December, 1889. 
225 
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The Mutual Influence of Scion and 
Stock. 
This subject has received a good deal of 
attention of late, called forth much dis- 
cussion without, however, bringing out any 
very marked results. It is generally sup- 
posed that there is no marked change pro- 
duced by the stock upon the scion, so far as 
influencing the shape, color or size of the 
fruit is concerned ; indeed it is upon this 
power of the scion to preserve its identity 
that the success of grafting and budding 
depends. It is doubtless true that there is 
more or less influence exerted on the scion 
when grafted on a stock of a very different 
character ; and this influence may be ex- 
tended to the fruit, changing to some extent 
its flavor, but very seldom changing its 
individual characteristics. Ever> now and 
then, however, we hear of apparently 
authentic cases which seem to be excep- 
tions to the general rule. A case of this 
kind is reported from Henry County, Indi- 
ana, which, if there is no mistake, is worthy 
of note. At one of the Farmer’s Institutes 
held in the State, an apple was shown 
which was claimed to be the product of 
grafting a Tulpehock: n on a Winesap, and 
afterwards taking scions from this graft 
and grafting then on a seedling. The apple 
was larger than the average Tulpehocken, 
mostly of a bright red color like the king, 
which we pronounced it to be at first sight. 
(Since then we have received specimens 
from the same tree which differ a good 
deal in their make up). The first specimen 
was sent to the Horticultural Art Journal, 
Rochester N. Y., and its editor reported 
that it was certainly a King. In reply to a 
request for a definite statement in regard 
to its history, the owner sends the following 
reply : “ About fifteen years ago my orchard 
of about three hundred trees began to bear 
in great abundance. My Winesaps were so 
small that they were a drag on the market, 
while the Tulpeliockens (only three trees), 
w?re so large and fine I had no trouble to 
sell them at a good price, so the idea struck 
me to graft some of the Winesaps with the 
Tulpehocken. I cut my scions in the 
Spring and selected three trees for grafting. 
In one only two grew, in another only one, 
and in the third none. The first two were 
true Tulpeliockens, and the other produced 
what I call a sport. This grew very rapidly 
and coarse, like the Tulpehocken, but did 
not bloom for two years after the others 
fruited. From the effects of the cold 
winter the branches of all my Winesaps 
began to die, and they all died on this tree 
except the graft. I found a seedling tree 
in my yard and so took some scions from 
the graft on the Winesap and grafted them 
on this seedling. They are like the Tulpe- 
hocken in their keeping qualities and the 
tendency to fall off. The nearest I have to 
it is the Baldwin, but there is no resem- 
blance to any thing I have in my orchard, 
and I never got it from anybody else.” The 
color is greenish yellow, somewhat striped 
and splashed with red and covered with 
brownish dots. The owner of the tree 
states that he has no Kings in his orchard, 
and he is reported to be a truthful and re- 
liable man. 
As time and opportunity offer we shall 
investigate this matter more fully. In 
the mean time let us have the experience 
of the readers of Orchard and Garden 
on the subject- — J- Troop, Ind. Exp. Station. 
[Tulpehocken is one of the many syn- 
onyms of Fallawater. It is a large glob- 
ular apple, rather conic than otherwise, of 
a pale greenish-yellow, shaded with dark, 
dull red and sprinkled with greyish dots. 
Flesh greenish-white, crisp and juicy with 
a pleasant sub-acid flavor. — E d.] 
Orchard Noting's. 
Maine Apples. 
It is rather a singular fact that a State so 
noted for its fine apples, and so largely en-. 
gaged in commercial orcharding as Maine, 
should have originated no long keeping, 
commercial apples of note. This is the more 
remarkable when we remember that, before 
the era of prohibition, large seedling or- 
chards, with very little grafted fruit, exist- 
ed all over the State, for the manufacture of 
the staple beverage, cider. In those orchards 
originated many excellent fruits, which 
are still perpetuated and enjoyed; but, as 
above noted, not one of them is a long keeper. 
Maine's chief export apples are all derived 
from Southern New England and New York. 
The following is the list of recommended 
winter apples given in the last Report(1888) 
of the Maine Pomological Society. The 
names in italics are regarded as best in 
quality , while those followed by a star are 
most profitable. 
Baldwin*, Granite Beauty, Harvey Green- 
ing, Hubbardston Nonesuch, Jewett's Fine 
Bed, King of Tompkins Co., Milding, Bhode Is- 
land Greening*, Rolfe, Stark, Talman Sweet* 
Yellow Bellflower, American Golden Russet, 
Northern Spy* , Roxbury Russet*. In this list 
the only apple of Maine origin is the Rolfe, 
a large, handsome and excellent seedling of 
the Blue Pearmain; but as a keeper Rolfe 
is but a month later than Gravenstein, or, 
at best, an early winter apple. 
Tlie Kibston Pippiu. 
Of all the English apples brought over to 
America, the Ribston Pippin is the one that 
has been most successful, especially in lo- 
calities north of Long Island Sound. Its 
hardiness gives it a range quite far North; 
even into the St. Lawrence valley, where it 
is found to be nearly as hardy against cold 
as the Fameuse. Though nowhere recom- 
mended by pomological authorities as 
among the most profitable varieties, it yet 
often proves very productive; while its rep- 
utation as a fine dessert apple, and a good 
keeper, gives it a ready sale in the home 
market. In sections of New England a lit- 
tle north of the Baldwin limit, where it suc- 
ceeds best, it is very highly esteemed; and 
in such localities I believe it would prove 
most profitable as an export apple. It stands 
first among apples in England, and Ameri- 
can Ribstons, (at least from Canada) have 
proved finer and better than the same apple 
grown in Great Britain 
The Kolfe Apple. 
This fine Maine apple, regarded as equal 
to the Gravenstein in all points, and a month 
longer keeper, is a round, smooth, regularly 
shaped fruit, striped, splashed and almost 
covered (on a light yellow ground) with pale 
red, brightest in the sun. It much resem- 
bles the Gravenstein, though larger and 
more regular in form. The flesh is delicate 
and crisp, with a rich melting flavor, 
sprightly and juicy, and in my judgment it 
is nowise inferior to Gravenstein. As a later 
apple, so close in all points of resemblance, 
and so considerably prolonging the season , 
it strongly recommends itself to orchardists 
who seek to supply the market for “fancy” 
fall fruit. 
TheBogdanofT Apple. 
One of the first of the Russian winter 
apples of recent importation received by me 
from Professor Budd, of the Iowa Agri- 
cultural College, was the Bogdanoff, (God- 
given). It came to me five years ago, and 
has proved to be a remarkably vigorous 
grower. The trees are now (though once 
removed in the time,) about seven feet 
high, and gave me this year a number of 
good specimens, which, up to the present 
time, (Nov. 1), are very hard and green 
looking, so that I think they will prove 
good keepers. The apple is large, oblate- 
conic in form, a little ribbed, with a 
yellowish-green skin, striped and splashed 
over the whole surface with a clear red — 
the stripes fine, close together, and much 
broken and interrupted. There is consider- 
able russet about the stem, which is short 
and small, in a moderately deep and rather 
broad cavity. Calyx nearly closed, in a 
shallow, ribbed basin. In regard to the 
quality of the Bogdanoff, these being my 
first specimens and yet uneatable, I can- 
not now express an opinion; but Messrs. 
Budd and Gibb, who have seen and eaten 
it in its native country, speak very favor- 
ably in reference to this point. The tree 
seems to be unexceptionable in every way, 
and an early bearer of very handsome fruit. 
Later I will be able to say what I think of 
the quality of this apple. 
Native Western Plums. 
I notice that some writers — even one so 
eminent and usually so careful as Mr. Char- 
les Gibb of Canada — speak of the Western 
wild plums which have been introduced to 
cultivation as “improved varieties.” But 
so far as I can learn, the varieties in cultiva- 
tion are all wildings, selected indeed, from 
the multitude of native plums found scat- 
tered by the watercourses all over the West, 
