May, 1890. 
97 
ORCH PwRD 
CARDEN \ 
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it ought to be everywhere understood that 
valuable all-winter apples of any origin are 
in number relatively few, and are likely to 
remain so. — T. H. HOSKINS, M. D. 
Himelberger Apple. 
Fruit large; form oblate conic, regular; 
color greenish- yellow with an orange blush; 
dots small, numerous, light gray; stem short, 
rather slender; cavity wide, deep, green or 
russet, regular; calyx small, closed; seg- 
ments stout, erect; basin very narrow, shal- 
low, furrowed; core rather large, heart- 
shaped, slightly open: carpels medium, hol- 
low; seeds medium, ovate, chestnut-brown; 
flesh yellowish-white, tender, little coarse, 
juicy, sprightly sub-acid; qualily good; use 
market and kitchen; season September and 
November in Kansas. 
Tree very vigorous, upright, spreading 
very early and abundant bearer. We have 
had this apple over 30 years: it came into 
bearing early and has not failed to bear a 
good crop every year since. This apple is 
not known; we received it from the late 
David Miller of Carlisle, Penn. It is much 
more productive and more worthy of culti- 
vation than the Rhode Island Greening, and 
would be more valuable north of this, where 
the Rhode Island Greening succeeds.— J. 
Stayman. 
Blenheim Pippin (Blooming Orange). 
Fruit large; form roundish, oblate, conic, 
sides often unequal ; color rich orange-yel- 
low, with a red blush, striped and mixed 
with orange red; dots medium, distinct, nu- 
merous, russet; stem rather long and thick: 
cavity wide, deep, much russeted; calyx 
large, open; segments long, recurved; basin 
wide, shallow, furrowed; core rather small, 
compact; carpels nearly compact; seeds long 
angular, dark tarown; fledi yellowish-white, 
rather coarse, juicy, tender, sprightly, brisk 
sub-acid; quality good to very good; season 
Sep' ember in Kansas. In Canada October 
to November. Tree very strong, vigorous, 
spreading and productive. This is a fine, 
handsome apple as grown in Ontario, Nova 
Scotia, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylva- 
nia, and Kentucky, from whence we have 
received specimens. We have had it thirty- 
two years and this description is as grown 
in Kansas. We find it as grown further 
north and in Canada, a better apple than 
here. It is a fine, showy market and kitch- 
en apple. Origin, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, 
England. — J. Stayman. 
Kerosene and Soap mixture. 
Soft soap one quart, or hard soap— pre- 
ferably whale oil soap -one-fourth pound; 
two quarts hot water; one pint kero.-ine. 
Stir till all are permanently mixed. Then 
add water till the kerosine forms one fif- 
teenth of the whole compound. This is the 
formula recommended by Prof. A. J. Cook 
for killing aphides or plant lice, bark lice 
and many insects. Apply with a force 
pump when the insects are at work. 
Profitable Varieties of Chestnuts. 
Mr. Chas. Parry recently gave the N. J. 
Horticultural Society some very interesting 
notes on the newer varieties of chestnuts. 
However much seedling walnuts may be 
depended upon for profitable planting it 
will not do to put equal reliance upon seed- 
ling chestnuts. The finer varieties of these 
are as unlikely to come true from seed as 
the finer kinds of apples and pears, and an 
orchard of seedling chestnuts would proba- 
bly be as unsatisfactory as an orchard 
of seedling apples. 
The Early Surprise ripens in Burlington 
Co., N. J., about Sept. 15th. This nut is 
large in size, running two and three to the 
burr; dark in color and tree productive: 
about two quarts to a tree ten feet high. 
The next to open in that locality was Reli- 
able, Sept. 20th. The nut is large, measur- 
ing four inches in circumference, and the 
tree very productive, about three quarts to 
a tree ten feet high. Runs three nuts to the 
burr, very few having two. The Giant 
opened Sept. 25th. These nuts are enor- 
mous, measuring six inches in circumfer- 
erence; they run two nuts to the burr and 
thp tree is a vigorous grower and modera'e- 
lv productive. The above named three va- 
rieties are of the Japanese strain and open 
earlier than most of the American or Euro- 
pean varieties. They are not as fine in 
quality as the American nuts, as the skin 
when first gathered has a bitter taste. But 
this bitterness disappears after keeping a 
few days, or after cooking, and as they 
come early and sell rapidly at forty cents 
a quart, they are extremely profitable. 
The original Numbo tree is growing in 
Bucks County, Pa., and is a fine vigorous 
specimen of the European chestnut; there 
are various Numbo plantations in that vi- 
cinity. These nuts are large and attractive 
in color, running two and three to the burr 
and sell readily at twenty-five and thirty 
cents per quart. The tree is productive 
bearing from two to three bushels in a sea- 
son. The Comfort and Cooper chesnuts are 
also crown here, and are only inferior to 
the Numbo in productiveness and profit. 
Another variety, the Barney, has the bad 
habit of falling in the burr, and although 
very productive, this fault ruins it for 
profit, as pickers would shun the rows of 
this variety and many would be wasted. A 
few trees of Paragon were in bearing here 
and showed to good advantage. The trees 
were exceptionally vigorous and productive, 
the nuts are large and run two and three, 
and sometimes more, in a burr. This is a 
variety of great merit, and it has been 
claimed to be of Japanese origin, but noth- 
ing either in the growth of the tree, the 
foliage, the appearance of the nuts, their 
flavor or the taste of the skin sustains such 
a claim. 
In Delaware County, Pa., are many varie- 
ties of promise. The Miller chestnut is large, 
and runs two and three to the burr, and the 
tree is vigorous and productive. Bartram’s 
Early is a remarkable variety, ripening Oct. 
1st to 10th, evidently of American parent- 
age. The nuts are large, run two and three 
to the burr, are of excellent quality and 
bring from twenty -five to thirty cents a 
quart. The original tree is a veritable giant, 
the spread of the limbs measuring seventy 
feet, and the height of the tree even more. 
Bartram’s Late is another valuable variety, 
of European strain, opening about two 
weeks later than the preceding. The nuts 
are smaller, much brighter and run uniform- 
ly three in a burr. Their bright color and 
freedom from worms insure them a ready 
sale at large prices. So productive is 
this variety that at a little distance away 
very few leaves can be seen and the trees 
have the appearance of one immense solid 
burr. The Ingraham is larger than either 
of the two preceding, and ripens between 
them. The earliest large chestnut is the 
Fennel, which ripened last year, Sept. 20th, 
with the Japan varieties. It is not as produc- 
tive as other kinds but coming so early and 
selling at forty cents per quart, it is worthy 
of attention. 
One of the most valuable on the list is 
Hannum, ripening October 1st to 10th. It 
is a large nut of the brightest color and 
brines the highest market price. Runs 
mostly two, sometimes three and sometimes 
only one to the burr. This variety seems 
to have no off years. The original tree 
yields annually from three to five bushels 
of nuts that bring from twenty -five to forty 
cents per quart. 
If we apply this yield to an acre orchard, 
and then to ten acres, the amount becomes 
bewildering. But it must be remembered 
that these large yields are from trees stand- 
ing alone, and it would not be safe to esti- 
mate the yield of an orchard at more than 
one-fourth that of solitary trees. 
Graffiti:; file Hickory. 
I notice in Orchard & Garden what is 
said of grafting hickory nut trees. It may 
be successfully preformed by cutting off 
the whole top of the seedling stock at a 
height of about four feet from the ground, 
so as not to leave any limbs to take the 
strength of the tree from the graft. 
Put in the grafts as one would graft an 
apple tree and keep the sprouts off. The 
best time in this latitude to graft the hick- 
ory is about the last of April or early in May 
and the cions should be cut fresh from the 
tree and set immediately. I have twelve 
grafted trees on my farm that are growing 
finely and some of them are in bearing. I 
have more orders for nuts than I can fill at 
two dollars per bushel when others are sell- 
ing for seventy -five cents per bushel, and 
never sell them for less. I think the hick- 
ory may be very greatly improved. — J. T. 
Hildebrant, Warren Co., N. J. 
Beecham's Pills cure sick headache. 
