152 
August, 1890, 
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crop of ripening berries. There can be no 
danger if care is used in making the appli- 
cation. Hellebore is a mild vegetable poison 
and the amount used is so small that no 
serious results can follow. For the second 
brood Paris green or London purple may be 
used with entire safety and with the best 
of results. Kerosene emulsion might be 
used on the second brood, but not on the 
first, as the od wotild so affect the berries 
as to materially injure their flavor. Prof. 
Forbes suggests the application of pvre- 
thrum water. All applications should be 
made thoroughly and not done in a “slip- 
shod " manner. 
Another insect that attacks the straw- 
berry, is the common 
STRAWBERRY LEAF ROLLER. 
Phirxopteris, comptana , Frol. 
This perhaps is the greatest enemy, ex- 
cept the white grub, that Hie strawberry 
grower has to contend against. When once 
it has made its appearance we are not so 
effectual in checking its ravages as one 
might at first suppose. It was first noticed 
in this country in August, 1867, and since 
then it has been very frequently met with. 
It is an European species and in its native 
country does not attack the strawberry, 
but obtains its sustenance from several spe- 
cies of plants that belong to the same family. 
The mature insect is a moth and belongs 
to the family Tortricidce. This family of 
insects has many members that are very 
injurious to foliage and fruit. Among them 
is the notorious codling moth. The mem- 
liers of the family may be known by their 
small size, the wings rarely expanding over 
an inch. They are variously marked with 
spots and bands, often with bright metallic 
hues. The hinder wings are usually of a 
dull color and have the inner margin folded 
fan-like against the body The front wings, 
where they unite with the body, are broad. 
The moth of the strawberry leaf roller 
has the fore wings of a reddish brown 
streaked and spotted with black and white. 
The hinder wings are of a dusky brown 
color. When expanded, the wings measure 
nearly half an inch across. 
The larvae which appear early in the 
month of June are about one-tliird of an 
inch long and are largest on the anterior seg- 
ments. gradually tapering to the caudal 
end. They vary in color from a light yel- 
lowish-brown to a dark olive-green. The 
body is soft and somewhat semi transparent: 
The head is yellowish and horny with a 
dark eye-like spot upon each side. As soon 
as the larva: emerge from the eggs they be- 
gin their devastating career by forming a 
web upon the upper surface of the leaf. 
By some means they gradually draw the 
two halves of the leaf together so that the 
insect itself is hidden within the fold. Here 
they eat away the pulpy substance of the 
leaf which causes it to turn brown when it 
becomes dry and parched. Often they are 
so numerous that all the plants appear 
dead. In Jackson County, Michigan, they 
have done considerable damage. There are 
two broods, the first one appearing in June 
and the second tow ard the last of August or 
first of September. 
Prof. Saunders recommends “sprinkling 
the leaves with powdered hellebore and 
water, using an ounce of the powder to an 
ordinary pailful of water or the rolled leaves 
may be gathered and burned. Prof. A. 
J. Cook says that London purple or Paris 
green will answer the purpose and will 
prove effectual in the destruction of the 
second brood. Another remedy which has 
been successful wherever used, is to mulch 
the field and then burn. The burning does 
not injure the plants and the next year they j 
will yield as good returns as ever. This* 
latter remedy if repeated for a number of 
times will entirely destroy all traces of the 
insect. — F. J Neiswander. 
An Experience Witli Itosebugw. 
Mr. John B. Smith, in Garden & Forest, 
gives an interesting experience in testing 
the value of remedies for the destruction of 
the Rosebug or Rose-chafer, in the invaded 
districts of southern New Jersey. This pest 
was fully described and illustrated in our 
last number. Mr. Smith found that, as a 
rule, the insects did not breed in culti- 
vated land, but that the entire sand region 
is a vast breeding ground, pupm being 
found even at the very seashore. 
Of the remedies employed he says: “Py- 
rethrum has been highly recommended for 
these insects I tried it first at the rate of 
one ounce to one gallon of water. It acted 
in about ten minutes, the majority of the 
beetlestumbling from the blackberry bushes 
to the ground. Only a few, however, were 
really stupified, and most of them began 
crawling back upon the plants immediately, 
where, as soon as the sun dried them, they 
fed as freely as before. Then I increased 
the dose to one-fourth of a pound to a gal 
Ion of water. The effect was more prompt, 
the resulting stupor more lasting, but half an 
hour later all were again feeding on blos- 
soms that were yello v with pyrethrum! 
The insects will live for an hour or two in 
the pure powder, and recover wdien remov- 
ed from it. Tobacco seems to give an add- 
ed relish to the plants upon which it is ap- 
plied. Sprayed on at the rate of a pound to 
the gallon, the powder being added to the 
decoction, the beetles never stopped eating. 
London purple applied as strong as the 
grape would bear did not prevent the de- 
struction of the blossoms, but left a sprink- 
ling of ilead beetles on the ground. Pow- 
dered napthaline, pure, and mixed with 
carbonate of lime, was dusted over a row of 
vines with the most approved appPance, so 
as to leave the vines white. This had not 
the slightest effect, so far as the blossoms 
are concerned, and the leaves were eaten 
from below instead of from above. 
Carbolated lime was equally ineffective, 
as was also the pure hydrate of lime, which 
is better than air-slaked lime, as a rule. 
Hellebore applied pure is utterly ineffective. 
Mrs. Treat showed me some Foxgloves in 
her garden, each plant surrounded by dead 
Rcsebugs. Colonel Pearson thereupon made 
an infusion of leaves, which was ineffective, 
while I fed a lot of the beetles for a week 
upon roses which were soaked in a saturated 
solution of digitaline! Quassia is useless 
and so were all the copper compounds, the 
saturated solution of lime, the iron solutions, 
the kerosine emulsion; and in fact, every- 
thing else that was applied. All this goes 
to show what a tough subject we have to 
deal with. Corrosive sublimate will kill 
him readily, but, unfortunately, kills the 
plants as well. A sludge-oil soap, obtained 
too late to test thoroughly, kills the beetles 
without injuring the plants. 
Of the mechanical means tried, an um- 
brella with a sack attached, into which the 
beetles were jarred, proved satisfactory, and 
this can be used at all times of the day, 
since the beetles cannot fly out of a sack as 
they could off a sheet or from the ground. 
My conclusions are that the only way to 
save a crop of grapes is to plant Spiraea, 
roses or blackberries between some rows of 
the vineyard and by persistent collecting 
keep these plants free and attractive. How 
persistent one must be is shown by the fact 
that though Colonel Pearson one year went 
over his vineyard once a day killing beetles, 
yet they destroyed his grapes almost com- 
pletely. This year, though he daily cleaned 
his rose bushes by applying the sludge-oil 
soap, yet every bud was eaten. 
There is one glimmer of hope ahead. In- 
dications of a decrease in the number of the 
iusects are observed and natural means 
may end the invasion. Some eighteen or 
twenty years ago there was a similar inva- 
sion, lasting four or five years. The present 
flood began about four years ago, and in 
some places is undoubtealy on the decrease.” 
Kooks Ktceived. 
The Fairuland of Flowers. A Popular Illus- 
trated Botany for the House and School. By Mara L. 
Pratt. Such a book as this has long been needed as a 
beginning for young folks to the Interesting study of 
Botany. It is charmingly written in a simple and un- 
technical style that will enable young readers to follow 
readily its teachings and trace a flower or leaf down 
to where it belongs. And yet it is not lacking in any 
of the essentials to a correct study of the subject, but 
the dryness and perplexities of the strict text books 
have been relieved and made interesting and plain by 
the manner in which the Flora has been treated and by 
the introduction of delightful flower legends, stories 
an i poems throughout the book. The arrangement is 
scientific and accurate. It is copiously illustrated, 
beautifully printed and bound in quarto form. Pub- 
lished by the Educational Publishing Co., Boston. 
Si. oo. 
Edward Burton. By Henry Wood. A strong story, 
well written, and designed evidently to exhibit the 
influence expressed in character and distinctive per- 
sonality by the various systems and doctrines of the- 
ology, sociology, etc. The scene Is laid in Bar Harbor 
and Boston and the narrative is interesting and instruc- 
tive. It is a book that will repay careful reading and 
food for quiet thought and reflection may be gathered 
from it. Lee Si Shepard, Publishers, Boston. 12 mo. 
cloth, SI -25. 
Annals of Horticulture — For 1889. By L. H. Bai- 
ley. A Witness of Passing Events and a Record of 
Progress. This is the first of a series of books which 
it is proposed to issue for the purpose of chronicling 
and preserving in convenient form such items of horti- 
cultural progress as may be of sufficient value and 
worthy of record. The present volume contains: Yields 
