ORCHARD AND GARDEN. 
VOL. XII. 
MAY, 1890. 
NO. 5. 
Rosa rugosa, or Japan Rose. 
Among the more recent introductions 
from Japan are the beautiful Rugosa Roses. 
They are in all respects v< ry desirable plants, 
and should be better known. They have 
not yet been much advertised, and are still 
rare, having thus far been but little propa- 
gated by Rose growers. Of those who have 
seen them described, not a few 
have doubtless been deterred 
from planting them because 
the flowers are single, and a 
single Rose has few attrac- 
tions for them. This is a sin- 
gular delusion. It would 
seem that a great many peo- 
ple have yet to learn that a 
vast majority of all beautiful 
flowers are single. At all 
events, it is most devoutly to 
be wished that it will be a 
long time before we have a 
double Rugosa Rose; for in 
that case it would be robbed 
of one of its chief beauties, 
the charming berries or hips 
that succeed the single flow- 
ers. In fact, the RugosaRoses 
might with much propriety, 
be placed in the class of orna- 
mental berry- bearing plants. 
The berries assume a splendid 
crimson-scarlet color in the 
autumn, and may then be cut 
for ornamental purposes, or 
left on the plant, to give 
brightness and warmth to the 
winter landscape. 
We have now three varieties 
of these Japan Roses, all of 
them being handsome plants. 
Bosa rugosa rubra (the first 
introduced) is a large, vigor- 
ous growing plant, with dark 
green, glossy foliage. The flowers, which 
are freely produced, are large, single, and, 
like the species, have five petals. The 
color is a rich rosy crimson, enhanced in 
beauty by the numerous stamens. The 
flowers are succeeded by large bright ber- 
ries or hips, which make the plant quite as 
beautiful in fruit as it is in flower. The 
plant is thickly furnished with short prick- 
les or spines, which, though not pleasant to 
handle, are certainly ornamental and pleas- 
ant to look at. R. rugosa alba resembles 
the preceding in habit, but bears large, pure 
white single flowers more decidedly fra- 
posures the plants are sometimes subject to 
mildew. An open exposure, which com- 
mands the morning sun for a few hours, 
has been found best for them. They are 
quite hardy. 
However much the flowers may be ad- 
mired, they should not be cut. To cut them 
would prevent the formation of berries, and 
thus destroy the autumn beauty of the 
plants. It would be far better to wait and 
cut the hands ime hips, which last a long 
time after being removed from the plants, 
and may be used in various ways, which a 
little good taste will suggest. — P. B. Mead. 
Deciduous Shrubs. 
In selecting ornamental shrubs it is much 
better to take only such as grow vigorously 
and bloom freely than to make 
a large and varied collection. 
The amateur will get little sat- 
isfaction, comparatively, out 
of a great variety, however 
interesting it may be to the 
botanist and collector. Our 
purpose is the embellishment 
of the home grounds and we 
should choose shrubs adapted 
to this end, whether it be for 
the small door-yard or the 
extensive lawn. In grounds 
of small extent shrubs and 
trees of small growth are bet- 
ter than those of spreading 
habit, while on larger lawns 
a limited number of large 
trees may be planted, leaving 
the general effect to be pro- 
duced by a proper arrange- 
ment of shrubbery. Delight- 
ful effects will result from 
proper attention to the color 
of the foliage, those shrubs 
whose colors blend easily be- 
ing juoiciously arranged with 
each other and with ever- 
greens. And not only should 
the foliage be noticed but care 
also should be exercised in re- 
gard to the color of the bark, 
which may be so varied as to 
afford a charming aspect in 
winter when the foliage has 
gone. In this way the small- 
est front yard may be made attractive and 
pleasant by the judicious use of but a few 
shrubs and a bit of grass sod. 
Transplanting Evergreens. 
Evergreens may be successfully trans- 
planted in nearly every month in the year 
provided proper care be exercised to keep 
the roots moist. These cannot be exposed 
to the sun and wind with impunity, and 
while the roots are out of the ground it 
would be well to keep them entirely cover- 
ed over with some sort of wrapping mater- 
ial. If the transplanting can be done on a 
grant. Though not so strong a grower as 
rubra, it is in all respects a splendid plant. 
B. rugosa rosea is quite as vigorous a grow- 
er as the first named, and bears single flow- 
ers of a rose color slightly tinged with blue. 
The accompanying illustration (a very pret- 
ty one) is a good portrait of these Roses and 
the berries, but not so large as in nature 
when well grown: a pardonable fault in the 
artist, as some artists are only too prone to 
sin the other way, possibly under in- 
structions. 
It is to be said of these Roses that they are 
not proper subjects for the Rose bed. They 
should be used as we use ornamental shrubs 
od the lawn, either singly or in groups; and 
if in groups, they should not be crowded. 
If planted along a walk frequented by la. 
The Japan Rose (Bosa rugosa.) 
dies, the plants should be five or six feet 
from the edge. As to soil, it should be good, 
but not too highly enriched. They will do 
well in even a light, sandy soil. As to prun- 
ing, the less done the better. At proper, 
but long intervals, the old wood may be en- 
tirely removed. The natural beauty of these 
Roses should not be destroyed by convert- 
ing them into unsightly rods and mops. 
The plants offered for sale are mostly 
budded. In that case they should be close- 
ly watched for “suckers,” which should be 
promptly removed at the point of origin. It 
must be stated that in some places and ex- 
