had died on 
the way, and the rest were in good condi- 
tion. As some attempts to transport trees 
to those mountains had utterly failed and 
others had been only partially successful, 
my success gave us great satisfaction. 
* * * 
We have three kinds of native Raspber- 
ries on the Palm Mountains. One has an 
undivided large leaf and bears a black sour 
berry that is good for cooking, but not for 
eating uncooked except it be dead ripe. The 
second has a triple leaf and a golden yellow 
berry which has a sparkling vinous flavor, 
sub-acid till fully ripe, and then delicious. 
The third resembles the wild Blackcap 
raspberry of the U. S. It has a pinnate leaf 
of 5 to 11 leaflets and the stems are covered 
with a blue bloom. It throws up a few 
suckers from its roots and does not root at 
the tips of its canes. I have one plant 
which is remarkable for its large berry, 
that is reddish, more tender and of a better 
flavor than the others. I think the flavor 
is as good as that of any raspberry I ever 
tasted. I intend to make as many plants 
of it as I can when I again go to the Palms 
by division and root cuttings. 
I think that there is great difference also 
in the peaches from different trees there, 
although they are supposed to be of one 
kind. The people insist on picking their 
peaches before they are fully ripe. When 
those on certain trees are allowed to ripen 
properly, they are excellent. I hope by 
selection, etc., to get some better kind from 
the old ones now regarded as natives though 
they must have been introduced. I have 
difficulty because the pits do not usually 
vegetate. We have hoar frost there some- 
times and rarely a little film of ice on the 
edges of the lake. It is a paradisiacal cli- 
mate; thermometer never at Kodai Kanal, 
(7000 to 7400 feet high) going above 75 deg. in 
the shade and usually ranging from 60 deg. 
in the night to 66 deg. at the hottest part of 
the day. — S. B. Fairbank. 
Water as an Insecticide. 
Some fifteen or more years since I com- 
menced making experiments with water 
at various temperatures for destroying 
noxious insects and have continued to use 
this common and cheap liquid for the same 
purpose ever since, and I may add with 
very satifactory results. I first began with 
hot water in the greenhouse, and found that 
