130 
July, 1890. 
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Seasonable Suggestions. 
If the vines have been properly traintd 
and cultivated last month there will be lit- 
tle work to do now. The canes, however, 
for next year's fruiting should be carefully 
tied up to the trellis as fast as they grow. 
Suckers should be taken off the stocks 
whenever they appear or they will rob the 
bearing vines. Small imperfect bunches of 
fruit should be picked off. See to the grafts 
and remove all the suckers that start. This 
will have to be repeated frequently as 
they shoot up very often before the grafts 
get started. Sometimes it will be necessary 
to remove the soil down to where they are 
grafted, in order to get them all off. as it is 
often difficult to distinguish the suckers 
from the grafts. The soil must then be re- 
placed and packed tightly, being careful 
not to disturb the grafts. 
Grafts often start to grow and then die 
down to the bud: and then, after some time, 
start again. It is well therefore not to 
hastily conclude that they will not grow 
again,for they sometimes make several such 
attempts to grow before they finally suc- 
ceed and then they make a strong, healthy 
growth. They should be tied up to stakes 
as fast as they grow, to prevent the wind 
from breaking them off. 
Keep the vines, cuttings and layers clean 
and free from weeds by frequent plowing 
and hoeing. Do not remove any foliage 
from the vines, as many often do, to let the 
light and sun to the grapes, supposing there- 
by to hasten their ripening and prevent 
rot. Grapes ripen better in the shade than 
in full sunlight; neither does such a course 
check the rot. If the copper solution, bag- 
ging the clusters or cutting the vines down, 
do not stop the grape-rot we will have to 
resort to rot- proof grapes. Of these we 
have a number; such as Norton, Cynthiana, 
Herman. Jewel. Paragon and others of 
every color, shade and quality. I have for 
a number of years believed that it was 
cheaper and better to search for rot-proof 
grapes and plant them exclusively than to 
try to medicate and doctor up the old dis- 
eased varieties. 
Preparations should be made in season 
for shipping grapes — everything should be 
in readiness when they begin ripening in 
August, baskets holding about 10 pounds 
are the best for shipping. The bunches 
should be cut with short stems and packed 
tightly and snugly with the stems down 
and handled so as not to injure the bloom; 
when full it should be even on the top. It 
requires some care and skill to pack grapes 
well, so they will show to good advantage. 
Grapes should never be sent to market until 
fully ripe for they never improve after be- 
ing cut from the vines.— J. Stayman, Kan. 
In reply to W. A. Chalfant's enquiry in 
May number: yes, two-thirds of my first 
grape grafts grew, and even more than that, 
and in all my experience since then, some 
thirty years. I have not done any better 
but often times much worse. 
As to grape-rot I would say that no one 
need expect that by destroying a part of the 
vineyard, or in cutting back to the ground, so 
as to have no rot on the young canes the sec- 
ond year after, he will have freedom from 
rot, for the disease will remain in the other 
part left, and will be conveyed to the new 
canes. I had severe rot on a young vine 
the first year it bore. — Samuel Miller. 
ed in this comparatively new article of 
fencing will do well to write The Sedgwick 
Bros. Co., Richmond, Ind. There is now 
more than 2,000 miles of their fencing in 
use, and the best that can be said of any 
fencing is that their first customers are now 
coming back for new supplies, and will use 
this article more extensively in the future. 
'HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES 
Grapes Far North. 
The editor of the Maine Farmer, who is 
a successful orchardist, living in southwest- 
ern Maine, says of grapes, that: “Earliness 
and high quality never yet have been found 
in the same variety.” This indicates an un- 
common experience for his location, where 
the Delaware, Salem Brighton and Worden 
ought to mature every year, in a suitable 
soil and exposure, even without ringing. I 
Jive farther north, at a higher attitude, 
(850 feet above the sea) and yet I have ripe 
grapes, for use and for sale, every year. By 
ringing, I can ripen even the Concord, while 
as for quality, I do not ask for better fruit 
than my Delawares and Salems. lean buy 
no Salems that are nearly as good as my 
own; but this is probably due to the fact 
that there is a “bogus” Salem in the market 
and that the true Salem is seldom offered 
for sale, probably on account of its im- 
perfect clusters. — T. H. Hoskins. 
American Association of Nurserymen. 
The fifteenth annual meeting of this As- 
sociation was held in New- York, on June 
4, 5 and 6, and was well attended; about 
200 members being present from all sections 
of the country. 
Many of the papers and addresses pre- 
sented were really of more interest to fruit- 
growers than to nurserymen proper but all 
were of a high order and not only interest- 
ing but valuable. Especially so was the 
informal talk of Pomologist Van Deman on 
NEW VARIETIES OF FRUITS. 
He though, too little attention was being 
paid to our native fruits from which much 
that is of value may be secured. Many 
good plums have come from Prunus Ameri- 
cana. The Hawkeye from Iowa is the best 
among the newer sorts. Others are Rol- 
lingstone. Leduc, Cheney, Ludlow, Hopp. 
Clyman is a variety of Prunus domestica. 
Woven Wire Fencinsi. 
Steel wire is fast taking the place of wood 
and the best form for its use as fencing is 
in woven diamond mesh. It is now pro- 
duced by machinery and sold quite as 
cheaply as wood. It costs less to erect. It 
will last as long as two or three sets of good 
wood posts. It costs very little to main- 
tain. The damage by breakage is almost 
nothing. It never blows down. It is not 
affected by heat or cold, or storms. It shel- 
ters no insects nor harbors rats or mice. In 
plain form it is the perfect farm fence, and 
it may be used in more ornamental form, 
for the finest residences. 
It is also woven into gates and makes the 
lightest and best gates, when woven on gas 
pipe frame, that has ever been used. The 
illustration shows the general service given 
by woven steel wire. All who are interest- 
All these are very promising. He also 
spoke of the Burbank which was originated 
by the horticulturist and nurseryman of 
that name in California. It has not yet 
been grown outside of its native State. It 
is of medium size crimson purple, of fine 
quality and will probably prove hardy in 
the Middle States. There seems to be much 
confusion in the nomenclature of some of 
the Japanese plums. Tliree distinct varie- 
ties of Kelsey .were reported. An objection- 
able feature of the Japanese plums is that 
they bloom so early that their blossoms are 
very apt to be injured by late frosts; they 
are fully as bad as the apiicot in this re- 
spect. Satsuma is a round plum with deep 
red flesh and a small stone; it succeeds well 
at the North, as does also Ogon. 
Among new apples were mentioned Gar- 
field, a handsome apple of bright crimson 
