234 
December, 1889. 
/ ORCHI^DrggsT^GPiRDEN^ 
A. p. var. sanguineum (Blood-leaved Ja- 
pan Maple,) a dwarf tree of louuded form, 
The leaves are deeply lobed and serrated, 
rosy crimson in summer, changing to a deep- 
er hue with age. This beautiful variety is 
one of the best of the Japan Maples, and is 
likely to become very popular. 
A. p. var. versicolor (Many-colored Japan 
Maple. ' a stronger grower than the preced- 
ing varieties, and somewhat resembling 
the type. The foliage is prettily marked 
with white, pink and green. 
To the above should be added the follow- 
ing. also from Japan: 
Acer Japonicum. This is a slow-growing 
Maple, with round, handsomely scalloped, 
deep green leaves. It is very attractive 
when in flower. It is still rare. It deserves 
a place on the lawn. 
A. J. var. aureum. a variety of the pre- 
ceding with translucent foliage of a most 
charming golden hue. and altogether a 
beautiful tree. We can tliink of no golden- 
hued tree more suitable for the lawn. 
The Japan Maples are charming trees for 
the lawn, either singly or in groups, and no 
doubt will be largely used when better 
known and lower priced. They are trees 
for the foreground only, and produce the 
best effect, when planted along a drive or a 
walk, and always preferably within sight of 
the house. Usually the best results will be 
secured by planting them singly, but suffi- 
ciently far from other trees or shrubs to al- 
low of their full development. Their dis- 
tinctive beauty is lost in a crowd. As to 
grouping, it can only be well done by the 
careful exercise of good judgment and 
taste. In every case avoid crowding. If 
you have room for the full development of 
only one Jap, the proper thing to do is to 
plant only one, and not three or five. Grow- 
ing as they do in the course of many years 
only some eight or ten feet high, what oth- 
er trees of half their beauty are so admira- 
bly adapted to the adornment of suburban 
homes? — P. B. Mead. 
A Bright-hued Foliage Plant. 
Gardeners rarely select herbaceous plants 
on account of the autumn colors of their 
foliage, and there are not many plants which 
belong to this class which are distinguished 
in this particular. A notable exception, 
says Garden and Forest, is .the Japanese 
Lysimachia clethroides the leaves of which 
are colored during the first ten days of No- 
vember bright orange and scarlet. This is 
a handsome and a perfectly hardy plant, 
well worth a place, too, in the garden for 
its long, one-sided, curved spikes of white 
flowers, which are nearly half an inch 
across. It grows tc a height of two to three 
feet, and it, only drawback is that it grows 
too vigorously and spreads too rapidly by 
its underground stems. It is not easy to 
eradicate it from a garden when it is once 
fairly established. 
Shake out the moist, heavy snow from 
evergreen trees and shrubs, before it freezes. 
Conducted by A. B. Cordlet. 
Agricultural College, Michigan. 
The Grape-vine Leaf-liopper, 
( Erytlironeura vitis.) 
Of the almost countless number of insects 
with which the horticulturists must deal, 
but few can be successfully combated in 
the winter. One of these few is the Grape- 
vine Leaf-hopper. For this reason and be- 
cause of its exceeding destructiveness when 
present in great numbers we feel that it is 
appropriate at this time to call the atten- 
tion of our readers to this pest although 
we have nothing new to record concerning 
it. These beautiful little insects when full 
grown, are about one-tenth of an inch 
long. See fig. 1620. They are of a pale yellow 
or straw color, beautifully trimmed with 
scarlet and black. The trimmings are worn 
as follows : Two small red lines on the 
head ; one broad scarlet band covers the 
base of the 
thorax, the 
scute!, and 
the base of 
the wing cov- 
ers, while 
anoth e r of 
the same col- 
Grape Leaf-Hopper; Fig. 1620. or crosses 
their middle. The tips of the wing covers 
are blackish or dusky, and there are some 
small red lines between the broad band and 
the tips of the wing covers. Th9 head is 
crescent-shaped above, and the eyelets are 
placed under the ridge of the front. 
These little pests, although dressed so 
beautifully, are very modest and retiring, 
and remain on the under sides of the leaves 
until their retreat is discovered when they 
leap and fly from them in swarms only 
again to soon retire beneath their protecting 
covers. They also have a peculiar habit of 
running sideways, and when they see that 
they are observed upon one side of a leaf 
they will often dodge quickly around to the 
other. During the winter, they hybernate 
in the mature state, and may be found in 
fall and winter, just under the vines, pro- 
tected from the fatal damp by the leaves. 
In the spring the survivors emerge from 
their winter quarters and in due time in- 
sert their eggs in punctures in the leaves, 
when having fulfilled their mission in life, 
they soon die. The eggs hatch in June. 
The larvae resemble the mature insects 
except that they are very small and are 
without wings. They inherit the retiring 
habits of their ancestors together with the 
same hopping propensities, hence the lively 
appearance of the vines when one walks 
among them. If undisturbed the hoppers 
remain in quiet on the under sides of the 
leaves from which they obtain their nourish- 
ment by sucking the sap through long, 
sharp beaks. 
The infested leaf, from lack of nourish, 
ment, soon becomes covered with yellowish 
or brownish spots. At first these are small 
and attract but little attention, but as the 
insect grows larger, the leaf appeal's as if 
scorched and often drops from the vine. In 
consequence of thus being defoliated, the 
vine languishes, very little new wood is 
formed, the fruit becomes stunted and mil- 
dews, and if the evil is unchecked, in a few 
years the vine becomes worthless. 
As the larva; increase in size they outgrow 
their cld clothes and several times during 
the season cast them aside in order to don 
larger and brighter dresses. Great num- 
bers of these cast dresses, of a white color, 
and exceedingly delicate and gossamer-like, 
may be found, during the summer, attached 
to the under sides of the leaves and lying 
upon the ground beneath the vines. 
The Grape-vine Leaf-hopper is too in- 
dustrious an insect to waste valuable time 
by passing its pupal stage underground or 
in a silken cocoon. This stage is marked 
only by the appearance of diminutive 
wings, which gradually grow until fully 
matured, the insect meanwhile becoming 
increasingly active. With the full growth 
of the wings it acquires such powers of 
flight, that it readily flies from vine to vine 
and thus spreads itself in all directions. 
Over this increased territory it continues 
its mischievous work until it seeks shelter 
for the winter. A knowledge of its habit 
of hybemating at once suggests one of the 
most effective methods of destroying this 
insect. We believe that Prof. A. J. Cook 
was the first to record the fact, that in 
collecting these hoppers one wmter, it was 
found that those under damp leaves were 
dead, while those protected from the damp 
of winter survived. He therefore recom- 
mended the most practical remedy for 
freeing our vines of this pest. He says, 
“ As soon as they have become dormant 
for the winter, so rake up the leaves under 
the vines, as to cause the insects to become 
a prey to this inability to endure wet or 
damp. I think it would be well to rake up 
the leaves in autumn and burn them, doing 
it on cold days when the hoppers are dor- 
mant, and before the vines are laid down 
for winter.” Another remedy proposed by 
Prof. Cook, and one which has proved en- 
tirely satisfactory wherever tried, is made 
possible by the well known fact that the 
hoppers will jump or fly in swarms in 
front of a person who is passing through 
the vineyard. Several persons should go 
together making as much disturbance as 
possible, and as the insects fly before them, 
should thoroughly spray them with strong 
tobacco water, or with a mixture of kero- 
sene and soft soap made as follows : 
Thoroughly mix together one part of 
kerosene, two parts of soft soap and twelve 
parts of warm water. Other remedies, as 
fumigating with tobacco, when the vines 
can be inclosed, or dusting the vines with 
sulphur and lime, or hellebore and cayenne 
