ne 
June, 1890. 
ORCHARD /S ' GARDEN 
©RCHfllW^gARDZN 
AN ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY JOUR- 
NAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
Devoted exclusively to the Interest of the American 
Orchard, Vineyard, Fruit, Vegetable and 
Flower Garden. 
Progressive ! Reliable ! Practical ! Scientific I 
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Entered at the Post Office at Little Silver as second class 
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LITTLE SILVER, N. J., JUNE, 1890. 
CONTENTS. 
Berry Patch. June Work -Gathering and Mark- 
eting Strawberries 115 
Biographical. Peter B. Mead 117 
Editorial 116 
Flower Garden. A New Hydraugea— Floral Notes 
for June 109, 110 
Fungi. Apple Scab aDd its Treatment 113, 114 
Household. June— U. S. Mall— Be Yourself— Fur 
the China Closet Door— Summer Work— The 
Daughter's Room -Cut Flowers in the House- 
Seasonable Recipes 121, 122 
Insects. Apple Borers and Bark Lice— Bisulphide 
of Carbon 118, 119 
Lawn. Lawn Notes. Ill 
Orchard. June Jottings— Orchard Notings— Two 
Confounded Apples— The Yellow Transparent 
Apple— Carson’s Favorite Apple 112. 113 
Vegetable Garden. Garden Work for June— 
How to Treat the Celery Plants— Keep the 
Ground Fullv Occupied— An Excellent Turnip 
for Family Use— The Best way to Grow Herbs 
To Grow Potatoes for Seed and Late Use— Two 
Delicious Vegetables -Some Advice on Sweet 
Potatoes— Economy of Space in the Garden — 
Crowding Celery Plants— The Vegetable Mar- 
row —Henderson's Bush Lima Bean 119. 120 
Vineyard— J une in the Vineyard— The Agawam 
Grape 114 
gotten. They should be repeated this sea- 
son by those who are troubled in this way. 
He applied linseed oil, turpentine and kero- 
sene with a small brush as soon as the warts 
began to appear. All these remedies were 
effectual, but in some cases injury was done 
to the trees by the excessive use of turpen- 
tine and kerosene. The trees should be ex- 
amined at least three times during the sum- 
mer, and in each case enough of the liquid 
should be applied to saturate the warts. 
Cherry trees so affected -should receive the 
same treatment. Prof. Scribner recom- 
mends the prompt removal and destruction 
of the knots and the trees treated to a thor- 
ough washing with the Bordeaux mixture, 
applied with a force pump, and on newly 
developed warts applied directly with a 
brush. He urges the total destruction of 
badly diseased trees. It will well repay our 
readers who keep files of the paper to read 
again at this season PPof. Scribner’s very 
full article on Black-knot in Orchard & 
Garden for June 1889. 
Our readers are invited to favor us with 
notes on the behavior of the newer varieties 
of strawberries this month, with season of 
ripening, yield, quality, and those points 
which go to make up a good berry. 
The McKinley Tariff Bill proposes to in- 
crease the duty upon oranges and lemons 
fully one hundred per cent, beyond the 
present tariff and there are many protests 
against it. California and Florida are the 
States that it is principally designed to pro- 
tect but it is claimed that their products 
of this sort are mostly marketed and sold 
before importations of any great quantises 
are made. There is no gainsaying the fact 
that an abundant and cheap supply of these 
acid fruits is beneficial to the health of the 
people and their consumption should be en 
couraged instead of checked. Well grown 
Florida oranges should have nothing to fear 
in competition with those that are impoi ted 
Treatment of Black Knot on the Pin m 
The experiments of Prof. Maynard of the 
Mass. Experiment Station, last year, on the 
black knot of the plum should not be for 
Success Demands Promptness. 
In both our Fungi and Insect Departments 
this month are timely subjects for the hor- 
ticulturist. Prof. Scribner tells us all about 
the Apple Scab on page 113, whilst on page 
119, Prof. Cordley discussesApple-tree Borers 
and Bark Lice. To successfully combat any 
disease or enemy the remedies must be 
promptly and seasonbly applied. To delay 
at the proper time is to render after efforts 
useless. Whatever is undertaken must be 
persevered in and thoroughly carried out, 
and we m ay not hope for success until it is so. 
of insect enemies may be guarded against 
and the various remedies applied. 
If any of our readers are working large 
portions of land with little profit and rais^- 
ing berries or vegetables that are not of first 
class quality and therefore not bringing first 
class prices, we would urge them to change 
their plans for another year and devote their 
thought and labor to only sufficient land 
that they can till thoroughly. Begin now. 
In the fall, manure the ground heavily and 
sow with rye. This should be done as early 
as possible that the rye may make a good 
growth before winter set in. During winter 
put on another coat of stable manure and 
in early spring plow carefully and deeply 
turning all under. Harrow in some good 
fertilizer sown broadcast and the land is 
ready for the spring crop. If the proposed 
ground is now unoccupied or in strawber- 
ries, as soon as the latter are harvested, ma- 
nure the land and sow it with buckwheat. As 
soon as this is in full blossom plough under 
and sow to rye as suggested. This plan of 
sowing rye should be pursued every fall 
and in a few years such treatment aided by 
good cultivation and the rotting and disin- 
tegration of the manure will make the land 
rich and mellow enough for anything. It 
is not that we are growing too much fruit 
but that we are growing to much poor fruit. 
There is no inducement to buy at any price 
much of the stuff that is offered in market. 
Less Land and Better Products. 
It will bear repeating to say that the best 
remedy against low prices and a full 
market is a high system of growing and 
marketing produce. A few acres well tilled 
are infinitely better in every way than many 
acres cultivated at the expense of tillage 
and the reason for high cultivation are so 
obvious that they should commend them- 
selves to all. The small-fruit grower and 
trucker, in these days of sharp competition, 
cannot afford to allow a single yard of his 
land to remain unproductive and his highly 
cultivated and richly manured soil should 
be made to produce crop after crop in rapid 
succession. Every square yard should be 
made to contribute towards the general 
expenses. His rich, deep, mellow soil should 
enable him to produce fruit and vegetables 
the best of their kind such as will always 
sell at profitable prices. Few will object to 
cultivating five acres well, when assured of 
better returns than they would receive from 
ten, worked in the ordinary way. Better 
soil induces better cultivation. No man 
who goes to the expense of labor of prepar 
ing and enriching his land well will permit 
weeds to grow, and the more he enriches 
his soil the harder will be his fight with the 
weeds that are so sure to follow. Not the 
least benefit to be derived from a lesser 
acreage better cultivated is the greater fa- 
cility with which the attacks and increase 
The Home Market. 
To profitably handle and dispose of a large 
crop of garden produce requires some 
thought and care. Too often the Dome mar- 
ket and neighboring towns and villages are 
overlooked or neglected for the reason that 
it is less trouble to make one shipment daily 
to the large city and - ‘be done with it.” A 
large and profitable business however can 
be built up in supplying those towns and 
better prices can be obtained from them 
than from the large city markets, to say 
nothing of the absence of freight charges 
and commission. It is a surprising fact 
that very many of these towns and villiages 
procure their supplies of garden produce, 
small-fruits, etc., lrom the city markets 
whilst within easy access of large producers. 
In handling strawberries for instance, it 
will pay to make two grades, shipping the 
largest and finest to the city and furnishing 
the second class to the neighboring t.owns. 
Generally speaking fancy prices cannot be 
obtained outside of large cities and ordinary 
prices rule in country towns where fine 
grades of fruit are not in active demand. In 
the city market, on the contrary, only choice 
fruit will bring good prices and second class 
class products often do no more than pav 
the cost of shipping and selling there. Don't 
overlook the home market then, but see that 
what is offered is fresh and tastefully put 
up. The supply will create the demand. 
Evaporated sulphur is recommended for 
the destruction of the Rose-leaf Blight, Rose 
Mildew, Grape Mildew, Chrysanthemum 
Leaf Blight, and the Red Spider. 
